PRODUCT DESIGN
Product design can be defined as the idea generation,
concept development, testing and manufacturing or
implementation of a physical object or service.
Product Designers conceptualize and evaluate ideas,
making them tangible through products in a more
systematic approach. The role of a product designer
include many characteristics of the marketing
manager, product manager , industrial designer and
design engineer.
FROM WHERE IDEAS FOR NEW PRODUCT COMES ?:
FROM WHERE IDEAS FOR NEW PRODUCT
COMES ? FROM>
CUSTOMERS SUGGESTIONS
R & D DEPARTMENT
FROM FEEDBACK OF EXISTING PRODUCT IN
MARKET
Principles of product design :
1. Usefulness
2. Quality
3. Ease of use
4. Simplicity
5. Clarity
6. Order
7. Naturalness
8. Aesthetics
9. Innovation
10. Truthfulness
REQUIREMENT OF GOOD PRODUCT
DESIGN:
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION BY:
FUNCTION ACCURACY
RELIABILITY
EASY TO OPERATE
MAKING PROFIT BY:
STANDARD DESIGN GIVES GREAT SAVING
GOOD DESIGN WILL REQUIRE MINIMUM
OPERATIONS AND HENCE WILL GIVE SAVING
Product must optimally perform its main function
(task).
It must be easy to repair at a low repair cost.
It must be very reliable to use.
It must follow principles of aesthetics.
It must be a durable one.
It can be easily produced in large numbers at
minimum production cost.
It must be simple to produce and use (handle).
It must also be compact.
Design proceses
STEP 1: Identify the Problem -- Students should state the challenge
problem in their own words. Example: How can I design a __________
that will __________?
STEP 2: Identify Criteria and Constraints -- Students should specify the
design requirements (criteria). Example: Our growth chamber must have a
growing surface of 10 square feet and have a delivery volume of 3 cubic
feet or less. Students should list the limits on the design due to available
resources and the environment (constraints). Example: Our growth
chamber must be accessible to astronauts without the need for leaving the
spacecraft.
STEP 3: Brainstorm Possible Solutions -- Each student in
the group should sketch his or her own ideas as the group
discusses ways to solve the problem. Labels and arrows
should be included to identify parts and how they might
move. These drawings should be quick and brief.
STEP 4: Generate Ideas -- In this step, each student should
develop two or three ideas more thoroughly. Students should
create new drawings that are orthographic projections
(multiple views showing the top, front and one side) and
isometric drawings (three-dimensional depiction). These are
to be drawn neatly, using rulers to draw straight lines and to
make parts proportional. Parts and measurements should be
labeled clearly.
STEP 5: Explore Possibilities -- The developed ideas should be shared and
discussed among the team members. Students should record pros and cons of each
design idea directly on the paper next to the drawings.
STEP 6: Select an Approach -- Students should work in teams and identify the
design that appears to solve the problem the best. Students should write a statement
that describes why they chose the solution. This should include some reference to
the criteria and constraints identified above.
STEP 7: Build a Model or Prototype -- Students will construct a full-size or scale
model based on their drawings. The teacher will help identify and acquire
appropriate modeling materials and tools. See the design brief for a sample list.
STEP 8: Refine the Design -- Students will examine and evaluate their prototypes
or designs based on the criteria and constraints. Groups may enlist students from
other groups to review the solution and help identify changes that need to be made.
Based on criteria and constraints, teams must identify any problems and proposed
solutions.
Sequence
Conception
Acceptance
Execution
Translation
Pre -production
Stages of Design:
Concept Generation
Ideas from customers
Focus groups
Listening to customers
Ideas from competitor activity
Ideas from staff
Ideas from Research and development
Reverse engineering
From idea to concept
Concept screening
The marketing screen
The Operations screen
Finance screen
Competitor Analysis
Price-performance targeting
Financial analysis
Factors affecting Product
Design:
TECHNICAL FACTORS
Performance
Maintenance
Company experience
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN FACTORS
Function
Appearance
Ergonomics
ECONOMIC FACTORS
Materials
Methods
Standards
Finish
The factors that determine or affect a
product design
Requirements of targeted customers.
Availability and access to necessary production
facilities.
Type and quality of raw-materials used to produce a
product.
Cost to price ratio.
Policy of quality standards.
Availability of plant and machineries.
Impact of upcoming product on existing products of the
company.
Reputation or goodwill of the company.
