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Uniform Flow in Open Channels Explained

This document discusses uniform flow in open channels. Some key points covered include: - Uniform flow occurs when the flow depth and average velocity remain constant. It is common in long straight channels. - Normal depth refers to the constant depth that occurs in uniform flow. - Uniform flow is maintained as long as the channel slope, cross-section, and roughness stay the same. - Both the Chezy and Manning equations can be used to calculate uniform flow properties based on roughness, cross-sectional area, hydraulic radius, and slope.

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5 views32 pages

Uniform Flow in Open Channels Explained

This document discusses uniform flow in open channels. Some key points covered include: - Uniform flow occurs when the flow depth and average velocity remain constant. It is common in long straight channels. - Normal depth refers to the constant depth that occurs in uniform flow. - Uniform flow is maintained as long as the channel slope, cross-section, and roughness stay the same. - Both the Chezy and Manning equations can be used to calculate uniform flow properties based on roughness, cross-sectional area, hydraulic radius, and slope.

Uploaded by

F.a.AlfredThom
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 2

Resistance in open channels, normal depth, channel


efficiency, steady uniform flow & resistance in steady non-uniform flow.

Uniform Flow in Open Channels

Flow in open is classified as being


uniform or nonuniform, depending
upon the depth y.

Depth in Uniform Flow is called


normal depth yn

Uniform depth occurs when the flow


depth (and thus the average flow
velocity) remains constant.

Common in long straight runs

Average flow velocity is called


uniform-flow velocity V0.

Uniform depth is maintained as long


as the slope, cross-section, and
surface roughness of the remain
unchanged.

During uniform flow, the terminal


velocity reached, and the head loss
equals the elevation drop.

Roughness
Coefficient

Chezy, C

Manning, n

Solution:-

Let b = channel width and y0 = normal depth. Given b = 5m wide, Q = 100 m3/2,
S0 = 0.005m/m and n = 0.035
As known,

y0

A= b * y0
P = 2y0 + b

By using trial and error, y0 = 6.65m

b = 5m

Y0

AR2/3

0.7143

4.995

25

15

1.6667

35.1435

30

18

1.806

48.19

6.65

33.25

18.3

1.817

49.51

Solution:

Given Q= 100m3/s, y0 = 2m, S0 = 0.001m/m, channel side slope =


2:1 and n = 0.035

2H/1V

By using trial and error, b = 33.8m

Exercise
A trapezoidal Channel has a base width b= 6m
and Side Slope 1H:1V. The channel bottom
slope is S0 = 0.0002 and the manning roughness
coefficient is n = 0.014. Compute the depth of
uniform flow if Q = 12.1m3/s.

Channel Efficiency

Or

or

or

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