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Understanding Programmable Logic Controllers

The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses that PLCs are digital computers used for automation in factories and other applications. The key components of a PLC include a CPU, power supply, memory unit, programming device, input/output sections, and optional expansion modules. PLCs operate by continuously scanning input signals, executing a stored program to control outputs, and updating diagnostics. Programming involves connecting a PLC to a programming device and using software to create ladder logic programs. PLCs offer advantages like flexibility, ease of changes, reliability, and eliminating wiring, but also have disadvantages such as initial costs and requiring skilled workers.

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Billy Rian Siregar
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15 views16 pages

Understanding Programmable Logic Controllers

The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses that PLCs are digital computers used for automation in factories and other applications. The key components of a PLC include a CPU, power supply, memory unit, programming device, input/output sections, and optional expansion modules. PLCs operate by continuously scanning input signals, executing a stored program to control outputs, and updating diagnostics. Programming involves connecting a PLC to a programming device and using software to create ladder logic programs. PLCs offer advantages like flexibility, ease of changes, reliability, and eliminating wiring, but also have disadvantages such as initial costs and requiring skilled workers.

Uploaded by

Billy Rian Siregar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC

CONTROLLER

PRESENTED BY :
MANISH KUMAR SHARMA
B. TECH . IV th year
7EC042
CONTENTS

[Link]

[Link] it Works
>Components
> Operation
>Ladder Diagram and Programming

[Link] and Disadvantages

2
Introduction
A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a digital
computer used for automation of electromechanical processes,
such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines,
control of amusement rides, or control of lighting fixtures.
Programmable logic controllers are the most widely used
electronic devices in the control of production and assembly
process in most automated factories due to its simplicity and
versatility.
A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a user-friendly,
microprocessor-based, specialized computer carrying out
control functions of many types and levels of complexity in
industrial applications.

3
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS
(PLC)

4
How it works
PLC Components:

5
CPU: is the unit containing the microprocessor

. Power supply unit: is needed to convert the mains A.C.


voltage to low D.C. Voltage.

6
Memory unit: is where the
program is stored that is to be
used for control actions.

Programming device: is used to


entered the required program
into the memory of the
processor.

;
Input-output sections: are where the processor receives
information from external devices and communicates
information to external devices.

8
Expansion Modules:

The S7-200 PLCs are expandable. Expansion modules


contain additional inputs and outputs. These are connected
to the base unit using a ribbon connector.

9
The PLC program is executed as
PLC Operation part of a repetitive process
referred to as a scan. A PLC scan
starts with the CPU reading the
status of inputs. The application
program is executed using the
status of the inputs. Once the
program is completed, the CPU
performs internal diagnostics and
communication tasks. The scan
cycle ends by updating the
outputs, then starts over. The cycle
time depends on the size of the
program, the number of I/Os, and
the amount of communication
required. 10
Programming a PLC :
In order to create or change a program, the following items are
needed:
PLC
Programming Device
Programming Software
Connector Cable

11
You can use a personal computer as a programming
device

12
Advantages & Disadvantages of PLCs

Advantages of PLCs:

Increase in flexibility,
Faster implementation of changes and correction,
Lower cost,
Easy visualization of process running,
Increased operation speed,
Increased reliability and maintainability,
Increased security,
Reprogramming capability,
Elimination of wiring.

13
Disadvantages of PLCs

Too much work required in connecting wires.


Difficulty with changes or replacements.
Requiring skillful work force in finding errors.
Fixed program applications.
High initial investment cost.

14
PLCs Applications

15
THANK YOU

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