Biosorption of Metals by Bioma

ss in Fixed-Bed Column

Advisor: Walter Den ． Dan Lee

Student: Yu -Ting Zhou
Yan - Xun Lu
Yong - Cheng Guo
 Outline
★ Introduction
★Objectives and scopes
★ Materials and methods
★ Future work
★ References

2
 Introduction(1/8)
★ That discharge industrial sewage
containing the excess heavy metals that
influences human function and health.

3
 Introduction(2/8)
Table 1. Technologies for metals removal.

Technologies
Chemical precipitation and filtration
Chemical oxidation or reduction
Electrochemical treatment
Reverse osmosis
Ion Exchange
Evaporation
Biosorption 4
(Volesky, 2000 ;Chang et al ., 1997)
 Introduction(3/8)
Biosorption
★Advantages:
- Have high density functional group
- Naturally can be acclimation
- Recycling
- Not to increase COD value in wastewater
★ Disadvantages:
- too slowly
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 Introduction(4/8)
★ Adsorption of heavy metals :
- Bounding to cell surface
- Algae gel adsorption

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(Bohumil and Zdenek, 1995)
 Introduction(5/8)
Biosorption treatment mechanism:
★ Extracellular accumulation
★ Intracellular accumulation
★ Bounding to the cells surface

(Chen et al., 2000;Gadd, 1988) 7

 Introduction(6/8)

Algae gel adsorption mechanism

★ Electrostatic
★ Chelation

8
( Jang, 1990 )
 Introduction(7/8)
★Biofilter
In general, a reactor designs good or bad will
direct reflect on the removal rate. For giving th
e best removal ability of microorganism , a go
od reactor is the most important for biosorptio
n.

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 Introduction(8/8)
Bioreactor
★Mechanical dasher tank
★Fixed-bed
★fluidized-bed

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 Introduction(9/9)
Mechanical dasher tank Fixed-bed fluidized-bed

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 Objectives and scopes
★Find the parameter of the modelmass transfe
r and axial dispersion coeffcientswere adjust
ed from the experimental data.
★Proved the model adequate to decribe biosorpt
ion dynamics in fixed-bed column.

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Materials and methods(1/9)
Piysics Definition

Set up mathematic model

Select numerical value

analytical method

Desing experiment

Experiment result and OK = model is

Not ok
mathematic model validated

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Materials and methods(9/9)

150rpm at
About 16-
24 hour

Fig.1 Cell immobilization

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( Leah and Kimberly, 2003)
 Materials and methods(10/9)

aeration

Pump
Q=0.6
ml/min Discharge exit

Fig.2 Continuous-flow tank reactor 15

( Leah and Kimberly, 2003)
Materials and methods(10/9)
C (Z t) C=metals concentration
t =time
Z=L
Z=distance
u=fiow velocity
q=conc. of metal in
L △Z
the alage
ε=porosity
ρ=bed density
Z=0

C0

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 Materials and methods(10/9)
C
u Z Uc z+△z

u CZ

 b q

2
 C
△Z
D Z 2  b t

ucz

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 Materials and methods(10/9)
★Mass balance

 b q
u  D 
2
C C  C
t Z Z 2  b t

Let
 tu
L
Let C

t  uL
 Z C
Z 
Z  L
t L
u
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 Materials and methods(10/9)
C
t  C
  uL 
 u
L
 C


b q
 b t
u C
Z u C
  L   u
L
 C


D 2C
Z 2 D    2C
  L  2  D
L2
2C
 2

 b q
 B t         
b
b
q
 ut
b
b
u
L
q
 19
 Materials and methods(10/9)

 
u
L
C
  u
L
 C
   D
L2
 2C
 2
   
b
b
u
L
q


u
同除 L
C
  C
  D
Lu
  2C
 2
  
b
b
q

D
Lu  1
Pe Pe 為 peclet number
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 Materials and methods(10/9)
★Initial condition

C   ,  0   C0
★Boundary condition

C
   0   Pe  C  0,   C F 
C
  1 0
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 Materials and methods(10/9)
★Boundary condition

C
   0   Pe  C  0,   C F 
 1

CF

C    0,   0
 0
22
CF
 Materials and methods(10/9)
★Boundary condition

 1 
C
 0
 1

 0
23
CF
 Materials and methods(10/9)
★Initial condition

q   ,   0   q0
★Adsorption rate
q
   Shm  q  qeq 
★Coupling condition
q max bCeq
q eq  1 bCeq 24
 Future work
★Use the numerical value analytical meth
od to proved the model adequate to decrib
e biosorption dynamics in fixed-bed colu
mn.

25
 References (1/2)
• Leah C. Stanley, Kimberly L. Ogden. 2003. Biosorption of copper (II) fro
m chemical mechanical planarization wastewaters. Journal of Environment
al Management 69 ： 289–297.
• Kimberly L. Ogden and Anthony J. Muscat, Leah C. Stanley. Investigating
the use of biosorption to treat copper CMP wastewater. Green and clean. Ju
ly/August 2001.
• Wang Jianlong. 2002. Biosorption of copper(II) by chemically modified b
iomass of Saccharomyces cereisiae. Process Biochemistry 37 ： 847–850.
• Yesim Sag, Berya Tatar, Tulin Kutsal. 2003. Biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu
(II) by activated sludge in batch and continuous-flow stirred reactors. Biore
source Technology 87 ： 27–33.
• Kuyucak, N., Volesky, B., 1988 , Biosorbent for recovery of metals from i
ndustrial solutions. Biotechnol. Lett. 10:137 142.
• Marshall S., 1976 ,Environmental Sources and Emissions Handbook, Noye
s Data Corporation, London.

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 References (2/2)
• N. Rangsayatorna, P. Pokethitiyooka, E.S. Upathamb, G.R. Lanza. 2004.
Cadmium biosorption by cells of Spirulina platensis TISTR 8217 immobili
zed in alginate and silica gel. Environment International 30 ： 57– 63.
• Lyle Kirman. 1998. copper removal from cmp wasetewater. Prepared for
SEMATECH MEETING, SAN JOSE, CA.
• B. Volesk and Z. R. Holan. 1995. Biosorption of heavy metals. Biotechn
ol. Prog. 11:235-250.
• Kaewsarn P., 2002 , Biosorption of copper(II) from aqueous solutions by p
re-treated biomass of marine algae Padina sp, Chemosphere 47 : 1081 108
5.
• Ogden, K.L., Muscat, A., Stanley, L.C., 2001,Investigating the use of bios
orption to treat copper CMP wastewater. Micro 19 (7): 81 96.
• Sag Y., T. Kutsal, 1995 ,Biosorption of heavy metals by ZoogZea ramigera
: use of adsorption isotherms and a comparison of biosorption characteristi
cs , The Chemical Engineering Journal 60:181-188

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Thanks for your attention

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