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Types of Computer Networks Explained

Networks connect computing devices through physical or wireless connections to share resources and information. The ARPANET funded by ARPA in 1969 was an early operational network. Common network types include local area networks (LANs) within a small geographic area like a building, metropolitan area networks (MANs) connecting multiple LANs within a city, and wide area networks (WANs) spanning broad geographic areas like the Internet. Network topologies determine how nodes are physically linked in a ring, star, or bus configuration. Networks have enabled e-commerce growth and globalization by facilitating information sharing and communication worldwide.

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Saad Shaikh
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6 views10 pages

Types of Computer Networks Explained

Networks connect computing devices through physical or wireless connections to share resources and information. The ARPANET funded by ARPA in 1969 was an early operational network. Common network types include local area networks (LANs) within a small geographic area like a building, metropolitan area networks (MANs) connecting multiple LANs within a city, and wide area networks (WANs) spanning broad geographic areas like the Internet. Network topologies determine how nodes are physically linked in a ring, star, or bus configuration. Networks have enabled e-commerce growth and globalization by facilitating information sharing and communication worldwide.

Uploaded by

Saad Shaikh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NETWORKS AND ITS TYPES

Sa’ad Shaikh
NETWORK
• Series of points or nodes inter connected by
communication paths.
• Set of two or more articles linked so that they can
share resources and information.
• Connections between computing devices can be
physical using wires or cables or wireless using
radio waves or infrared signals
• There can be many subnetworks within networks.
HISTORY OF NETWORKS
• The Advanced Research Projects Agency(ARPA) funded
the design of the ‘Advanced Research Projects Agency
Network’ (ARPANET).
• First operational nework in 1969.
• Development of Ethernet ,which drives most local area
networks, in the years- 1981-1982
• Novell and CISCO began to develop more complex
networking hubs, bridges, routers and other equipment by
the mid 1980's.
CONCEPTS IN NETWORKING
Protocol
A set of rules that defines how data is formatted and
processed on a network; i.e., rules that allow
client/server interaction

File server
A computer that stores and manages files for multiple users
on a network
Web server
A computer dedicated to responding to requests (from the
browser client) for web pages
TYPES OF NETWORKS
• Three basic types of networks:

– Local Area Network (LAN)

– Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

– Wide Area Network (WAN)


LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) :
• LAN is a small network that is confined to a relatively
small geographic area.
• Networks within a library, school or building.
• Characteristics of LAN:
– High data transfer rates
– Smaller geographical area
– Lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines.
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK(MAN):
• MAN connects two or more LAN’s together.
• Does not span outside the boundaries of a metropolitan
area.
• Characteristics of MAN:
– Moderate-High data transfer rates between the network.
– Wider geographic area of working as compared to LAN.
– Linked by either microwaves, radio or infrared lasers.
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN) :
• WAN is a network which covers a broad area.
• Largest and most well-known example of WAN is the
Internet
• Characteristics of WAN:
– Slower data transfer within the network
– Very wide, broad geographic area.
– Requires leased lines and satellite waves for linking.
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
• It is the physical connections of the elements of a
computer network
• There are three basic topologies:
– Ring Topology connects all nodes in a closed loop on which
messages travel in one direction
– Star Topology centers around one node to which all others are
connected and through which all messages are sent
– Bus Topology nodes are connected to a single communication
line that carries messages in both directions
CONCLUSION
• Networks have played a major role in
expansion of e-commerce
• Helped extensively in the process of
globalization
• Internet, a major source of information and
means of communication
• More business opportunities available

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