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Granular Fracture Mechanics Overview

This document discusses fracture mechanics and different types of material failure. It addresses brittle versus ductile fracture, the modes of crack propagation, and approaches to characterize cracks including energy release rate, stress intensity factor, and the J-integral. It also discusses how these factors are used to determine critical stresses and energy release rates needed for crack initiation or propagation in different materials.

Uploaded by

Goutham Burra
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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18 views9 pages

Granular Fracture Mechanics Overview

This document discusses fracture mechanics and different types of material failure. It addresses brittle versus ductile fracture, the modes of crack propagation, and approaches to characterize cracks including energy release rate, stress intensity factor, and the J-integral. It also discusses how these factors are used to determine critical stresses and energy release rates needed for crack initiation or propagation in different materials.

Uploaded by

Goutham Burra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Fracture mechanics

Fracture
Brittle fracture
Ductile fracture
Inter granular Trans granular
Modes of crack
Potency of a crack
1) Energy release rate
2) Stress intensity factor
3) J-integral approach
4) Crack tip opening displacement
Applicable for brittle and
less ductile materials
Ductile and brittle materials
Ductile materials
Energy release rate
Inglis solution
Surface energy ()
Griffith analysis: Energy release rate
Energy required to create two new surfaces is given by
For the crack to propagate i.e.,
For a safe crack stress require to advance a crack is
Applicable only for brittle materials like diamond and glass for
ductile materials we can write






|
.
|

\
|
+ =
b
a
o
2
1
max
22
o o
E
B a
E
B a
E
R
2 2 2 2
2
o t o
= =
aB E
s
4 =
a
dE
da
dE
s R
>

o t
B
E
aB
4
2
2
>
2
2
to
E
a
c
s
2
1
2
|
.
|

\
|
=
a
E
c
t

o
P n
+ =
Critical energy release rate
Thin plate
Thick plate
Critical energy release rate

Stress intensity factor
Stress analysis leads define a parameter, stress intensity factor (k)
Stress at the crack tip depends on far field stresses, crack length,
position and specimen dimensions.







If r 0, stress tends to be infinite. Such solutions are called
singular solution in this case it is known as square root singularity.
. However stress intensity factor is defined as










( )
( )
(

=
2
3
sin
2
sin 1
2
cos
2 2
1
2
1
11
u u u
t
t o
o
r
a
( )
( )
(

+ =
2
3
sin
2
sin 1
2
cos
2 2
1
2
1
22
u u u
t
t o
o
r
a
( )
( )
(

=
2
3
cos
2
cos
2
sin
2 2
1
2
1
12
u u u
t
t o
o
r
a
) , , , , ( geometry r a f
ij
u o o =
22
o
( )2
1
a K
I
t o =
( ) ) 0 , ( 2
22
2
1
= = u o t r r K
I
Stress intensity factor
Point load




Principle of superposition:




x a
x a
a
P
K
A

=
t
1
x a
x a
a
P
K
B
+

=
t
1
C B A total
K K K K
1 1 1 1
+ + =
Stress intensity factor
Relation between K and G
Critical stress intensity factor




) 1 (
2
2
) (
2
1
1
2
v t +
|
.
|

\
| A
=
s a K
s u
I
( )2
1 22
2
) (
s
K
s
I
t
o =
Total elastic work required by in
closing the crack is equal to the energy
released
22
o
}
A
= A
a
I
u B
a B G
0
2 22
2
2
o
E
K
G
I
I
2
=
For a mixed mode crack
E
K
E
K
E
K
G
III II I
2 2 2
+ + =

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