Basic Science

Parasitologi
Naifah Luthfiyah P
15.009
 Filarial Worms

Causing Lymphatic Causing Subcutaneous

Filariasis Filariasis

Wuchereria Brugia Loa loa Onchocerca

bancrofti timori volvulus

Brugia Mansonella
malayi streptocerca

Cause Serous Cavity

Filariasis

Mansonella ozzardi Mansonella perstans

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
Ck Jayaram Paniker, Sougata Ghosh-Paniker's textbook of medical parasitology.-Jaypee Brothers
Medical P (2013)
Ck Jayaram Paniker, Sougata Ghosh-Paniker's textbook of medical parasitology.-Jaypee Brothers
Medical P (2013)
Principles and Practice of Clinical Parasitology, 2001
Ck Jayaram Paniker, Sougata Ghosh-Paniker's textbook of medical parasitology.-Jaypee Brothers
Medical P (2013)
Principles and Practice of Clinical Parasitology, 2001
 Wuchereria bancrofti
• Their lifespan is about 2–3 months.
• The microfilariae show nocturnal periodicity in
peripheral circulation and are present in
peripheral blood only at night (between 10pm
- 2 am)  This coincides with the night biting
habit of the vector mosquito.

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
 Wuchereria bancrofti
Culex quinquefasciatus

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
Mansonia, Anopheles
Brugia malayi
and Aedes

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
Ck Jayaram Paniker, Sougata Ghosh-Paniker's textbook of medical parasitology.-Jaypee Brothers
Medical P (2013)
 Brugia timori
• Life Cycle
– Same as Brugia malayi
• Morphology
– The cephalic space ratio is 3:1.

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
 Loa loa
• may also occur in the subconjunctival tissue.
• Adults live for 10–15 years.
• Morphology
– The microfilariae
• appear in peripheral circulation only during the day
from 12 noon to 2 pm (diurnal periodicity).

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
Loa loa

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
Onchocerca volvulus
• Morphology
– The microfilariae
• Measure about 300 μm in
length.
• Found in the skin and
subcutaneous lymphatics
in the vicinity of parent
worms.
• May also be found in the
eye and not in peripheral
blood.

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
Onchocerca volvulus

Medical-Parasitology-A-Textbook(Springer), 2017
 SEROUS CAVITY FILARIASIS
Mansonella Ozzardi Mansonella Perstans
• Also known as Acanthocheilonema,
• M. ozzardi is a new world filaria Dipetalonema, or Tetrapetalonema
seen only in Central and South perstans,
America and the West Indies. • Distributed in tropical Africa and
• The adult worms are found in the coastal South America.
peritoneal and pleural cavities of • The adult worms live in the body
humans. cavities of humans, mainly in
peritoneum, less often in pleura,
• The nonperiodic unsheathed and rarely in pericardium.
microfi lariae are found in the • Vectors are Culicoides species.
blood. • Infection is generally
• Culicoides species are the vectors. asymptomatic, though it has been
claimed that it causes transient
• Infection does not cause any abdominal pain, rashes,
illness. angioedema and malaise.

Ck Jayaram Paniker, Sougata Ghosh-Paniker's textbook of medical parasitology.-Jaypee Brothers

Medical P (2013)
Vektor Filariasis
Mosquito eggs
• Mansonia
tinggal di
bawah
tanaman air

Human-Parasitology, 4th Edition, 2013

Larva Nyamuk

Human-Parasitology, 4th Edition, 2013

Nyamuk Dewasa

Human-Parasitology, 4th Edition, 2013

Culex quinquefasciatus
Taksonomi
• Phylum : Arthropoda
• Classis : Insecta
• Subclassis : Pterygota
• Ordo : Diptera
• Subordo : Nematocera
• Familia : Culicidae
• Subfamilia : Culicianae
• Genus : Culex
• Spesies : Culex quinquefasciatus
 Culex quinquefasciatus
Siklus Hidup
• Seluruh siklus hidup Culex
quinquefasciatus mulai dari
telur hingga dewasa
membutuhkan waktu
sekitar 14 hari.
• Untuk bertelur, nyamuk
betina akan mencari tempat
yang sesuai seperti
genangan air yang lembab.
 Culex quinquefasciatus

1st Larva Stage 2nd Larva Stage 3rd Larva Stage 4th Larva Stage
• Berukuran paling • Berukuran 2,5 – • Berukuran 4 – 5 • Berukuran paling
kecil yaitu 1 – 2 3,5 mm pada 2 – mm atau 3 – 4 besar yaitu 5 – 6
mm pada 1 – 2 3 hari setelah hari setelah telur mm atau 4 – 6
hari setelah telur menetas menetas. hari setelah telur
menetas. menetas
 Mansonia sp.
Taksonomi
• Kingdom : Animalia
• Filum : Arthropoda
• Class : Insecta
• Ordo : Diptera
• Genus : Mansonia
 Mansonia sp.
Habitat Life Cycle
• Berasosiasi dengan rawa -
rawa, sungai besar di tepi
hutan atau dalam hutan,
larvae dan pupa melekat
dengan sifonnya pada akar
ranting tanaman air,seperti
enceng gondok, teratai,
kangkung, dan sebagainya
 Chyrsops spp.
Taksonomi
• Kingdom : Animalia
• Phylum : Arthropoda
• Subphylum : Hexapoda
• Class : Insecta
• Ordo : Diptera
• Family : Tabanidae (Horse
and Deer Flies)
• Subfamily : Chrysopsinae
• Genus : Chrysops
Chyrsops spp.
 Simulium spp.
Taksonomi
• Kingdom : Animalia
• Phylum : Arthropoda
• Subphylum : Hexapoda
• Class : Insecta
• Ordo : Diptera
• Family : Simuliidae (Black
Flies)
• Genus : Simulium
Simulium spp.
 Culicoides

Taksonomi
• Kingdom : Animalia
• Phylum : Arthropoda
• Subphylum : Hexapoda
• Class : Insecta
• Ordo : Diptera
• Family : Ceratopogonidae
• Subfamily :
Ceratopogoninae
• Genus : Culicoides
Life Cycle of Culicoides