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Multitasking vs Multithreading Explained

This document discusses multithreading concepts in Java including: 1. The differences between multitasking and multithreading involve processes vs threads and sharing of resources. 2. Threads are lightweight processes that can share data and run concurrently within a process. 3. Threads can be implemented by implementing the Runnable interface or extending the Thread class. 4. Threads have a lifecycle of states including new, runnable, dead, and blocked/waiting states.

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Santoshi Ramaraju
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4 views13 pages

Multitasking vs Multithreading Explained

This document discusses multithreading concepts in Java including: 1. The differences between multitasking and multithreading involve processes vs threads and sharing of resources. 2. Threads are lightweight processes that can share data and run concurrently within a process. 3. Threads can be implemented by implementing the Runnable interface or extending the Thread class. 4. Threads have a lifecycle of states including new, runnable, dead, and blocked/waiting states.

Uploaded by

Santoshi Ramaraju
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

THREADS

By Santhoshi Jyotsna Jaideep S

MULTITASKING VS MULTITHREADING

Similarities
Performing multiple tasks concurrently. OS dependent for time slicing and context switching Optimum utilization of CPU resources.

Differences
In multitasking require n processes for n jobs. In multithreading require one process for n jobs.

PROCESS VS THREADS
Threads are leightweight processes. One process cannot access another process but threads can share data between each other. JVM (or) OS (or) both decides which thread would run at given point of time. Single core processor runs one thread whereas multi core processor runs multiple threads. Threads take job and execute in parallel and overall task finishes faster. Ex : Google docs we used day before yesterday.

USING THREADS

Two ways
Implementing the Runnable interface, Extending the Thread class, itself.

If extends from one class we cannot extend from another class but we can implement interface even though we extend a class. Always preferred to implement runnable than to extend thread class.

LIFE CYCLE OF A THREAD


New Runnable Dead

Lock Sleep Running I/O blocked

METHODS
public static void yield() public static void sleep(long millisec) public static void join() (Different parameters) public static void run() public static void start()

PRIORITY
Thread priority is a number used by thread scheduler to decide the preferences in allocating CPU cycles to the threads. In [Link] class, there are constants that represents the priority

MIN_PRIORITY (1) MAX_PRIORITY (10) NORM_PRIORITY (5) Syntax : [Link](Thread,MAX_PRIORITY) or [Link](8)

DAEMON THREAD

It provides services to user threads for background supporting tasks. It has no role in life than to serve user threads. Its life depends on user threads. Its a low priority thread.

Note : If you want to make a user thread as daemon thread, it must not be started otherwise it will through illegalThreadStateeException

SYNCHRONIZED METHODS
Whenever multiple threads are acting upon the same shared resource there is a chance of data inconsistency and we say multi threaded apps are not thread safe. Levels of synchronization

Method level synchronization Block level synchronization

DEAD LOCK

When each thread is waiting for other threads to release the lock before it can continue. But neither thread will release the lock until it finishes this situation is known as dead lock.
Thread 1 Thread 2

AVOIDING DEAD LOCK


Example program Call suspend within run(), outside the synchronization method.

INTERTHREAD COMMUNICATION

Threads communicate one another using three methods of [Link] class. All these three methods can be called only in the synchronized context.
wait() notify() notifyAll()

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