PART ONE:
INRODUCTION TO
ISLAM.. CONTINUE
Instructor
Syed Tahir Hussain
Lecture Three: Topics
Islamic Worships: Spiritual, Moral and Social
Impacts
Islamic Concept of worship
Salat and Its Impacts
Zakat and its Impacts
Saum and its Impacts
Hajj and its Impacts
Islamic Concept of worship
The word ‘Ibadat’ is derived from ‘Abd’.
Abd means servant or slave
So, Ibadat means Slavery.
Quran Says
ِ نس إِ ََّّل ِليَ ْعبُد
ُون ِ ْ َو َما َخلَ ْقتُ ا ْل ِج َّن َو
َ اْل
(51:56)
I created the jinn and humans for nothing else but that they may serve
Me.
Human beings are creature thus bond-servant of God.
Worships, according to Islam, is a means for the purification of
man’s soul and his practical life.
Pillars of Islam:
ع َم َر رضي هللا عنه قَا َل: ع ِن اب ِْن َُ
َّللا صلى هللا عليه وسلمسو ُل ه ِ قَا َل َر ُ
علَى خ َْمس:
اإل ْس ََل ُم َ
ي ِ «بُنِ َ
َّللا، َّللاُ َوأ َ هن ُم ََح همداا َر ُ
سو ُل ه ِ ش َها َدةِ أ َ ْن ََل ِإلَهَ ِإ هَل هَ
ص ََل ِة،َو ِإقَ ِام ال ه
اء ه
الز َكا ِة، َو ِإيت َ ِ
ج،َوال ََح ِ
ان». ض َ ص ْو ِم َر َم َ َو َ
The five Pillars of Islam are:
The Shahadah (Declaration of faith) –
Trusting and understanding the words of the Shahadah.
"There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad (SAW) is the final messenger.“
Prayer (Salah) –
Charity or alms-giving (Zakat) –
Fasting during the month of Ramadan (Sawm)
A pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) - Muslims should go to Mecca on a pilgrimage.
at least once in their lives.
If means allow it.
Prayer (Salat)
Prayer (Salat) originally carries the meaning of either:
Supplication (du’a);
س َك ٌن له ُه ْم َ ص ِل َعلَ ْي ِه ْم ِإ هن
َ ص ََلت َ َك َ َو
103 اآلية- سورة التوبة
And pray on their behalf. Verily thy prayers are a source of security
for them.
Veneration, or mercy and blessing
س ِل ُموا تَ ْسليما ا َ صلُّوا
َ علَ ْي ِه َو َ علَي النهبِي ِ يا أَيُّ َها الهذينَ م َمنُوا
َ َصلُّون َ ِإ هن ه
َ َُّللا َو َمَلئِ َکتَهُ ي
Allah and His angels bless the Prophet. Believers, invoke blessings and
peace on him.
( سوره اَحزاب56 )ميه
The meaning of Salat as Prayer
The generally recognized act of worship that
contains bowing and prostrating is called
‘salat’
because major parts of it contain acts of
supplicating, the original meaning of the word.
The vast majority of Qur’anic usage of ‘salat’
is of this kind.
It is also argued that salat derives from
veneration (the second possibility listed
above); prayer is thus called because it
contains the veneration of God.
Categories of Prayer:
FARD PRAYERS:
Fard prayers are compulsory. The denial of its compulsory status to render the denier outside the fold of
Islam.
THE 5 DAILY PRAYERS: Fajr, Zohr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha: JUMAH (FRIDAY) PRAYERS: JANAZAH PRAYERS
WAJIB PRAYERS
Some Ulema believe that Wajib prayers are compulsory while others believe Optional
WITR: Witr is performed after the salah of isha’a ,
EID:
SUNNAH PRAYERS:
BEFORE AND AFTER THE 5 DAILY PRAYERS
ISTIKHAARAH, TAHAJJUD, TARAWIH
Nimaz-e-Kasoof: sunnat e muakadah.. Lunar Eclipse,
Nimaz-e-Khasoof: sunnat e muakadah: Solar Eclipse
NAFL PRAYERS
Nafl salah are optional and regarded as extra prayers which bring more reward. They are usually
performed along with the 5 daily prayers, but can be performed at other times as well.
ISHRAQ PRAYER, DUHA PRAYER, TAHIYATUL MASJID,KHAWF, JOURNEY PRAYER
Impacts of Prayer on Human life: Spiritual
Impact
ان الصلواۃ تنہا عن الفحشاء والمنکر
1. Physical cleanliness
2. Closeness to God
3. Purification of Soul
4. Patience
5. Perseverance
6. Sense of duty
7. Practice of Obedience
8. Creating fear of God
9. Awareness of Divine Law
Impacts of Prayer on Human life: Moral
and Social Impact
Moral Impacts Social Impacts:
Punctuality Social organization and
Sense of duty and discipline
responsibility Mosques as Community
Self Discipline Centres
Self Control Mutual Help and Co-
operation
Humility
Equality and Brother hood
Character-Building
Training and Jihad
Bravery
Respect for the rights of
others
Tolerance
Unity
Zakat
It means “purification, growth, giving better part of a
thing.”
Third pillar of Islam.
Nisab of Zakat
1. Silver 200 dirhams or 52½ tolas
2. Gold 7½
3. Goat 40 Camels
4. Cow 30 Cows
5. Merchandise Equal to the price of 52 ½ tolas of Silver.
Whosoever has the above in possession for a period of
one year, Zakat is incumbent on him.
Masarif of Zakat(Those Entitled to receive Zakat)
ِ علَ ْي َها َو ْال ُم َؤلهفَ ِة قُلُوبُ ُه ْم َوفِي ا ِلرقَا
ب ِ َين َو ْالع
َ َام ِلين َ اء َو ْال َم
ِ سا ِك ِ ص َدقَاتُ ِل ْلفُقَ َر
ِإنه َما ال ه
سبِي ِل ۔ َّللا َواب ِْن ال هِ سبِي ِل ه
َ َار ِمينَ َوفِي ِ َو ْالغ
Fuqara (The destitute): Have some money but not sufficient to meet
their needs
Masakin (The poor): very miserable
Amilina-alaiha (Those who are deputed to collect Zakat)
Muallafat-ul-qulub: Those whose heart are to be won over
Fir-riqa (for the ransoming of slaves)
Al-Gharimin (For relieving one from the harden of Debt)
Fi-Sabillah: (In cause of Allah):
Ibn-us-Sabil: (for the hospitality of the wayfarers)
Impacts of Zakat on Human Life:
Spiritual Impacts Moral Impacts:
Zakat Removes Greed
ShieldAgainst Crime
Zakat Removes Loves of
Materialisms Zakat Creates
َحب الدنياء راس الخبائث Generosity
Zakat Brings man Closer to Zakat purifies heart
God and Property
Humanitarian Spirit
Impacts of Zakat on Human Life: Social
Impacts
Individual Welfare lies in Collective Welfare:
Zakat inculcates the spirit of social welfare
Co-operation
Defence of Religion
Distribution of Wealth
Balanced Ideology: (In Tussle of Capitalism and Communism)
SAUM (FASTING):
Fourth Pillar of Islam
Saum literally means to be at rest.
َ ُِين ِمن ََ ْب ِل ُك ْم لَعَلَّ ُك ْم تَت َّق
ون َ علَ الَّذ ِ علَ ْي ُك ُم
َ ِالصيَا ُم َك َما ُكت
َ ب َ ب َ يَا أَيُّ َها الَّذ
َ ِِين آ َمنُوا ُكت
O Believers, the Fast has been made obligatory on you just as it
was prescribed for the followers of the Prophets before you. It is
expected that this will produce piety in you. (2:183)
The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, "When the month of Ramadan
starts, the gates of the heaven are opened and the gates of Hell
are closed and the devils are chained." (Imam Bukhari)
Impacts of Fasting On Human Life
Spiritual Impacts: Moral Impacts:
Dicipline and Self- Building moral Character
Control Fasting control Passion
Attainment of Piety Fasting Destroys the
Obedience to God Pride of Man
Closeness to God Fasting Increase Moral
Fasting Infuses spirit of Resistance of Man
jihad
Shield against Sin
Immunity from Hypocrisy
Humanitarian Spirit
Impacts of Fasting On Society: Social
Impacts
Brotherhood and sympathy
Social Congregation: At the time of Iftari and Tarawih
Social Unity: Muslims from every walk of life fast together.
Economic Benefits: Riches spent more money on poor in
Ramadan.
Hajj (Pilgrimage)
Fifth and Last pillar of Islam
The literal meaning of Hajj in Arabic is “to go out towards a
definite objective”
In Islamic Jurisdiction, its means “to set out for the Ka’bah. It
also means pilgrimage(a journey to a sacred Place).
Upon Whom Hajj is Compulsory:
س ا
ۚ بيَل َ ع ِإلَي ِه
َ ت َم ِن استَطا ِ علَى الن
ِ اس َِح ُّج البَي ِ َو ِ ه
َ ّلِل
And it is the duty of mankind toward Allah to make pilgrimage to
the House —for those who can afford the journey to it.
Impacts of Hajj on Human life: Spiritual and
Moral Impacts
Closeness to God
Inculcates spirit of Jihad
Discipline
Forgiveness of sins
Remembrance of Death: Ihram is like shroud.
Kissing of the Black Stone (Istelam) teaches the visitor to
honour the sunnah and not to oppose the laws of Allah
Slaughters his sacrifice: Creates quality of unselfish concern
for the welfare of others
Simplicity
Hardworking
Impacts of Hajj on Human Society: Social Impacts
Unity of Ummah
Season of Awakening of Islamic World
Manifestation of Strength of Islam
Economic Benefits
Educational Benefits
Animation in Muslim world
Centre of Real Equality
Questions From Past Papers
Describe the importance and philosophy of prayer. Also
explain its individual and collective benefits. (2000)
In the light of 'Inna-as-Salata-tanha-un-al-fahshai-wal-
munkir', Describe the advantages and effects of
prayer? (2012)
While defining Zakat, examine its Socio-Economic
significance in Islamic Society. (2002)
Islam pays a lot of stress on the circulation of money.
Describe in the light of Zakat system. (2008)
Questions From Past Papers
In Islam the purpose of Zakat is purity of wealth, abolishing poverty,
hunger and ignorance but his has not been achieved yet. What pratical
steps are needed for attaining this end?(2009)
All pillars of Islam have philosophy and purpose behind them. Pin point
fact with special reference to Hajj with its individual and collective
benefits. (2004)
Define the doctrine of "Roza" and explain how to achieve the goals of
mutual co-operation and collective justice besides the purification of
individual soul through the application of this doctrine. (2007)
Describe the importance and philosophy of Fasting (SAUM). Also
explain its individual and collective benefits? (2013)
Questions From Past Papers
Write a comprehensive note on zakat system of Islam and its
spiritual, moral impacts and social impacts. (2018)
اخَلقی اور معاشرتی، اسَلم کے نظام زکواة اور اس کے روَحانی
اثرات پر ايک تفصيلی شذره سپرد قلم کريں۔
Who are entitled to receive Zakat according to the Quran?
Elucidating social impact of Zakat, clarify how can poverty be
alleviated with its distribution in Islamic Society. (2017)
قرآن مجيد کے بيان کرده مصارف ذکواة کون کون سے ہيں؟
زکواة کے سماجی اثرات بيان کرتے ہوئے واضح کريں کہ اس
کی تقسيم سے اسَلمی معاشرے ميں غربت کو کيسے کم کيا
THE END
THANK YOU VERY
MUCH
