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Plastic Recycling Techniques and Impact

Plastic recycling has grown in importance due to the large volume of plastic waste. There are three main techniques for recycling plastics: mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and thermal recycling. Mechanical recycling involves changing the shape and size of plastic materials without altering the chemical structure. Chemical recycling breaks down the molecular structure through chemical reactions to produce new polymers. Thermal recycling uses heat to break down the chemical structure. While recycling plastics provides benefits like reducing oil usage and landfill space, it also faces challenges of high costs and plastic often not being suitable for multiple recycling rounds.

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50 views12 pages

Plastic Recycling Techniques and Impact

Plastic recycling has grown in importance due to the large volume of plastic waste. There are three main techniques for recycling plastics: mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and thermal recycling. Mechanical recycling involves changing the shape and size of plastic materials without altering the chemical structure. Chemical recycling breaks down the molecular structure through chemical reactions to produce new polymers. Thermal recycling uses heat to break down the chemical structure. While recycling plastics provides benefits like reducing oil usage and landfill space, it also faces challenges of high costs and plastic often not being suitable for multiple recycling rounds.

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pruthvish
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PLASTIC RECYCLE

Prepared By: Chudasama Deep


Guide:
Mr. [Link]
Co Guide:
Ms. Naina Tahilramani
1

INTRODUCTION

Plastic are non degradable polymers.


Due to this its create problem of municipal waste management.
Plastics cause serious environmental problems. Although they are not intrinsically
dangerous, they take up a huge amount of space in landfills and they are made from a
non-renewable resource, namely fossil fuels.

According to CPCB survey in 60 major cities: 15,342.46 tones of plastic waste was
generated every day, amounting to 56 lakh tones a year.
1 tone = 20,000 plastic bottles.
12% of household waste is plastic, 45% of which is plastic bottles.

[Link]
[Link]

Techniques for recycle


1 . Mechanical recycling
- Recycling to make plastic raw material

2 . Chemical recycling
- monomerization
- Blast furnace reducing agent
- Coke oven chemical feed stoke recycling

3 . Thermal recycling
- gasification, liquefaction

1.

Mechanical recycling:

Mechanical recycling involves changing size and shape of materials, removing contaminants, and
similar activities that change the appearance of the recycled material, but do not alter basic
chemical structure.
Usual processing methods: eg. Grinding, washing, gravity based system,
screening, drying, melting & pelletization.

Charles A. Harper/ch-12-Plastic recycling and biodegradable plastics in Modern plastic handbook/4th edition/page no:12.17

http:/[Link]/watch?v=zyF9Mxlcltw

2 . Chemical recycling

Chemical recycling involves breaking down the molecular structure of the polymer, using
chemical reactions.
Product of the reaction can be purified and used again to produce either same or related
polymer.

i. Monomerization

PET bottles can be recycled to make textiles and sheeting


They cannot be used to make PET drinks bottles because of hygiene and smell.
So making PET resin from scratch out of petroleum and naphtha.
Combining ethylene glycol and methanol to break waste PET resin down into DMT
(dimethyl terephthalate) to turn it the raw material used to make textiles and film.
This technique was improved upon to break PET bottles down further from DMT to PTA
(purified terephtalic acid) to make PET resin.

Charles A. Harper/ch-12-Plastic recycling and biodegradable plastics in Modern plastic handbook/page no:12.17
[Link] introduction to plastic [Link]

ii. Blast furnace feedstock recycling

[Link] introduction to plastic [Link]

iii.

Coke oven chemical feed stoke recycling

[Link] introduction to plastic [Link]

3 . Thermal recycling

Thermal recycling involves breaking down the chemical structure of the polymer.
In this case, instead of recycling on chemical reactions, the primary vehicle
for reaction is heat.

Charles A. Harper/ch-12-Plastic recycling and biodegradable plastics in Modern plastic handbook/4th edition/page no:12.17

i.

Gasification

[Link] introduction to plastic [Link]

ii.

Liquefaction

[Link] introduction to plastic [Link]

10

Advantages and Disadvantages

1.
1.
2.
3.

Advantages of plastic waste


Saving oil: every 1 ton of plastic bottles we recycled
we save approximately 3.8 barrels of petroleum.
Reduction of gas emissions
Saving of landfill space.
Benefits of reuse

Disadvantages of plastic recycle


1. Not always cost effective
2. High initial cost
3. Its very rarely suitable for a second round of recycling

http:/[Link]/2014/[Link]
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 4th edition/vol.19/chap: Recycling(plastics)/page no.1001

11

12

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