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Introduction to Phasors in Sinusoids

The document introduces phasors and their use in representing sinusoidal quantities. It discusses: 1) Converting a sinusoidal function into exponential form and separating the exponents to obtain a phasor representation. 2) How a phasor rotates counterclockwise in the complex plane to represent simple harmonic motion at different phases. 3) Modeling inductors and capacitors as phasors rotating 90 degrees out of phase with current and voltage respectively. 4) Using phasor diagrams to solve examples of resistor-inductor circuits in the complex plane.

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mamdudur
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6 views26 pages

Introduction to Phasors in Sinusoids

The document introduces phasors and their use in representing sinusoidal quantities. It discusses: 1) Converting a sinusoidal function into exponential form and separating the exponents to obtain a phasor representation. 2) How a phasor rotates counterclockwise in the complex plane to represent simple harmonic motion at different phases. 3) Modeling inductors and capacitors as phasors rotating 90 degrees out of phase with current and voltage respectively. 4) Using phasor diagrams to solve examples of resistor-inductor circuits in the complex plane.

Uploaded by

mamdudur
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

E E 2415

Lecture 8 - Introduction to
Phasors
The Sinusoidal Function

f
1.2

0.8

0.4

f( t ) 0

0.4

0.8

1.2
1.05 0 1.05 2.09 3.14 4.19 5.24 6.28
t
Euler Functions
j 1
j j
e e
cos
2
e j e j
sin
j2
e j cos j sin
e j cos j sin

: an angle in radians
Sinusoid to Phasor

Exponential form:

Separate exponents:

Phasor transform:

Also:
Im ~
V
f Re
Simple Harmonic Motion - 0
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of complex
plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 0 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 30
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 30 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 60
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 60 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 90
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue dot shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 90 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 120
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 120 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 150
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 150 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 180
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 180 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 210
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 210 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 240
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 240 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 270
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue dot shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 270 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 300
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 300 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 330
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 330 degrees
Simple Harmonic Motion - 360
Phasor rotates CCW about origin of
complex plane
Blue line shows projection on real axis
plotted vs time
Phasor shown at 360 degrees
Impedance of an Inductor

i L
+ v -
v(t ) L LI m Re je j t e j
di
dt

~
I jL
~
+ V -
Phasor Diagram of Inductor V-I
Relationship

~
V Im
o
90 ~
I

Re

Voltage leads current by 90


Impedance of a Capacitor

i C

+ v -
CVm Re je jt e jf
dv
i (t ) C
dt
j
~
I C

~
+ V -
Phasor Diagram of Capacitor V-I
Relationship
~
I Im

o
90 ~
V
f
Re

Current leads Voltage by 90


Phasor R-L Example (1/3)
R jL
~ ~
+ VR - + VL -
~
Vs
~
I
Phasor R-L Example (2/3)
Phasor R-L Example (3/3)

R jL
~ ~
+ VR - + VL -
~
Vs
~
I Im
~
VL ~
VR
~
f Vs
KVL now in Re
complex plane.
~
I
Numerical Phasor R-L Example (1/2)

1000
I 4 36.87
20 j15
VR 20 4 36.87 80 36.87
VL 1590 4 36.87 6053.13
Numerical Phasor R-L Example (1/2)

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