PHILIPPINE GRID

CODE
The Philippine Grid Code establishes and documents the basic
rules, requirements, procedures and standards that govern the
operation, maintenance and development of the high-voltage
backbone transmission system in the Philippines.
CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

 Contains the general provisions that apply to all the other

Chapters of the Grid Code. It specifies the authority of the
Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) to promulgate and
enforce the Grid Code. It also contains articles on definition of
terms, abbreviations, and construction of references used in
the Grid Code.
 Scope of Application
Unless specifically provided otherwise in the succeeding Chapters, this
Philippine Grid Code applies to the following entities:
(a) Transmission Network Provider;
(b) System Operator;
(c) Market Operator;
(d) Generation Companies;
(e) Distribution Utilities;
(f) Suppliers; and
(g) Any other entity with a User System connected to the Grid.

CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

 Enforcement and Suspension of Provisions

Enforcement
 The Act assigns to the ERC the responsibility of enforcing the
Philippine Grid Code.
 The ERC shall establish the Grid Management Committee (GMC) to
monitor Philippine Grid Code compliance at the planning and
operations level and to submit regular and special reports pertaining
to Grid planning and Grid operations.
 The GMC shall also initiate an enforcement process for any perceived
violations of Philippine Grid Code provisions and recommend to the
ERC the appropriate fines and penalties for such violations.

CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

 Enforcement and Suspension of Provisions

Suspension of Provisions
 Any provision of the Philippine Grid Code may be suspended,
in whole or in part, when the Grid is not operating in the
Normal State or pursuant to any directive given by the ERC or
the appropriate government agency.

CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

Data, Notices and Confidentiality

Data and Notices

 The submission of any data under the Philippine Grid Code
shall be done through electronic format or any suitable
format agreed upon by the concerned parties.

 Written notices under the Philippine Grid Code shall be

served either by hand delivery, registered first-class mail, or
facsimile transfer.

CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

Data, Notices and Confidentiality

Confidentiality
 All data submitted by any User of the Grid to the Transmission Network
Provider, System Operator or Market Operator in compliance with the
data requirements of the Philippine Grid Code shall be treated by the
Transmission Network Provider, System Operator, or Market Operator as
confidential. These include data requirements for connection to the Grid
and those that are required in the planning, operation, and maintenance
of the Grid.

CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

Construction of References

References
 Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to a particular
Chapter, Article, Section, Subsection, or Appendix of the Philippine Grid
Code shall be applicable only to that Chapter, Article, Section,
Subsection, or Appendix to which the reference is made.

Cross-References
 A cross-reference to another document shall not in any way impose any
condition or modify the material contained in the document where such
cross-reference is made.
CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS
 Definition and Acronyms

CHAPTER 1 – GRID CODE GENERAL CONDITIONS

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

 It specifies the guidelines for Grid Management, the

procedure for dispute resolution, the required
Operational reports and the process for Grid Code
enforcement and revision.
Function of the Grid Management Committee

 Monitor the implementation of the Grid Code

 Monitor, evaluate, and make recommendations on Grid
operations
 Review and recommend standards, procedures, and
requirements for Grid connection, operation, maintenance,
and development
 Coordinate Grid Code dispute resolution and make
appropriate recommendations thereon to the ERC

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Function of the Grid Management Committee

 Initiate the Grid Code enforcement process and make

recommendations thereon to the ERC
 Initiate and coordinate revisions of the Grid Code and make
recommendations to the ERC
 Prepare regular and special reports for submission to the ERC,
or as required by the appropriate government agency, or
when requested by a Grid User

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Membership of the Grid Management Committee
The GMC shall be composed of the following members who shall be
appointed by the ERC:
One (1) member nominated by the System Operator
One (1) member nominated by the Transmission Network Provider
One (1) member nominated by the Market Operator
Three (3) members nominated by Large Generation Companies
One (1) member nominated by non-large Generation Companies

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Membership of the Grid Management Committee
The GMC shall be composed of the following members who shall be
appointed by the ERC:
Three (3) members nominated by private and local government
Distribution Utilities
Three (3) members nominated by Electric Cooperatives, one (1) each
from Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
One (1) member nominated by Supplier
One (1) member nominated by Large Customers.

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Membership of the Grid Management Committee

The Chairman of the GMC shall be selected by the ERC from a

list of three (3) members nominated by the GMC.

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

GMC Rules and Procedures

1. Administration and operation of the Committee

2. Establishment and operation of GMC subcommittees
3. Evaluation of Grid operations reports
4. Managing queries on the application and/or interpretation
of any provisions of the Philippine Grid Code
5. Monitoring of Philippine Grid Code enforcement

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

GMC Rules and Procedures

6. Revision of Philippine Grid Code provisions

7. Review of the Transmission Development Plan
8. Review of major Grid reinforcement and expansion projects
9. Coordination with the Market Operator.

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Grid Management Subcommittees

 Grid Planning Subcommittee

 Grid Operations Subcommittee
 Grid Reliability Subcommittee
 Grid Protection Subcommittee
 Grid Code Compliance Subcommittee
 Rules Revision Subcommittee
 Other Grid Subcommittees

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

 Application and Interpretation of
Philippine Grid Code Provision

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Philippine Grid Code Enforcement and Revision
Process

■ Enforcement Process
■ Fines and Penalties
■ Unforeseen Circumstances
■ Philippine Grid Code Revision Process

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Significant Incident
The following are considered Significant Incidents
1. Multiple Transmission Facility tripping. (more than one
Transmission Line and/or Transformer Outage)
2. Generating Plant tripping resulting in Automatic Load
Dropping
3. Yellow or Red Alerts status
4. Loss of large Load resulting in Frequency higher than 61 hertz
5. Islanding Operation
6. Partial System Blackout or Total System Blackout.

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

Submission of Significant Incident Reports
1. Within two (2) weeks following the Significant Incident in the Grid, the
System Operator shall submit to the GMC and ERC a final report
providing in detail the sequence of events pertaining to the incident
2. Regular report as required for specific Events shall continue to be
submitted until the resolution of the incident.
3. Within two (2) months following the complete submission of the
Significant Incident report by System Operator and other Users
involved, the GMC shall validate such report and make
recommendations to the ERC.
4. A monthly summary of all Significant Incident reports shall be
prepared by the System Operator for submission to the GMC and ERC.

CHAPTER 2 – GRID MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 3 – PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION

 It provides standards, requirements, guidelines and

monitoring on the requirements to promote FOREWORD
PHILIPPINE GRID CODE Reliability of the Grid. (Related to
Performance Incentive Scheme (PIS) of the Transmission
Network Provider)
Power Quality Standards

■ Power quality problems

■ Frequency variations
■ Voltage variations
■ Harmonics
■ Voltage unbalance
■ Voltage fluctuation and flicker severity
■ Transient voltage variations

CHAPTER 3 – PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION

Reliability Standards
Criteria for Establishing Transmission Reliability Standards
The ERC shall impose a system of recording and reporting of Grid Reliability
performance. This performance shall be measured through a set of Reliability
Performance Indicators that will be included in the Performance Incentive
Scheme prescribed by the ERC at each Regulatory Period. These Reliability
Performance Indicators will measure:
a) The overall performance of the Grid;
b) The performance of specific Equipment; and
c) The performance at Connection Points.

CHAPTER 3 – PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION

Transmission Reliability Performance Indicators

The ERC shall prescribe, after due notice and hearing, Reliability
Performance Indicators that will:
a) Measure the total number of power Interruptions in the Grid;
b) Measure the total duration of power Interruptions in the
Grid; and
c) Measure other parameters affecting the Reliability
performance of the Grid.

CHAPTER 3 – PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION

Inclusions and Exclusions of Interruption Events
 A power Interruption shall include any Outage in the Grid which may be
due to the tripping action of Protective Devices during faults or the
failure of transmission lines and/or power Transformers, and which
results in the loss of service to a User/s of the Grid.

Submission of Reliability Reports and Performance Targets

 The Transmission Network Provider and the System Operator shall
submit every three (3) months the monthly Interruption reports for each
Grid using the standard format prescribed by the ERC.

CHAPTER 3 – PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION

System Loss Standards
System Loss Classifications
1. The Technical Loss shall be the aggregate of conductor loss, the core
loss in Transformers, and any loss due to technical metering error.
2. The Non-Technical Loss shall be the aggregate of the Energy loss due to
meter-reading errors and meter tampering.

System Loss Cap

 The ERC shall, after due notice and hearing, prescribe a cap on the
System Loss that can be passed on by the Transmission Network Provider
to the Users of the Grid. The cap shall be applied to the aggregate of the
Technical and Non-Technical Losses.

CHAPTER 3 – PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

 Specifies the minimum technical, design and operational

criteria and the procedures to be complied with by any User
who is connected or seeking connection to the Grid and the
minimum technical, design and operational criteria of the Grid
Owner at the Connection Site with Users. It also presents a
unified listing of all the data required by the System Operator
from Users and by Users from the Grid Owner.
Grid Technical, Design, and
Operational Criteria

■ Power Quality Standards ■ Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker

■ Frequency Variations Severity
■ Voltage Variations ■ Transient Voltage Variations
■ Power Factor ■ Grounding Requirements
■ Harmonics ■ Equipment Standards
■ Voltage Unbalance ■ Maintenance Standards

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

Procedures for Grid Connection or Modification
■ Connection agreement with the Transmission Network Provider
■ Amended connection agreement Transmission Network Provider
■ Impact studies
■ Application for Connection or Modification
■ Processing of Application

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

Requirements for Large and non-large Generating Plants
■ Generic requirements for all large generating plants
■ Specific requirements for conventional large generating plants
■ Specific requirements for large wind farms
■ Specific requirements for large photovoltaic generation systems

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

Requirements for Distribution Utilities and Other Users of the Grid

1. Requirements relating to the connection point

■ The Distribution Utility’s or other Grid User’s Equipment shall be
connected to the Grid at Voltage level(s)
■ All substations shall be controlled by Circuit Breakers
■ Disconnect switches shall also be provided and arranged to isolate the
Circuit Breaker for maintenance purposes.

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

Requirements for Distribution Utilities and Other Users of the Grid

2. Transformer Connection and Grounding

3. Under-Frequency Relays for Automatic Load Dropping
4. Power Quality Requirement

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

Electrical Diagram Requirements
1. Responsibilities of the Transmission Network Provider and Users
■ The Transmission Network Provider shall specify the procedure and
format to be followed in the preparation of the Electrical Diagrams
■ The User shall prepare and submit to the Transmission Network
Provider an Electrical Diagram for all the Equipment on the User’s side
of the Connection Point.
■ The Transmission Network Provider shall provide the User with an
Electrical Diagram for all the Equipment on the Transmission Network
Provider’s side of the Connection Point.
■ Shall prepare and distribute the composite Electrical Diagram for the
entire Connection Point.

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

2. Preparation of Electrical Diagrams
The Electrical Diagrams shall provide an accurate record of the layout and
circuit connections, ratings and identification of Equipment, and related
apparatus and devices at the Connection Point.
3. Changes to Electrical Diagrams
4. Validity to Electrical Diagrams

CHAPTER 4 – GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

CHAPTER 5 – GRID PLANNING

 Specifies the technical and design criteria and procedures to

be applied by the System Operator and Grid Owner in
planning the development or reinforcement of the Grid and to
be taken into account by Users in planning the expansion of
their own Systems. Articles on Demand Forecasts and required
technical planning studies are also included in this Chapter.
Grid Planning Responsibilities and Procedures
■ Grid Planning Responsibilities
■ Submission of Planning Data
■ Evaluation of Grid Expansion Project
■ Evaluation of Proposed User Development
■ Preparation of TDP

CHAPTER 5 – GRID PLANNING

Grid Planning Studies
■ Grid Planning Studies to be
conducted
■ Reliability Analysis
■ Load Flow Study ■ Power Quality Analysis
■ Short Circuit Study ■ Congestion Analysis
■ Transient Stability Study
■ Steady-State Stability Analysis
■ Voltage Stability Analysis
■ Electromagnetic Transient
Analysis

CHAPTER 5 – GRID PLANNING

Standard Planning Data
■ Historical Energy and Demand
■ Energy and Demand Forecast
■ Generating Unit Data
■ User System Data

Detailed Planning Data

■ Generating Unit and Generating Plant Data

CHAPTER 5 – GRID PLANNING