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Patch Testing for Irritant Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction caused by either irritants or allergens. Patch testing can help diagnose contact dermatitis by applying potential allergens to the skin and observing the reaction. The document outlines how to properly conduct a patch test, including preparing the patient by having them stop using certain medications and avoiding sun exposure beforehand. Allergens are applied to the back using small metal cups and readings are taken at 48 and 72-96 hours to identify any allergic reactions.

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108 views23 pages

Patch Testing for Irritant Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction caused by either irritants or allergens. Patch testing can help diagnose contact dermatitis by applying potential allergens to the skin and observing the reaction. The document outlines how to properly conduct a patch test, including preparing the patient by having them stop using certain medications and avoiding sun exposure beforehand. Allergens are applied to the back using small metal cups and readings are taken at 48 and 72-96 hours to identify any allergic reactions.

Uploaded by

shlprt
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Skin Patch Test Cover
  • Introduction
  • Skin Patch Test
  • Indication
  • Preparing the Patch Test
  • Allergen Types
  • How to Do Patch Test
  • Interpretation
  • Causes of False Results

Introduction

Contact dermatitis is a generic term applied to acute or


chronic inflammatory reaction to substance that come in
contacts with the skin
Irritant contact dermatitis is caused by a chemical irritant.
Allergic contact dermatitis by an antigen (allergen) that
elicits a type IV (cell mediated or delayed)
hypersensitivity reaction
Skin patch test
Patch testing is a way of identifying whether a substance
that comes in contact with the skin is causing
inflammation of the skin contact dermatitis
Patch testing can be used to assist in the diagnosis of
contact dermatitis

Allergic contact dermatitis is a classic delayed type
hypersensitivity, or a type IV immunological reaction
This reaction happened because activation limfosit T cell
by langerhans cell in the skin and the gland lymphe
regional
Indication
Patient with suspected contact dermatitis
Patient with all cases dermatitis of the hand, face,
lower legs, and feet, which do not clear up in a short
time
Patch testing should also be considered which there
has been chronic medicament usage
Persistent or atypical discoid eczema


Preparing the patch test
Medical staff (operator) and patient
Patch test tools ( finn chamber and marker )
allergens
Medical staff (operator)
Patch test are performed by trained nurses.
Dermatologist and allergists in dermatology or Allergy
clinics and some doctors rooms
The patients
Stop in using medication with corticosteroid
Do not expose your back to the sun for four weeks
before your patch test
The patient wear old clothing ; felt tip pen marks can
stain clothes
Keep the back dry, so not baths, shower or sweating
Do not swim,rub,or exercise, as the patches may come
off
The allergens that are mostly usually implicated in this
allergic contact dermatitis are contact allergens such as
nikel, chemicals, leather, paints, perfumes, dyes,
drugs, etc

ALLERGEN
How to do patch test
1. Patch test filling small
metal cups by allergens .
TRUE test standard
panel of 24 allergens.
2. Process repeated for
all allergens to be
tested.

3. The Patches are then
placed onto the person's
back. To prepare for the
test, a person should have
clean skin and have
recently bathed.
4. The procedure is
repeated until all of the
patches are placed,
usually on the back.
5. The patch tests are
removed after 48 hours,
and an initial reading of
the test site is performed.
6. The tape itself may cause
some irritation, so the
test panels are removed
and the initial reading is
performed about 30
minutes later.
7. A second reading of the
results occurs at 72 to 96
hours after initial
placement of the patch
tests.

These images above show increasing degrees of
positivity patch test reaction
Interpretation
+? = mild erythema
+ = positive reaction : erythema, infiltrate
++ = strong positive reaction : erythema, papul, vesikel
+++ = extreme positive reaction : bulosa, ulcus
IR = irritant reaction. Red skin improves once patch is
removed

Cause of false positive result
These are common if there are several strong positive
test in the same region
Secondary non spesific reactions close to quinene
positive ones have been termed
angry back or the excited syndrome
Iritant reaction
Occur if a chemical is a tested at too high a
concentration
Causes of false negative result
False negative reaction also occur when allergens are
found in irritant products
Such products include cutting oils, soap and solvents
Medicaments and cosmetics
Thank you

Introduction Contact dermatitis is a generic term applied to acute or chronic inflammatory reaction to substance that come
Skin patch test Patch testing is a way of identifying whether a substance that comes in contact with the skin is causing
Allergic contact dermatitis is a classic delayed type hypersensitivity, or a type IV immunological reaction This reaction
Indication Patient with suspected contact dermatitis Patient with all cases dermatitis of the hand, face, lower legs, an
Preparing the patch test Medical staff (operator) and patient Patch test tools ( finn chamber and marker ) allergens
Medical staff (operator) Patch test are performed by trained nurses. Dermatologist and allergists in dermatology or All
The patients Stop in using medication with corticosteroid Do not expose your back to the sun for four weeks before your
Keep the back dry, so not baths, shower or sweating Do not swim,rub,or exercise, as the patches may come off
The allergens that are mostly usually implicated in this allergic contact dermatitis are contact allergens such as nikel,

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