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Understanding Solutions in Grade 7 Science

This document discusses solutions and their properties. It defines a solution as a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The substance present in the smallest amount is called the solute, and the substance that is present in the largest amount is called the solvent. Some key properties of solutions discussed include: 1) Solutions appear uniform throughout and all parts have the same composition. 2) Solutes cannot be separated from the solvent using methods like filtration due to their small size. 3) Solutions may be saturated, meaning they contain the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved. Unsaturated solutions contain less than the maximum amount of solute. 4) The concentration of a solution can be expressed as a percentage by volume

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Gael Forbes Real
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417 views14 pages

Understanding Solutions in Grade 7 Science

This document discusses solutions and their properties. It defines a solution as a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The substance present in the smallest amount is called the solute, and the substance that is present in the largest amount is called the solvent. Some key properties of solutions discussed include: 1) Solutions appear uniform throughout and all parts have the same composition. 2) Solutes cannot be separated from the solvent using methods like filtration due to their small size. 3) Solutions may be saturated, meaning they contain the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved. Unsaturated solutions contain less than the maximum amount of solute. 4) The concentration of a solution can be expressed as a percentage by volume

Uploaded by

Gael Forbes Real
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Module 1: Solutions
  • Activity 1: What Solutions Do You Find at Home?
  • Solute + Solvent = Solution
  • Nature/Types of a Solution
  • Activity 2: What Are The Properties of a Solution?
  • Conclusions
  • Activity 3: What is the Evidence that a Solution is Saturated?
  • Concentration of Solutions
  • Percentage Concentrations

Module 1: Solutions

Homogeneous mixtures are called


solutions.
i.e. When you put sugar into water, the
solid becomes part of the liquid and
cannot be seen.
Solutions may be solids dissolved in
liquids
Or gases dissolved in liquids.
Or gas dissolved in another gas
Or a liquid dissolved in another liquid
Or a solid in another solid
Activity 1
What Solutions Do You Find at
Home?
Products or Solutions Characteristics
Found at Home or in
Store
Ex. Juice Drinks Orange
Liquid
Sweet
Sour
Etc.
Solute + Solvent = SOLUTION

Solute- the minor component of


a solution, dissolved in a solvent

Solvent- the major component


of a solution in which a solute is
dissolved to form a solution.
Nature/Types of a Solution
1. Naturally Occurring Solutions
-solutions that occur naturally
i.e. bodies of water, blood plasma, air,
some mineral ores

Many materials in nature can be used


efficiently only when these are in the
form of solutions.
i.e. plants cannot absorb minerals from the
soil unless these minerals are in solution.
Nature/Types of a Solution
2. Manufactured Solutions or
Processes Solutions
i.e. vinegar, gasoline, steel in alloy
of copper or tin, brass in an alloy
of copper and zinc, wine and
liquor, brewed coffee and tea.
Activity 2: What Are The
Properties of a Solution?
Will
Can be
dissolve
Appearanc Number separated Solution
Sample in one
e of phases by or not?
cup
filtration?
water?
Sugar completel uniform one no solution
y
Salt completel Uniform Two No Solution
y
Mongo Not at all Not uniform Two Yes Not a
Seeds solution
Powdered Completel Not uniform Two No or some Colloid
juice y or powder left (not a
partially on filter solution)
paper
Cooking Not at all Not uniform Two layers No Not a
oil solution
Vinegar completel uniform one no solution
y
Conclusions
Characteristics of a Solution
1. It is homogeneous. It is a mixture of one
phase only. The components are so well
mixed that all parts of the solution
appear the same. Solutions have the
same composition and properties
throughout.
2. The solute cannot be separated from the
solvent through filtration because these
are so small that they pass through the
filter paper or cheesecloth.
3. A solution id often clear and transparent.
Activity 3: What is the Evidence
that a Solution is Saturated?
SOLUBILITY -is the property of a solid,
liquid, or gaseous chemical substance
called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid,
or gaseous solvent to form a solution of
the solute in the solvent.

SATURATED when a solution contains


the maximum amount of solute dissolved
by a given amount of solvent. The
presence of an excess solid which can no
longer dissolve is the evidence that the
solution is saturated.
Activity 3: What is the Evidence
that a Solution is Saturated?
Saturation Point the stage at
which no more of a substance can
be absorbed into a vapor or
dissolved into a solution.

UNSATURATED when a solutions


contains less solute than the
maximum amount it can dissolve at
a given temperature.
Concentration of Solutions
Concentrated when there is a
large amount of dissolved solute
for a certain volume of solvent.

Dilute when a solution has


small amount of dissolved solute
in comparison to the amount of
solvent.
% by volume the amount of
solute in a given volume of
solution expressed as grams
solute per 100 milliliter of
solution (g/100mL)

i.e. 70% ethyl or isopropyl, meaning


70 mL alcohol
Sample problem 1
Since rubbing alcohol contains 70% ethyl
alcohol, it means that 100 mL of rubbing
alcohol contains 70 mL ethyl alcohol. So,
the following calculations show that in
50 mL of rubbing alcohol, there is 35 mL
ethyl alcohol.
50 mL rubbing alcohol70 mL = 35 mL ethyl
x 100
ethyl
mL alcohol
rubbing
% by mass, which is the amount
of solute in a given mass of
solvent expressed as grams solute
per grams of solution

i.e. 5% acidity, which means that it


contains 5 grams of acetic acid in
100 g of vinegar.
Sample problem 2
A one peso coin has a mass of 5.5 grams.
How many grams of copper are in a one
peso coin containing 75% copper by
mass?
Calculation:
75 % by mass means 75 grams of copper
in 100 grams of one peso coin.
So, a 5.4 grams one peso coin contains
75 g x 5.4 g = 4.0 g copper
100 g coincoin
copper

Module 1: Solutions Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions. i.e. When you put sugar into water, the solid becomes part o
Activity 1 What Solutions Do You Find at Home? Products or Solutions Found at Home or in Store Characteristics Ex. Juice
Solute + Solvent = SOLUTION Solute- the minor component of a solution, dissolved in a solvent Solvent- the major component
Nature/Types of a Solution 1. Naturally Occurring Solutions -solutions that occur naturally i.e. bodies of water, blood plasm
Nature/Types of a Solution 2. Manufactured Solutions or Processes Solutions i.e. vinegar, gasoline, steel in alloy of coppe
Activity 2: What Are The Properties of a Solution? Sample Will dissolve in one cup water? Appearanc e Number of phases
Conclusions Characteristics of a Solution 1. It is homogeneous. It is a mixture of one phase only. The components are so wel
Activity 3: What is the Evidence that a Solution is Saturated? SOLUBILITY - is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous
Activity 3: What is the Evidence that a Solution is Saturated? Saturation Point –the stage at which no more of a substance
Concentration of Solutions Concentrated –when there is a large amount of dissolved solute for a certain volume of solvent.

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