By: Muhammad Huzafa
Reg.#: EE172081
Contents
Introduction
4-Bit Microprocessors
8-Bit Microprocessors
16-Bit Microprocessors
32-Bit Microprocessors
64-Bit Microprocessors
Snapdragon Processors
MediaTek Processors
Microprocessor
“The integrated circuit which contain all the function of the CPU
(Central Processing Unit) of a computer is known as
Microprocessor.”
Fairchild Semiconductors (founded in 1957)
invented the first IC in 1959.
In 1968, Robert Noyce, Gordan Moore, Andrew
Grove resigned from Fairchild Semiconductors.
They founded their own company Intel (Integrated
Electronics).
Intel grown from 3 man start-up in 1968
4-Bit
Microprocessors
Intel 4004 Intel 4040
Introduced in 1971. Introduced in 1974.
It was the first microprocessor It was also 4-bit μP.
by Intel. 8 KB of program memory
It was a 4-bit μP. 640 bytes of addressable memory
Its clock speed was 3.000 The number of transistor
740KHz. Clock speed is between 500 kHz
It had 2,300 transistors. and 740 kHz. 4 uses a crystal
It could execute around to 5185 MHz
60,000 instructions per
second.
8-Bit
Microprocessors
INTEL 8008 INTEL 8080 INTEL 8085
Introduced in 1974. Introduced in 1976.
Introduced in 1972.
It was also 8-bit µP.
It was also 8-bit µP.
It was first 8-bit µP.
Its clock speed was 3MHz.
Its clock speed was
Its clock speed was
Its data bus is 8-bit and
2 MHz.
500 KHz.
It had 6,000 transistors. address bus is 16-bit.
Could execute 50,000
Was 10 times faster It had 6,500 transistors.
instructions per second.
than 8008. Could execute 7,69,230
Could execute 5,00,000 instructions per second.
instructions per second. It could access 64 KB of
memory.
It had 246 instructions.
16-Bit Microprocessors
INTEL 8086 INTEL 8088
Introduced in 1978 .
It was first 16-bit µP. Introduced in 1979.
Its clock speed is 4.77 MHz, 8 MHz
and 10 MHz, depending on the version. It was also 16-bit µP.
Its data bus is 16-bit and address bus
is 20-bit. It was created as a cheaper
It had 29,000 transistors. version of Intel’s 8086.
Could execute 2.5 million
instructions per second. It was a 16-bit processor with an
It could access 1 MB of memory. 8-bit external bus.
It had 22,000 instructions.
It had Multiply and Divide
instructions.
INTEL 80186 & 80188
Introduced in 1982.
They were 16-bit µPs.
Clock speed was 6 MHz
INTEL 80286
Introduced in 1982.
It was 16-bit µP.
Its clock speed was 8 MHz.
32-Bit Microprocessors
INTEL 80386
Introduced in 1986.
It was first 32-bit µP.
Its data bus is 32-bit and address bus
is 32-bit.
It could address 4 GB of memory.
INTEL 80486
Introduced in 1989.
It was also 32-bit µP.
It had 1.2 million transistors.
Its clock speed varied from 16 MHz to 100 MHz
depending upon the various versions.
INTEL Pentuim
Introduced in 1993
It was also 32-bit µP.
It was originally named 80586.
Its clock speed was 66 MHz.
INTEL Pentuim Pro
Introduced in 1995.
It was also 32-bit µP.
INTEL Pentuim II
Introduced in 1997.
It was also 32-bit µP.
INTEL PentuimII XEON
Introduced in 1998.
It was also 32-bit µP.
INTEL Pentuim III
Introduced in 1999.
It was also 32-bit µP.
INTEL Pentuim IV
Introduced in 2000.
It was also 32-bit µP.
INTEL DUAL CORE
Introduced in 2006.
It is 32-bit or 64-bit µP.
It has two cores.
Both the cores have there own internal bus and L1 cache,
but share the external bus and L2 cache
64-Bit Microprocessors
INTEL CORE 2
Introduced in 2006.
It is a 64-bit µP.
INTEL CORE i7
Introduced in 2008.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 4 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.66 GHz to
3.33 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256
KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache.
INTEL CORE i5
Introduced in 2009.
It is a 64-bit µP.
INTEL CORE i3
Introduced in 2010.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 2 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.93 GHz to
3.33 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 512
KB of L2 cache and 4 MB of L3 cache.
Qualcomm Snapdragon
Processors
History
In 4th Quarter of 2008, the first chips in the Snapdragon family, the
QSD8650 and the QSD8250, were made available.
On 1 June 2010, Qualcomm announced sampling of the MSM8x60
series of Snapdragon SoCs.
On 17 November 2010, Qualcomm announces the roadmap for
Next-Gen Snapdragon SoC development, including the MSM8960,
citing future improvements in CPU and GPU performance and
lower power consumption.
On 3 August 2011, Qualcomm announced a plan to use simple
names (S1, S2, S3 and S4) for Snapdragon processors so that the
public can better understand the products. The higher the number,
the newer generation of SoC it is.
Features
• CPU.
• GPU.
• DSP.
• Battery life.
• Connectivity.
• Audio , Camera.
• Display.
• And many more....
Snapdragon Series
MediaTek Processors
MediaTek Processors Overview
There are five categories of MediaTek processors, each with its own set of strengths,
weaknesses, and demographics: Helio X, Helio P, Mid-Range, 4G LTE (Entry-Level),
and Legacy 3G. For the purposes of this guide we’ve only listed three processors for
each category, and will update each as more are released.
Helio chips are MediaTek’s bleeding edge of innovation.
1) Helio X (Extreme)
Helio X30
Announced: February 2017
2.6GHz Deca-Core (2×2.6GHz, 4×2.2GHz, 4×1.9GHz)
IMG PowerVR 7XTP-MT4 GPU (850MHz)
Up to 8GB RAM
Up to 16MP Dual Sensor Camera
802.11ac WiFi / Bluetooth 5
Features: CorePilot, EnergySmart Screen, Imagiq, MiraVision, Tiny Sensor Hub
2) Helio P (Performance)
Helio P60
Announced: February 2018
Octa-Core 2.0GHz
ARM Mali-G72 MP3 GPU (800MHz)
Up to 8GB RAM
Up to 24+16MP Dual-Sensor Camera;802.11ac WiFi / Bluetooth 4
Features: CorePilot, Imagiq, NeuroPilot, Pump Express, Pump Express Wireless, AI Accelerator
3) Mid-Range
MT6750
Announced: January 2016
Octa-Core 1.5GHz
ARM Mali-T860 MP2 GPU (520MHz)
Up to 24MP Single-Sensor Camera
Up to 4GB RAM
802.11n
Bluetooth 4
4) 4G LTE (Entry-Level)
MT6737
Announced: September 2017
Quad Core 1.5GHz
ARM Mali-T720 MP2 GPU (600MHz)
Up to 13MP Single-Sensor Camera
Up to 3GB RAM
802.11n WiFi / Bluetooth 4
Features: MiraVision, Pump Express 2.0
5. Legacy 3G (Entry-Level)
MT6580
Announced: December 2017
Quad-Core 1.3GHz
ARM Mali-400 MP2 (500Mhz)
Up to 13MP Single Sensor Camera
802.11n WiFi
Bluetooth 4