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Understanding DBMS and Its Components

1) A DBMS is a software package that is used to store and manage databases, which can be very large collections of integrated data that model real-world enterprises and their entities and relationships. 2) As datasets increase in diversity and volume, the use of DBMS is exploding due to the shift from computation to information management across various domains. 3) Key benefits of using a DBMS include data independence and efficient access, reduced application development time, data integrity and security, and uniform data administration.

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31 views9 pages

Understanding DBMS and Its Components

1) A DBMS is a software package that is used to store and manage databases, which can be very large collections of integrated data that model real-world enterprises and their entities and relationships. 2) As datasets increase in diversity and volume, the use of DBMS is exploding due to the shift from computation to information management across various domains. 3) Key benefits of using a DBMS include data independence and efficient access, reduced application development time, data integrity and security, and uniform data administration.

Uploaded by

abhinavgupta2010
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What Is a DBMS?

 A very large, integrated collection of data.


 Models real-world enterprise.
– Entities (e.g., students, courses)
– Relationships (e.g., Tarkan is taking CS564)
 A Database Management System (DBMS) is a
software package designed to store and manage
databases.
?
Why Study Databases??
 Shift from computation to information
– at the “low end”: scramble to webspace (a mess!)
– at the “high end”: scientific applications
 Datasets increasing in diversity and volume.
– Digital libraries, interactive video, Human Genome
project, EOS project
– ... need for DBMS exploding
 DBMS encompasses most of CS
– OS, languages, theory, “AI”, multimedia, logic
Why Use a DBMS?

 Data independence and efficient access.


 Reduced application development time.
 Data integrity and security.
 Uniform data administration.
 Concurrent access, recovery from crashes.
Data Models
 A data model is a collection of concepts for
describing data.
 A schema is a description of a particular
collection of data, using the given data model.
 The relational model of data is the most widely
used model today.
– Main concept: relation, basically a table with rows
and columns.
– Every relation has a schema, which describes the
columns, or fields.
Example: University Database
 Conceptual schema:
– Students(sid: string, name: string, login: string,
age: integer, gpa:real)
– Courses(cid: string, cname:string, credits:integer)
– Enrolled(sid:string, cid:string, grade:string)
 Physical schema:
– Relations stored as unordered files.
– Index on first column of Students.
 External Schema (View):
– Course_info(cid:string,enrollment:integer)
Instance of Students Relation
Students( sid: string, name: string, login: string,
age: integer, gpa: real )

sid name login age gpa


53666 Jones jones@cs 18 3.4
53688 Smith smith@ee 18 3.2
53650 Smith smith@math 19 3.8
Levels of Abstraction
 Many external schemata, External
Schema 1
External
Schema
External
Schema 3
single conceptual(logical) 2

schema and physical


schema. Conceptual Schema
– External schemata describe
how users see the data. Physical Schema

– Conceptual schema defines


logical structure
– Physical schema describes the
files and indexes used.
 Schemas are defined using DDL; data is modified/queried using DML.
Data Independence
 Applications insulated from how data is structured
and stored.
 Logical data independence: Protection from
changes in logical structure of data.
 Physical data independence: Protection from
changes in physical structure of data.

 One of the most important benefits of using a DBMS!


These layers
must consider
Structure of a DBMS concurrency
control and
recovery
 A typical DBMS has a Query Optimization
layered architecture. and Execution
 This is one of several Relational Operators
possible architectures;
each system has its own Files and Access Methods
variations. Buffer Management

Disk Space Management

DB

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