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Accelerometers and Pressure Sensors Overview

The document discusses different types of accelerometers and pressure sensors. It describes three main types of accelerometers: potentiometric, LVDT, and piezoelectric. Potentiometric accelerometers have limited resolution and are only suitable for low frequency applications. LVDT accelerometers use a core and spring to measure vibration. Piezoelectric accelerometers generate a charge proportional to acceleration and can measure high frequencies up to 500g. The document also examines three types of pressure sensors: LVDT, capacitive, and strain gauge sensors. LVDT pressure sensors use bellows while capacitive sensors detect changes in capacitance. The document provides diagrams of these sensors and their applications.

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26 views16 pages

Accelerometers and Pressure Sensors Overview

The document discusses different types of accelerometers and pressure sensors. It describes three main types of accelerometers: potentiometric, LVDT, and piezoelectric. Potentiometric accelerometers have limited resolution and are only suitable for low frequency applications. LVDT accelerometers use a core and spring to measure vibration. Piezoelectric accelerometers generate a charge proportional to acceleration and can measure high frequencies up to 500g. The document also examines three types of pressure sensors: LVDT, capacitive, and strain gauge sensors. LVDT pressure sensors use bellows while capacitive sensors detect changes in capacitance. The document provides diagrams of these sensors and their applications.

Uploaded by

kuttu9703
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DAS – Module 2.

3
Accelerometers, Pressure Sensors
Presented By,
Prasanth Krishnan
Objectives

Understand the basic types and applications of

 Accelerometers
 Pressure Sensors

2
1. Accelerometers

 Acceleration  Rate of change of speed (or velocity)


 Both magnitude and direction
 Accelerometer  Measures acceleration
 Measurement is done in terms of ‘g’ ( g= 9.81m/s2)
 Typically consists of a mechanical sensing element and a conversion mechanism
 3 types
 Potentiometric Accelerometer
 LVDT Accelerometer
 Piezoelectric Accelerometer
3
1.1 Potentiometric Accelerometer

 O/P can be measured by change in


resistance or change in voltage
 Disadvantages
 Limited resolution
 <100 Hz applications only
 Wiper can give contact errors

4
1.2 LVDT Accelerometer

 Core acts as mass


 Spring steel (reed) acts as spring
 Basic principle
 Same as LVDT
 As vibration (or acceleration)
increases, amplitude of o/p sgl.
Increases
 Advantages
 Contactless
 Much smaller mass  can measure
higher frequencies than
potentiometric accelerometer
5
1.3 Piezoelectric Accelerometer

 Basic principle
 When force is applied to a piezoelectric
crystal, a charge is generated
 Here force is generated due to acceleration
 F= ma
 So charge, Q= dF
 Where, d charge coefficient
 Suppose the crystal has a capacitance C
 ThenQ = CV

V = Q/C
= dF/C
= dma/C
6
1.3 Piezoelectric Accelerometer
(Contd.)
 Advantages
 Small size
 Natural frequency is very high, so
can measure upto 500g
 g = 9.81 m/s2

 Disadvantages
 Cannot be used for low frequency
applications (i.e. less than 10 Hz)
 O/P impedance is very high, so
loading may occur

7
2. Pressure Sensors

 3 types of pressures
 Absolute pr.  wrt vacuum
 Gauge Pr.  wrt ambient atmosphere
 Differential Pressure  wrt another pressure

8
2. Pressure Sensors

 LVDT pressure transducer


 Capacitance Pressure transducer
 Bourdon Gauge
 Strain gauge pressure transducer

9
2. Pressure Sensors (Contd.)

LVDT Pr. Transducer (with LVDT Pr. Transducer (with


bellows) bourdon gauge)

10
2. Pressure Sensors (Contd.)

Capacitive Pr. transducer

11
2. Pressure Sensors (Contd.)

Strain gauge Pr. transducer Bourdon gauge

12
3. Temperature Sensors

 RTD
 Thermocouple
 Thermistor

13
3. Temperature Sensors (Contd.)

3.1 RTD

14
3. Temperature Sensors (Contd.)

RTD Connections

15
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