Inter-Frequency Presentation
Mohammad Shahabuddin
Inter Frequency Scenarios
• Reselections
• Redirections
• Handovers
Reselections
• Idle, Cell_FACH, Cell_PCH, URA_PCH.
• FMO in Cell_FACH.
• F3’s to search for “ message .|L1 state
now|fach meas oksn|measoksn query|cr
rank|get_specific|dl_weak|inter-freq”.
Redirections
• RRC Connection Setup.
• RRC Connection Reject.
Handovers
• Any RRC message which brings IE
“Frequency Info” & signalled Target
Frequency is different from serving
frequency, constitutes Inter Frequency
Handover.
• Blind Handovers.
• Compressed Mode based Handovers.
Compressed Mode (CM)
• Need to make measurements on other
frequency without dual receiver.
• Idea is not to lose data but to compress
data transmission in Time domain using
Compressed Frames.
• UE shall support following simultaneous
CM Patterns for different measurement
purposes :
CM contd.
• FDD (for Inter Frequency); GSM Carrier
RSSI measurement, Initial BSIC
Identification, BSIC Reconfirmation (all
these 3 for Inter-RAT); TDD (not being
used so far, might be in China).
• The following are the parameters related
with CM:
- TGMP (Transmission Gap Measurement
Purpose)
CM contd.
-TGL1/2 (Transmission Gap Length 1/2)
-TGD (Transmission Gap Distance)
-TGPSI (Transmission Gap Pattern
Sequence Identifier)
-TGPL1/2 (Transmission Gap Pattern
Length 1/2)
-TGPRC (Transmission Gap Pattern
Repetition Count)
CM contd.
-TGSN (Transmission Gap Starting Slot
Number)
-TGCFN (Transmission Gap Connection
Frame Number)
CM is possible in Cell_DCH only.
CM contd.
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #TGPRC
TG pattern 1 TG pattern 2 TG pattern 1 TG pattern 2 TG pattern 1 TG pattern 2
TG pattern 1 TG pattern 2
Transmission
Transmission Transmission Transmission gap 2
gap 1 gap 2 gap 1
TGSN TGSN
TGL1 TGL2 TGL1 TGL2
TGD TGD
TGPL1 TGPL2
CM contd.
• CM can be done by following 3 different
methods:
1) SF/2 Reduction The data rate is
increased by reducing the Spreading
Factor by 2. Applicable only for SF>4.
2) HLS (Higher Layer Scheduling) The
Higher Layer (MAC) can reduce the data
rate by restricting allowed TFC’s.
CM contd.
3)PuncturingThis method involves
puncturing the bits at the Physical Layer
during multiplexing. This reduces the
Symbol rate. It has limitation since many
bits need to be punctured to create the
gaps, hence also not suitable for CM gaps
with long TGL.
CM contd.
• Two types of Compressed Frame
structure
-Frame Type A Maximizes the
Transmission Gap length.
Slot # (Nfirst - 1) transmission gap Slot # (Nlast + 1)
T TF T TF
Data1 P CI Data2 PL PL Data1 P CI Data2 PL
C C
-Frame Type B Optimized for Power
Control.
Slot # (Nfirst - 1) transmission gap Slot # (Nlast + 1)
T TF T T TF
Data1 P CI Data2 PL P PL Data1 P CI Data2 PL
C C C
CM & Inter-Frequency
• CM is triggered for Inter Frequency case
either by reporting of Event 2D or by
reporting of Event 1F by all the cells in the
ASET, or blindly from network side, when
the DL power hits MAX on the network
side.
CM and Inter-Frequency contd.
• The following are the modules used:
-rrcifreq Reading IF info from SIB
-srchinterfL1 module which gets the IF
info from RRC, and stores it in VASet. Also
involved with enabling and disabling of
TTT for IF Events (2 series events).
-l1cmmeas Processes all the MCM’s.
-srchcmmeas PSC ACQ &RConf
LSearch.
CM & Inter-Frequency contd.
• After PSC reconfirmation srchcmmeas
passes this info to srchinterf, which starts
monitoring these PSC’s and also starts
evaluating for any IF Event (say Evt 2B),
or sending periodic report.
• Once the Network receives IF Event
Report or a certain number of IF Periodic
reports it sends Handover command to the
PSC on the target Frequency.
IF Handover Procedure
• CM is suspended (L1 state now
SUSPENDED)
• Since Hard Handover, there is a break. (L1
state now IDLE)
• Inter-Frequency ACQ (L1 state now ACQ)
• UE starts transmitting on new frequency
(L1 state now DCH).
F3 Messages
message .|going act|going
deact|tgpsi|tgcfn|--freq|inter-freq|pscacq
done|starting pscacq|rece list
search|starting reconflist|Cell->|hho
triggered|hho has been|L1 state
now|eventid e|Step1done|SRC Code
Index|Interf gap unusable|Elim
Step1Peak|inter_freq|acq
succ|Suspending PSC ACQ
Inter-Frequency Searches
• During CM, there are two kinds of Inter Frequency Searches:
– Inter-Frequency Step 1 Search (with a total non-coherent Integration Length of 30)
If TGL is 7, the NC covered during each gap is 3, and if the TGL is 14, the NC covered during
each gap is 10. So with TGL 7, it takes a total of 10 gaps to do Step 1 IF Search, whereas
with TGL 14, it takes 3 gaps to complete Step 1 IF Search. The searcher needs one and half
slot to tune to other frequency and another one and half slot to tune back to original
frequency. With CM Frame Type A, one slot is used for Pilot Transmission, hence left with
only 3 slots if TGL is 7, and 10 slots if TGL is 14, since 4 slots are lost in each case.
– Inter-Frequency List Search
There are two kinds. PSC ACQuisition List Search and Reconfirmation List Search. PSC
ACQuisition List Search is performed on every Step 1 peak one at a time. In terms of DSP,
this is a simple correlation operation. Once energy is seen better than threshold ( -22.6dB),
the peak is passed on for Reconfirmation using Reconfirmation List Search. Once again if
the energy exceeds the threshold (-22.6dB), the PSC is said to be DETECTED, else its
UNDETECTED. Once the PSC is detected, Reconfirmation List Search is done periodically
every 400ms.