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Slope and Average Velocity Problems

The document discusses several topics: 1) Calculating tangent lines and slopes at different points on a quadratic function. 2) Using a graph to calculate the average velocity of a car over different time periods. 3) Calculating the area of different rectangles using the formula of length times width. 4) Calculating the average rate of change of temperature between two times using the formula of change in temperature over change in time.

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Alan Peter
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13 views18 pages

Slope and Average Velocity Problems

The document discusses several topics: 1) Calculating tangent lines and slopes at different points on a quadratic function. 2) Using a graph to calculate the average velocity of a car over different time periods. 3) Calculating the area of different rectangles using the formula of length times width. 4) Calculating the average rate of change of temperature between two times using the formula of change in temperature over change in time.

Uploaded by

Alan Peter
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tangent Lines, Velocities, and

Growth
1a
Get the y value if x=2.97

𝑦 = 𝑥2
𝑦 = 2.972
𝑦 = 8.8209

Thus, the new point is (2.97, 8.8209).


1a
The next step is to get the slope between the given point (3,9) and
(2.97, 8.8209).
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1

9 − 8.8209
𝑚=
3 − 2.97

𝑚 = 5.97

Thus, the slope is 5.97


1b
Get the y value if x=3.001

𝑦 = 𝑥2
𝑦 = 3.0012
𝑦 = 9.006001
Thus, the new point is (3.001, 9.006001).
1b
The next step is to get the slope between the given point (3,9) and
(3.001, 9.006001).
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1

9 − 9.006001
𝑚=
3 − 3.001

𝑚 = 6.001
Thus, the slope is 6.00
1c
Get the y value if x=3+h

𝑦 = 𝑥2
𝑦 = (3 + ℎ)2
𝑦 = 9 + 6ℎ + ℎ2

Thus, the new point is (3+h, 9 + 6ℎ + ℎ2 ).


1c
The next step is to use the formula:
𝑓 𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑚=
ℎ
𝑓 3 + ℎ − 𝑓(3)
𝑚=
ℎ

(9 + 6ℎ + ℎ2 ) − 9
𝑚=
ℎ

𝑚 =6+ℎ

Thus, the slope is 6+h


1d
To solve this problem, we need to let h=0.

𝑚 =6+ℎ

𝑚=6

Thus, the slope is 6.


1d
• Another approach:

Notice that both the slope at x=2.97 and x=3.001 approaches 6. It


simply means that when h is smaller, then the slope is 6.
2a
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

Based on the graph,


At t= 10 s, the car is at 100 ft.
At t= 30 s, the car is at *75 ft.

75 𝑓𝑡 − 100 𝑓𝑡
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
30𝑠 − 10 𝑠

𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = −1.25 𝑓𝑡/𝑠


2b
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

Based on the graph,


At t= 20 s, the car is at 200 ft.
At t= 25 s, the car is at 100 ft.

100 𝑓𝑡 − 200 𝑓𝑡
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
25𝑠 − 20 𝑠

𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = −5 𝑓𝑡/𝑠


3a
To solve this problem, get the area using the formula:

𝐴 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ


Then,
𝐴 = 2.5 3
𝐴 = 7.5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2
3b
To solve this problem, get the area using the formula:

𝐴 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ


Then,
𝐴𝑥=4 = (4)(3)
𝐴𝑥=4 = 12 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2
And
𝐴𝑥=1 = (1)(3)
𝐴𝑥=4 = 3 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2

Thus, 𝐴 4 − 𝐴 1 = 9 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2
4
Since we are considering two t’s, then we are asked to find the average
rate of change.
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝
𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝 =
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
At t= 1PM, the temperature is 80℉
At t=7PM, the temperature is 70℉
70℉ − 80℉
𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝 =
6 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠

𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝 = −1.67 ℉/ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟

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