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Inductive Reasoning in Problem Solving

The document discusses different types of problem solving methods. It defines problems as situations that require resolution but the path is not immediately clear, while drills/exercises have a clear method for resolution. It then describes four methods for solving problems: inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, using patterns, and Polya's four-step problem solving strategy of understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and reviewing the solution. Several example problems are provided and solved using these different reasoning methods.

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1K views18 pages

Inductive Reasoning in Problem Solving

The document discusses different types of problem solving methods. It defines problems as situations that require resolution but the path is not immediately clear, while drills/exercises have a clear method for resolution. It then describes four methods for solving problems: inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, using patterns, and Polya's four-step problem solving strategy of understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and reviewing the solution. Several example problems are provided and solved using these different reasoning methods.

Uploaded by

Yeppeudda
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PROBLEM SOLVING

PROBLEM VS DRILL/EXERCISE
 Problem = is a situation that confronts the learner , that
requires resolution, and for which the path to the answer is
not immediately known.
 Drill/Exercise = a situation that requires resolution but the
method is clear and the way to the answer is easily seen.
Problem Solving
 There is an obstacle that prevents one from seeing a clear
path to the answer
Methods of Solving Problems
1. Inductive Method
2. Deductive Method
3. Using a Pattern
4. Polya’s Problem Solving Strategies
Inductive Reasoning
 Is a process of reaching a general conclusion(conjecture) by
examining specific examples.
Deductive Reasoning
 Is the process of reaching to a conclusion(conjecture) by
applying general assumptions, procedures or principles
Problem Solving with Pattern
= is a method that applies certain pattern to solve for the
unknown value.
Polya’s Problem Solving Strategy
 Understand the Problem
 Devise a plan
 Carry out the plan
 Review the solution
Example Problem Solving
 Pat has red tiles and black tiles. Pat uses the tiles to make a
square shapes. He made the following :

Pat made a shape with 64 tiles. How many were black?


How many were red?
Answer:
 28 Red tiles and 36 Black tiles (inductive reasoning)
Example Problem - Solving
A sequence of four figures is shown below.
Fig2 Fig 3

Fig 1

If the figures were


continued, how many circles
Fig 4
would be there in figure 10?
Answer :
19 circles (inductive reasoning)
Example Problem-Solving
1. Each of four neighbors, Sean, Maria, Sarah and Brian has a
different occupation(editor, banker ,chef or dentist). From
the following clues, determine the occupation of each
neighbor.
a. Maria gets home from work after the banker but before the
dentist.
b. Sarah, who is the last to get home from work, is not an
editor.
c. The dentist and Sarah leave for work at the same time
d. The banker lives next door to Brian.
Answer:
 Sean is the Banker
 Maria is the Editor
 Sarah is the Chef
 Brian is the dentist

(Deductive Reasoning)
Example Problem-Solving
 Find the 20th term of the fibonacci sequence.
Example Problem-Solving
Answer :
6765 (by pattern)
Example Problem-Solving
• Find the product of (x + y)5
Example Problem-Solving
Answer :
X5 + 5x 4 y +10 x 3y 2+ 10 x 2y 3+ 5xy4 + y5
(by pattern)

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