In Building Solution
By: Ahmad Taheri
Outline
Introduction
Solutions
Small Cell
Distributed Antenna System
Design Consideration
Introduction
Forecasting Mobile Data Traffic By Cisco
1EB = 1billion GB
Source: [Link]
Introduction
Mobile Using inside Building
Source: [Link]
Introduction
Key Benefit of in Building Solution (IBS)
Improving Coverage and
Capacity inside Building
Increasing Revenue & better Competition
Introduction
Problems for Improving Coverage inside Building
1. Physical Obstacles like Buildings and etc.
2. Interference
Solutions
How we can improve inside building Coverage and
Capacity?
Solution
Small Cell
Distributed Antenna System (DAS)
SMALL CELL
In Building Solution By Small Cell
Components
Small cells
LAN Network
shared IP
central gateway
Small
Cellinside building Coverage and
How we can improve
Small Cell
Capacity?
Distance Range
Out Put Power
Femto Cell
Femto Cell
10 m ~ 50 m
10 mW~200 mW
Application
Indoor
Pico Cell
Pico Cell
Micro Cell
Micro Cell
100 m ~ 300 m
250 mW ~ >2 W
250 m ~ 1 km
2 W ~ 20 W (5 W)
Indoor/Outdoor
Outdoor
SMALL
In Building Solution By Small Cell
Small Cell
In Building Solution By Small Cell
Small Cell
In Building Solution By Small Cell
Small Cell
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Advantage
Simple Deployment
Cost effective for Small and Medium
Building
Shared Backhaul on Internet
Integrated WIFI
Disadvantage
Just for One Mobile Operator
Not Cost Effective for large Building ( > 10000 m^2(
Needs additional gateway in Mobile Switch Center
Not Able to Create Neutral Host
(DAS)
Advantage
Multi Operator Combining
capability
Cost effective for Large
Building
Integrated WIFI
Disadvantage
Complex Deployment
Higher cost
Distributed Antenna System
(DAS)
DAS
Passive Active
Using
Coax
Cable
Using
Fiber
Optic
Cable
Hybrid
Using
Combinati
on of Coax
and Fiber
Optic
Components
RF Source
Antenna
Combiner
Cables
Splitter
Coupler
Power Amplifier
Passive DAS
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Advantage
disadvantage
Less Complex
High attenuation
Supporting Multiple
Carrier Frequencies
Difficult and expensive to install
Not suited for large Building
Active DAS
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Advantage
Simple installation cost
Low attenuation
Suitable for Large Building
disadvantage
High Cost for Equipment
Dont Support Multi Operator
Hybrid DAS
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Advantage
Less Attenuation than Passive
Less installation cost than passive
Suitable for Medium & Large
Building
disadvantage
Higher Attenuation than
active
Design Steps
1
Pre Planning & Solution Selecting
RF calculation and Basic Design
Detail Design
Selecting Right
Solution?
Small Cell or DAS
Design Pre-planning
Pre-Planing
RF Consideration
Facility & Installation
Consideration
Business
Consideration
Pre-Planning
Facility Consideration
We need To answer :
Type of Facility?
Types of Materials in facility?
Estimated number of Subscribers?
Approximate size of facility (Square meter) ?
Approximate size of Office Area (Square meter) ?
How many Floors?
Is there cable infrastructure?
Is there building plans?
Pre-Planning
RF Consideration
We need To answer :
Design goal in terms of dBm?
How many operators Network ?
WIFI integrated?
Is there public safety service?
Which Bands for using? GSM, 3G, WIFI
and etc.?
What is RF source ( Back haul) ?
Capacity needs for each technology ?
RF Calculation
link Budget for an Example Building
Building Features
10 floor
Solution
Passive DAS
Frequency Bands
GSM 900
Design Goal
-80 dBm
RF Calculation
10th Floor
RSSI= -100 dBm
Link Budget
10 dB
Coupler
7/8
5m
50 m
1/2
1/2
2-waySplitter
Concrete Wall
Antenna
2 dBi
50 m
Loss = 79 dB
Downlink Uplink
2-way Splitter = 3dB
Coupler = 0.5 dB
27dBm
50 m
5m
BTS1
GSM
900
loss for 7/8 cable = 2 dB
loss1/2 = 7 dB
Concrete Wall = 15 dB
Air Path Loss @ 900MHz = 51.5 dB
Air Path Loss (dB) =31.5+ 20 log (d)
Sreq= -80 dBm
BTS (output)= S(Downlink) + Loss (total) Gain(Antenna)
S(Downlink)= -70 dBm
In Building Solution Vendors
Companies
Alcatel- Lucent
France
Ericson
Swiss
Huawei
China
Nokia-Siemens
Finland
Axell-wireless
UK
Cisco
USA
Contela
South Korean
[Link]
UK
NEC
JAPAN
Fujitsu
JAPAN
