Scribd
Upload
29 views28 pages

Understanding Surface Integrals and Area

The document discusses surface integrals and parameterizing surfaces. It defines a surface integral as integrating a function over a surface, which can be converted into a double integral over the region the surface projects onto. It then discusses parameterizing a surface using vector functions of parameters u and v, and how to evaluate surface area by taking the double integral of the cross product of the partial derivatives of the parameterization with respect to u and v over the parameter domain. An example calculates the surface area of a cone parameterized in spherical coordinates.

Uploaded by

Kenn Sharpeyes
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views28 pages

Understanding Surface Integrals and Area

The document discusses surface integrals and parameterizing surfaces. It defines a surface integral as integrating a function over a surface, which can be converted into a double integral over the region the surface projects onto. It then discusses parameterizing a surface using vector functions of parameters u and v, and how to evaluate surface area by taking the double integral of the cross product of the partial derivatives of the parameterization with respect to u and v over the parameter domain. An example calculates the surface area of a cone parameterized in spherical coordinates.

Uploaded by

Kenn Sharpeyes
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SURFACE INTEGRALS

KENN TRISTAN E. NAVARRETE


We now consider
integrating
functions over a
surface S that lies
above some plane
region D.
Let’s suppose the surface S is described
by 𝑧 = 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦)
and we are considering a function
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) defined on S,

The surface integral is given by:

ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 𝑑𝑆
𝑆
where:
𝑑𝑆 is the change in Surface Area
ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 𝑑𝑆 = ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦) 1 + 𝑔𝑥 2 + 𝑔𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴
𝑆 𝐷

𝑧 = 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦)

where:
We convert a surface integral into a
standard double integral that we can
compute.
ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 𝑑𝑆 = ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑧), 𝑧 1 + 𝑔𝑥 2 + 𝑔𝑧 2 𝑑𝐴
𝑆 𝐷
𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑧)

or

ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 𝑑𝑆 = ඵ 𝑓 𝑔(𝑦, 𝑧), 𝑦, 𝑧 1 + 𝑔𝑦 2 + 𝑔𝑧 2 𝑑𝐴
𝑆 𝐷
𝑥 = 𝑔(𝑦, 𝑧)
EXAMPLE:

Evaluate:

ඵ(𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑑𝑆
𝑆

where:
𝑆: 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 1
SOLUTION:

= ඵ(𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧) 1 + 𝑔𝑥 2 + 𝑔𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴
𝐷

= ඵ(𝑥 + 𝑦 + (4 − 𝑦)) 1 + 02 + (−1)2 𝑑𝐴


𝐷

=ඵ 𝑥+𝑦+4 2 𝑑𝐴
𝐷
SOLUTION:

= ඵ 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 4 2 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
𝐷

𝜃=2𝜋 𝑟=1

= න න 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 4 2 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
𝜃=0 𝑟=0

= 4 2𝜋
Parametric
Representation
of Surfaces
in line integrals,

The Parametric Representation of a


curve C is,
𝒓 𝑡 = [𝑥 𝑡 , 𝑦 𝑡 , 𝑧 𝑡 ]
𝒓 𝑡 = 𝑥 𝑡 𝒊, 𝑦 𝑡 𝒋, 𝑧 𝑡 𝒌

where:
𝑎≤𝑡≤𝑏
Thus,
The Parametric Representation of a
surface S is,
𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 = [𝑥 𝑢, 𝑣 , 𝑦 𝑢, 𝑣 , 𝑧 𝑢, 𝑣 ]
𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 = 𝑥 𝑢, 𝑣 𝒊, 𝑦 𝑢, 𝑣 𝒋, 𝑧 𝑢, 𝑣 𝒌

where:
𝑢, 𝑣 varies in some region R of the 𝑢𝑣-plane
“To Parameterize a Surface
means treating that surface like
a vector function”
E
Parameterize the surface
X expressed in,

A
M
𝒙= 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒛𝟐
P
L
E
:
𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 = ( 𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 ) 𝒊 + 𝑢𝒋 + 𝑣𝒌
E
Parameterize the surface
X expressed in,
A
M 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 +𝒚 =𝒛
P
L
E
:
𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 = 𝑣 cos 𝑢 𝒊 + 𝑣 sin 𝑢 𝒋 + 𝑣𝒌
Evaluating a
Vector Function
Surface
Surface Area

ඵ 𝑟റ𝑢 × 𝑟റ𝑣 𝑑𝐴
𝐷
where:
D is domain of the parameters (𝑢, 𝑣)
𝑟റ𝑢 is the partial derivative of 𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 with respect to 𝑢
𝑟റ𝑣 is the partial derivative of 𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 with respect to 𝑣
EXAMPLE:

Find the Surface Area of

𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 +𝒚 =𝒛
𝒓 𝑢, 𝑣 = 𝑣 cos 𝑢 𝒊 + 𝑣 sin 𝑢 𝒋 + 𝑣𝒌

finding 𝒓𝒖
𝑟റ𝑢 = −𝑣 sin 𝑢 𝒊 + 𝑣 cos 𝑢 𝒋

finding 𝒓𝒗
𝑟റ𝑣 = cos 𝑢 𝒊 + sin 𝑢 𝒋 + 𝒌
Performing the Cross product

𝒊 𝒋 𝒌
𝑟റ𝑢 × 𝑟റ𝑣 = −𝑣 sin 𝑢 𝑣 cos 𝑢 0
cos 𝑢 sin 𝑢 1

= (𝑣 cos 𝑢) 𝒊 + (𝑣 sin 𝑢) 𝒋 − 𝒗𝒌
Solving for the magnitude

𝑟റ𝑢 × 𝑟റ𝑣 = (𝑣 cos 𝑢) 𝒊 + (𝑣 sin 𝑢) 𝒋 − 𝒗𝒌


= (𝑣 cos 𝑢)2 + 𝑣 sin 𝑢2 + (−𝑣)2

=𝑣 2
Substitute the magnitude of the
cross product to,

ඵ 𝑟റ𝑢 × 𝑟റ𝑣 𝑑𝐴 = ඵ 𝑣 2 𝑑𝐴
𝐷 𝐷
Set the domain for our
parameters (𝑢, 𝑣)
𝑢=2𝜋 𝑣=𝑟

ඵ 𝑣 2 𝑑𝐴 = න න 𝑣 2 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢
𝐷 𝑢=0 𝑣=0

= 𝜋𝑟 2 2
Therefore:
The surface area of the cone
expressed in the equation
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒛𝟐

is equal to,
𝜋𝑟 2 2
The end!
^.^

You might also like