Dr. S.
SREENIVASA MURHTY INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ENTERPRISE HYDERABAD
OUTLINE
Investment Alternatives
Investment Attributes
Investment versus Speculation
Financial Markets Portfolio Management Process Approaches to Investment Decision Making Common Errors in Investment Management Qualities for Successful Investing
INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVES
Investment Avenues Nonmarketable Financial Assets Bonds
Equity Shares Money Market Instruments
Mutual Fund Schemes Real Estate
Life Insurance Policies Precious Objects Financial Derivatives
INVESTMENT ATTRIBUTES RETURN RISK LIQUIDITY TAX SHELTER
CONVENIENCE
EVALUATION OF VARIOUS INVESTMENT AVENUES
Return Current yield Capital appreciation Equity Shares Nonconvertible Debentures Equity Schemes Debt Schemes Bank Deposits Public Provident Fund Life Insurance Policies Residential House Gold and Silver Low High Low Moderate Moderate Nil High Negligible High Low Nil Moderate Risk High Low High Low Negligible Nil Marketability/ Liquidity Fairly high Average High High High Average Tax Shelter High Nil High No tax on dividends Nil Section 80 C benefit Section 80 C benefit High Nil Convenience High High Very high Very high Very high Very high
Nil Moderate Nil
Moderate Moderate Moderate
Nil
Average Low Average
Very High Fair Average
Negligible Average
INVESTMENT VS. SPECULATION INVESTOR
PLANNING HORIZON RISK DISPOSITION LONG MODERATE
SPECULATOR
SHORT HIGH
RETURN EXPECTATION
BASIS FOR DECISIONS LEVERAGE
MODEST
FUNDAMENTAL NO
HIGH
TECHNICAL HIGH
CLASSIFICATI ON OF FINANCIAL MARKETS
DEBT MARKET NATURE OF CLAIM EQUITY MARKET MONEY MARKET MATURITY OF CLAIM CAPITAL MARKET PRIMARY MARKET SEASONING OF CLAIM SECONDARY MARKET CASH OR SPOT MARKET TIMING OF DELIVERY FORWARD OR FUTURES MARKET EXCHANGE-TRADED MARKET ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OVER-THE-COUNTER MARKET
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT PROCCESS
SPECIFICATION OF INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND CONSTRAINTS CHOICE OF ASSET MIX
FORMULATION OF PORTFOLIO STRATEGY SELECTION OF SECURITIES
PORTFOLIO EXECUTION
PORTFOLIO REVISION
PORTFOLIO EVALUATION
APPROACHES TO INVESTMENT
DECISION MAKING
FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
RANDOM WALK HYPOTHESIS
COMMON ERRORS IN INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
INVESTORS APPEAR TO BE PRONE TO THE FOLLOWING ERRORS IN MANAGING THEIR INVESTMENTS.
INADEQUATE COMPREHENSION OF RETURN AND RISK VAGUELY FORMULATED INVESTMENT POLICY NAVE EXTRAPOLATION OF THE PAST CURSORY DECISION MAKING MISPLACED LOVE FOR CHEAP STOCKS OVER-DIVERSIFICATION AND UNDER-DIVERSIFICATION BUYING SHARES OF FAMILIAR COMPANIES WRONG ATTITUDE TOWARD LOSSES AND PROFITS TENDENCY TO SPECULATE
QUALITIES FOR SUCCESSFUL
INVESTING
CONTRARY THINKING PATIENCE COMPOSURE FLEXIBILITY AND OPENNESS DECISIVENESS
SUMMING UP
A bewildering range of investment avenues is available.
For evaluating an investment, the following attributes are relevant: rate of return, risk, marketability, tax shelter, and convenience. A financial market is a market for creation and exchange of financial assets. Financial markets can be classified by the nature of claim, maturity of claim, seasoning of claim, timing of delivery, and organisational structure. Portfolio management is a complex activity which can be broken down into a series of steps. The stock market is thronged by investors pursuing diverse investment strategies. Investors are prone to various errors The qualities of contrary thinking, patience, composure, flexibility, and decisiveness are required to succeed in the investment game.