INTEGRATED TERM PROJECT-2
SEWING THREADS
PREPARED BY:
PRASHANT KUMAR
SANDEEP RANJAN
THREADS
• Thread is a tightly twisted strand of two or
more plys of yarn that are circular when cut in
cross section.
• Thread has been essential to humans since
the first garments were made for warmth and
protection.
TYPES OF THREADS
• Spun synthetic thread
• Core Spun Threads
• Continuous Filament Threads
• Embroidery threads
SPUN SYNTHETIC THREAD AND CORE SPUN THREADS
• Continuous, fine, • Combination of staple
parallel filaments in a and filament fibers.
long band. • High strength
• High tenacity. • High tenacity
• High abrasion • More costly than spun
resistance synthetic threads
• High strength and
elongation
CONTINUOUS FILAMENTS THREADS AND
EMBROIDERY THREADS
• Produced from • For decorative purpose
continuous synthetic • Color and luster
filaments. required
• Higher strength • Made from long staple
• Better tenacity yarns
• Least bulkiness. • Mostly viscose rayon
• Filament threads are used.
stronger than spun
threads.
TYPES OF CONTINUOUS FILAMENT
THREADS:
• Monofilament threads
• Multifilament threads
• Textured threads
Monofilament Threads
• Single continuous filament
• Strong and uniform
• Minimum breakage
Multifilament Threads
• Single, plied or cabled
• High strength
• Good abrasion resistance
Multifilament threads can be put in three
categories:
Lubricated multifilament threads:
• Treated with special lubricant
• Good loop formation and stitch locking
Bonded multifilament threads:
• Special bonding process for plies
• Protects from heat
Braided multifilament threads:
• For appearance
• Either lubricated or waxed
Textured Threads
• Soft bulky and silky
• Excellent coverage for seam and rolled edges
Different types of technology for texturizing threads
are:
False twist textured filament threads
Air textured filament threads
Air-jet intermingled polyester filament threads
False twist textured filament threads:
• Continuous filament yarn is subjected to rotational
forces with the help of a false-twist spindle and then
subjected to heat.
• Very soft bulky and extensible
Air textured filament threads:
• Multiple continuous filaments are textured through
two pairs of rollers
• Gives discontinuous surface and reduce fusion
Air-jet intermingled polyester filament threads:
• Continuous filament core, surrounded by filament
that has been entangled by an air-jet.
• Increases cohesion and reduces twist
Embroidery threads
• Decorative purpose • Medici or border medici
• Color and luster are • Crewel yarn
main requirement • Persian yarn
Threads for hand • Tapestry yarn or
embroidery tapestry wool
• Embroidery floss or Threads for machine
standard cotton embroidery
• Perle cotton • Polyester or rayon
• Matte embroidery
cotton
Manufacturing process
Silk thread (Nett silk or soft silk)
• Cocoons containing pupas are heated with air.
• Cocoons are immersed in water and brushing motion
un warps silk
Schappe silk
• Cocoons passed through steel rollers with combs to
produce bundles
• Several bundles grouped together, combed and
resulting roving.
Cotton thread
• Picked from cotton and compressed into large bales.
• Bale is broken, combed, cleaned, mixed and resulting
in laps.
• Laps are fed into a carding machine and fibers are
separated.
Polyester thread
• From petroleum through cracking process.
• Xylene is generated. Nitric acid and glycol added.
• Fluid is heated and condensed in an autoclave, and
the molecules align to form long molecules called
polyester.
• Resulting extruded, cooled with water and cut into
chips. And sent for spinning.
Dyeing and packaging finished thread
• Dye is mixed in large vats.
• Manufactured threads are lowered into pressurized
vessels and dyes are released.
• Dried for 24 hours.
• Dyed thread is wound on smaller spools
• Spools are packed into boxes.
• Optical devices monitor are used for the spool
winding and packing processes
THREAD SIZING
Direct count system Indirect count system
• Length is constant, weight • Weight is constant, length
is variable. is variable.
• Tex =(weight in grams/length • Metric = length in meters/
weight in 1 gram
in meters)*1000
• Denier =(weight in grams/length
in meters)*9000
WHAT MAKES A GOOD THREAD?
• Elongation
• Uniformity
• Ply security
• Lubricity
• Strength
• Twist
THANK YOU