Intelligence plays a vital role in the military

organizations of which the Intelligence Officer or S2 will feed
his unit Commander through intelligence estimates, and
reports about the possible or actual enemy or area of
operations including the weather and terrain. Through
gathering or collecting significant information, the Intelligence
Officer processes, evaluates and interprets said information
by means of his acquired knowledge and techniques/methods
in the intelligence aspects in order to arrive in a proper and
well effective intelligence result. In gathering information, you
should determine whether it is true or false, accurate or
inaccurate, positive or negative, organized or unorganized,
related or unrelated. After which you will process, evaluate
and interpret the information gathered and that will be
considered as intelligence information.
 §

 


  ƛ is the product resulting from the collection, evaluation,

analysis, integration and interpretation of all available information,
which concerns a foreign nation, or an area of operation.


  
  ƛ means all facts, documents, materials,
photograph, diagram, maps and reports of observation of any kind which
increases our knowledge of a possible or actual enemy or area of
operations.


  

  ƛ is a knowledge acquired through the

collection, evaluation, and interpretation of all available information
concerning a possible or actual enemy or area of operations, including the
weather and terrain.
  

  ƛ is that knowledge of the enemy, weather

and terrain required by a commander in planning and conducting
tactical operation. It is developed during the conduct of the operations
modification of the original operation plan which may be appreciated.

 

  - is an aspect of intelligence which

comprises civil and military measures, including the collection, processing
and distribution of information, and executive actions, designed to
counter enemy or to prevent sabotage or subversive activities.
 

  

4. Intelligence is continues.
All intelligence activities follow a four-stage cycle: planning,
collection, evaluation and dissemination. The cycle is continuous and all
steps are carried out in an orderly fashion. We cannot afford to have
unsystematic and inefficient of information. Any lead must be followed
vigorously. Check the reliability of the source to verify the raw
information. Do anything to make that information available in useful
form.

2. Intelligence operations and tactical operations are interdependent.

3. Intelligence must be useful.

Intelligence must be useful. Otherwise, what do operating

troops need it for? It must focus on a certain intelligence requirement
of a commander or his operating troops. The intelligence operation is
not terminated, until positive results come out.
Ä. Intelligence must be timely.
The best intelligence is worthless if it does not reach the user in
time for appropriate action. There must always be an effective
system of disseminating intelligence, as the timeliness of each
bit of information must be exploited.

5. Intelligence operations must be flexible.

Intelligence activities are always based on logical steps.

Standard intelligence procedures make intelligence operations
effective, but must not be followed blindly. Procedures can be
changed to meet requirements.
6. Intelligence operations require imagination.
Intelligence operations require imagination, foresight and
resourcefulness. Creativity plays a great part in the outcome of any
intelligence operation. Intelligence, by its very nature, is unorthodox.
To succeed therefore requires an equally queer, unpredictable and
out-of-the normal mound of mind.

(. Intelligence operations require constant security measures.

Anything of intelligence value is highly classified information.
Keep it secret and under wraps.
 

  
Intelligence axioms are facts that require no doubt because the truths
of these statements are obvious.
a. AXIOM NR 4 ƛ Intelligence is crucial to internal security.
b. AXIOM NR 2 ƛ Intelligence is essential to all types of operations
4. Internal Defense Operations
2. Internal Development operations
3. Psychological Operations
c. AXIOM NR 3 ƛ Intelligence is the responsibility of all government
agencies
d. AXIOM NR Ä ƛ Intelligence of the government must be superior to
that of the enemy.
  

  

In the study of intelligence cycle it is not important which phase

is considered first information of intelligence can be inserted in any
phases as appropriate. The intelligence cycle has no beginning and no
end. Any sequence which logically organize through processes is
workable.
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The commander must make certain that he has what he needs, when he
needs it. He is continually wondering what the enemy is doing, thinking, and
planning for the future operations, and about the nature of the terrain not under
his control. These questions are all part of the Ơfogs of warơ and this Ơfogơ does
not left automatically.
4. Planning of the collection effort consist of five (5) steps:
a. Determination of intelligence requirements.
b. Determination of intelligence priorities.
c. Determination of those enemy activities of characteristics of
the area of operations which would indicate the answer to the
intelligence requirements.
d. Selection of collection agencies to the employed and the
issuance of the necessary orders and request for information.
e. Supervising the execution of order and request.
 2. Depending on the mission. The commander and his Staff
require intelligence information.
a. To arrive at sound and timely decisions in preparing
plans and estimate for future operations and in conducting
operations.
b. To protect the command by avoiding surprise and
denying the enemy information concerning his own forces.
c. To assist in the processing of other information.
Also, in the Commanderƞs estimate of the situation, three of the five steps
involved in the active participation of the intelligence effort. The commander should
have readily available the information required by the two steps of the Estimate of
the situation ƛ the mission and the friendly capabilities. The information required in
the last three steps ƛ knowledge of the weather, enemy and terrain ƛ must be
provided by the intelligence officer.
After the intelligence requirements have been determined, and priorities
have been established, the intelligence officer must determine what indications will
answer questions about the requirements. He must then select the agencies will
actually collect the required information. There are four criteria for the proper
selections of collection agencies. * # "&+  "* # "&+ #" # % "& and
#!%)
 To insure a logical, orderly process in his search for the answer to the
essential elements of information, the Intelligence officer develops a collection plan.
He analyzes the essential elements of information for possible indications of enemy
activities, determines the collections agencies he will use, direct, these agencies in
the search for information by using specific orders and request for information is to
be reported. During this entire process, the intelligence officer is continually
supervising the execution of the orders and request which have been issued.
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##%" ! ƛ is the system exploitation of sources of information by
collection agencies and the delivery of the information obtained to the proper
intelligence section.
Intelligence Officer must be insure of a continuous input of reliable
information concerning the disposition, strength, composition and movement of
the hostile forces, as well as information concerning weather and terrain. He
must use every means of his disposal to gain information on the enemy forces
within the area of interest which may affect the preparation and execution of
his plans. Failure to exploit every source of information may deny important
information of hostile capabilities, vulnerabilities, probable courses of actions.
Because the intelligence officer primary function is to keep the commander,
staff and higher and subordinate units informed of the enemy and the areas of
operations, he is faced with the continuous problem of efficient employing all
agencies to gather and provide the necessary information.
 %  !," ! ƛ are persons, things, or actions from which
information about the enemy, weather or terrain is derived. At the beginnings of
an operation the intelligence officer does not lack information from which to
produce intelligence for initial estimates because many sources will be available to
him. These sources will include maps, air, photos, enemy documents, enemy
materials, prisoners of war, and weather forecasts.

##%" ! $!%& ƛ is any person, unit or activity that collect and/or

processes information by research, surveillance, interrogation or other exploitation
of resources.

It is the responsibility of everyone to collect information. Collection

agencies include all military intelligence specialists, troops and special units
(military police, signal, ordinance, etc.)
%) % !$  !," !
% !$ ƛ is the step which intelligence is created from the raw
material of information. It consists of three distinct steps:
4. The recording of information so that it can be compared with
other items on hand.
2. The evaluation of information or order to determine its
intelligence value.
 3. The interpretation of the information in relation to other
information and intelligence on hand in order to draw conclusions
regarding its meaning.

In a tactical situation the commander wants intelligence, not just

information, which to base his decision or plans. The intelligence officer is not
performing his job if he merely presents his commander with a compilation of
information without determining its significance. In this case, he becomes nothing
more than a statistician.

-#" ! ƛ information is of small value unless it has been

analyze with respect to its pertinence, the reliability of the officer and agency
and its pertinence, the reliability of the officer and agency and its probable
accuracy. The intelligence Officer must examine each item of information as
soon as it is received to determine its intelligence value. This examination
may be either elaborated or instant, depending upon the circumstances. Is
the information needed immediately or at some future time? Are the source
and agency reliable? Is the information confirmed or collaborated by previous
received information or previous produced intelligence. s
 Interpretation of information consist of determining its significance with
respect to other information or previously collected and processed intelligence,
and finally drawing conclusions as the probable meaning of the information.
Evaluation and interpretation together are the essential steps in
processing. Keep in mine that the commander wants intelligence and not merely a
compilation of information.
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The next phase of the intelligence cycle is the dissemination and use of
intelligence. Intelligence is the end result of all intelligence activities. To be used it
must be disseminated to the commander, his staff, and other who require it in
proper form and in time serve the purpose of the recipients.
The commander received intelligence from the intelligence officer in the
form of intelligence estimate. The intelligence estimates gives the commander the
best possible picture of the area of operation sand the enemy without irrelevant
details. It is the intelligence officerƞs job to weight the intelligence he produces and
to present it clearly and concisely using graphic means instead of Ơwordyơ pictures
whenever possible.
 The intelligence estimate brings together significant aspect of the
weather, terrain and the enemy. It enumerates and discusses the enemyƞs
capabilities, his weaknesses as well as his favorable qualities, and if
warranted, draw conclusions as to the relative probability of the adoption of
the enemy capabilities and their effect on our mission. The intelligence
estimate is continuously revised, and is constant and basic responsibility of the
intelligence officer. The commander uses the intelligence estimate, selects the
courses of action which is most likely to succeed.

Dissemination to other users are accomplished by means of

messages (radio, messenger, or by any rapid means of signal communication.
Personal contact (telephone, personal reports, integrating report, operating
orders, and other special reports).
  
It is necessary that you should learn how to gather and collect
significant information through the used of intelligence procedures with you just
appreciated for the past several hours. I have also thought you the four (Ä)
phases of intelligence which is the vital aspects in intelligence efforts wherein
the Intelligence Officer uses this aspects as an essential tool in collecting enemy
situation to include weather and terrain. You have also learned the purpose,
meaning and objectives of military security, counterintelligence and other
essential topics in this subject.