Telecommunication Networks
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What is Telecom ?
Telecommunication is the assisted
transmission of signals over a distance for the
purpose of communication.
It is the technology of transferring information
over a distance.
Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Information
1. Information can be of several type:
Audio Telephone
Text - Telegraph , email, SMS
Pictures Picture attachments
Video Clipping over internet
Data ATM to bank.
2. The same telecom technology/service cannot
communicate all the types of information.
Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Benefits of Telecom
Expansion of spatial & temporal horizons.
New industries are possible like BPO.
New facilities like
tele-medicine,
tele-education,
e-governance,
e-commerce
Leads to economic growth.
Telecom in India
Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Growing subscriber base.
New services and technologies.
More focus on wireless & internet.
Government wants more development in
rural areas.
Decreasing Prices.
Increasing demand for bandwidth.
Guided by New Telecom Policy 1999 &
National Telecom Policy 1994.
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Thrust areas in Telecom
Customer premises equipment.
Access
Network
Transmission
Switching
Computerization
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Learning Objectives
Identify major developments and trends in
Telecom N/W in India
Identify the basic components, & functions, of
various N/W elements.
The current Generation Network
i. Access N/W
ii. Aggregation N/W
iii. Backbone
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Communication Fixed Lines
Subscriber
Line
(2W)
Inter-Exchange
Junction
Telephone Exchanges
Subscriber
Line
(2W)
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Communication - Mobile
Subscriber
Line
(2W)
Inter-Exchange
Junction
BSC
BTS
MS
Telephone
Exchange
Mobile Switching
Centre (MSC)
Sub Access Network
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Drop wire
DP
CABINET
PILLARS
MDF
DP
DP
Primary
Secondary
Distribution
DP
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The current Generation
Network(cntd)
Circuit switching based
Suitable for voice
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Communication - Mobile
Subscriber
Line
(2W)
Inter-Exchange
Junction
BSC BTS
Telephone
Exchange
Mobile Switching
Centre (MSC)
MS
Project 2.2 : A City
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Core
router
Broadband
RAS
ne
r
e
E th
GE
ark
d
n
to
ADSL
terminals
BB
Tier1 GigE
Aggregation
SW
re
b
i
f
ADSL
terminals
..DSLAM..
GigE
Tier 2 LAN Switch
FE
..DSLAM..
GigE
X-ge C
X-ge B
ADSL
terminals
FE
GE
X-ge D
X-ge E
GE
..DSLAM..
ADSL
terminals
FE
..DSLAM..
ADSL
ADSL
terminals terminals
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N/W Hierarchy
LevI TAX
Lev I TAX
LevII TAX
LevII TAX
TANDEM/LE
TANDEM/LE
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Wireless Access Network
Midas
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NETWORK
DIAGRAM OF CDMA / WLL SYSTEM
2 Mbps
DIGITAL
2 Mbps LINK
DIGITAL
LINK
2 Mbps
DIGITAL
LINK
Telecom
Network
PSTN
BTS
FWT
BSC
( V5.2 OR
R2/NO.7 )
FAX
..
MS
BTS
BSC : Base Station Controller
MSC : Mobile Switching Centre
FWT : Fixed Wireless Terminal at subscriber premises.
MS : Mobile Station
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DATA N/W
Access
DSLAM
TIER II SW
TIER I SW
NIB
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Mobile N/W
GSM/CDMA
MS
BTS
BSC
MSC
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NGN-convergence of N/W
Packet switching based
IPV6
Portability
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The medium
OFC Backbone & access
DWDM systems
PON
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BSNL SERVICES
Landline Services.
Mobile Services.
Internet Services.
Intelligent Services
Data Communication Services.
Satellite Services
Other Services
Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
LANDLINE SERVICES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Basic Phone
ISDN
CENTREX
EPABX
PCO / Coin-Box
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MOBILE SERVICES
6. Mobile
7. WLL
8. GPRS/EDGE/3G
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INTERNET SERVICES
9. Dial Up.
10. CLI based.
11. Sancharnet.
12. ISDN Sancharnet
13. High speed internet over WLL
14. DIAS
15. BROADBAND
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INTERNET SERVICES Cond
16. Ev-DO
17. NIC Card
18. Wi-Fi
19. Wi-MAX
20. Internet over Mobile (GPRS/EDGE/3G)
21. Web Hosting
22. Web Co-Location
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INTELLIGENT SERVICES
23. India Telephone Card
24. FLPP
25. Tele voting
26. Universal Access Number
27. Universal Personal Number
28. Premium Rate Services
29. Free Phone
30. VPN
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DATA COMMUNICATION
SERVICES
31. Leased Line
32. Internet Over Leased Line
33. MLLN
34. MPLS-VPN
35. VPNoBB
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OTHER SEVICES
39. Fleet Tracking
40. IP-TV / Multiplay
41. Video/Audio/Web Conferencing
42. Telegraph
Today
Separate Service Networks
IP Networks
PSTN/ISDN
PLMN
Services
Separate Access Transport & Switching Networks
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PSTN model Vs NGN model
Dedicated Network per service
Convergence technologies
Large Invest
Cost reduction
Multiple technologies / Knowledge
One Protocol, one Knowledge
Voice
Voice
Network
Data
IP
Network
Video
Video
Network
Storage
Storage
Network
voice
Data
Video
IP
Network (for Voice, Data & Video)
Storage
Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
PSTN model Vs NGN model
Dedicated Network per service
Convergence technologies
Large Invest
Cost reduction
Multiple technologies / Knowledge
One Protocol, one Knowledge
Voice
Voice
Network
Data
IP
Network
Video
Video
Network
Storage
Storage
Network
voice
Data
Video
IP
Network (for Voice, Data & Video)
Storage
Transition to NGN: Third wave
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Today
Tomorrow
Internet
Telephone
network
Mobile radio
network
IP-Network
Multimedia Access - Advantages
easy to handle
reliable
mobile
One network for everything
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The future
NGN one N/W all services
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