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Earth’s Four Subsystems Explained

Earth is made up of four interconnected subsystems or spheres - the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. The geosphere is the solid portion including the crust, mantle and core. The hydrosphere is the water sphere covering 70% of the planet. The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth. Finally, the biosphere encompasses all of Earth's ecosystems and living things. All of these spheres interact to form a complex and unified whole that is our planet Earth.

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Leilei Enrile
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170 views14 pages

Earth’s Four Subsystems Explained

Earth is made up of four interconnected subsystems or spheres - the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. The geosphere is the solid portion including the crust, mantle and core. The hydrosphere is the water sphere covering 70% of the planet. The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth. Finally, the biosphere encompasses all of Earth's ecosystems and living things. All of these spheres interact to form a complex and unified whole that is our planet Earth.

Uploaded by

Leilei Enrile
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Earth's Systems
  • Components of Earth
  • Individual Subsystems

EARTH

SUBSYSTEMS
Ear th as a SYS TEM
System
is a set of inter-
connected
components that are
interacting
to form a unified whole
Ecosystem
is an
example of
a SYSTEM

ORGANISMS are
interrelated and
interacting.
DID YOU KNOW?

• The Earth system is essentially a CLOSED


SYSTEM.

A closed system is a system in which there is


only an exchange of heat or energy and no
exchange of matter.

• The Earth receives energy from the sun and


returns some of this energy to space.
Components or
Subsystems of
Earth

Are called “Spheres”


Earth is a very complex place. Although it looks like one
large structure, it's actually got a lot going on that you
may not see if you don't look closely. All of the
processes on Earth are driven by four 'spheres,' which we
describe individually, but are really all connected.
The names of each of these spheres come from Greek
words that describe what they're made of: 'Geo' for
'ground,' 'hydro' for 'water,' 'bio' for 'life' and 'atmo' for
'air.' Let's look at each of the four spheres in a bit
more detail to gain a better understanding of how they
help make up the earth.
Biosphere

 It includes all life forms on


Earth
 It covers all ecosystems-
from the soil to the
rainforest, from
mangroves to coral reefs,
and from plankton-rich
ocean surface to the deep
sea
 E.g. Photosynthesis,
Carbon Cycle
Hydrosphere
 Dynamic mass of water that is
continuously on the move.
 About 70% of the Earth is
covered with liquid water and
much of it is in the form of
ocean water
 Only 3% of Earth’s water is
fresh: two-thirds are in the
form of ice, and the remaining
one-third is present in
streams, lakes and
groundwater.
Geosphere

 Also known as
LITHOSPHERE
 The solid part of the Earth
extends from the surface
to the center.
 It includes the crust,
mantle and core.
Layers of the Earth

 Crust – the light and very thin


outer skin of the Earth
-Continental and
Oceanic
 Mantle – the less dense layer of
the Earth
-Upper and Lower
 Core – the central part of the
Earth and the denser layer
-Inner(solid) and
outer(liquid)
Atmosphere

 It is the thin gaseous layer


that envelope the lithosphere.
 The present atmosphere is
composed of 78%
nitrogen(N), 21% oxygen(O₂),
0.9% argon and trace
amount of Gases.
 One of the most important
processes by which the heat
on the Earth’s surface is
redistributed is through
Atmospheric circulation.
This is the
End of our
Report.
Thank you!

EARTH SUBSYSTEMS
Earth as a SYSTEM System is a set of inter- connected components that are interacting to form a unified whole
Ecosystem is an example of a SYSTEM ORGANISMS are interrelated and interacting.
DID YOU KNOW? • The Earth system is essentially a CLOSED SYSTEM. A closed system is a system in which there is only an exc
Components or Subsystems of Earth Are called “Spheres”
Earth is a very complex place. Although it looks like one large structure, it's actually got a lot going on that you may no
Biosphere It includes all life forms on Earth It covers all ecosystems- from the soil to the rainforest, from mangroves
Hydrosphere Dynamic mass of water that is continuously on the move. About 70% of the Earth is covered with liquid water a
Geosphere Also known as LITHOSPHERE The solid part of the Earth extends from the surface to the center. It includes the

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