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Mortality Rate Indicators and Causes

This document defines and provides formulas for calculating several mortality rates and health indicators. These include crude death rate, cause-specific death rate, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, post neonatal mortality rate, preschool mortality rate, stillbirth rate, stillbirth ratio, and proportionate mortality rate. Formulas are provided to calculate each rate based on data about deaths, births, and population in a given year and location. Main causes of death for children under five are also presented.

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Nishima Sagar
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10 views18 pages

Mortality Rate Indicators and Causes

This document defines and provides formulas for calculating several mortality rates and health indicators. These include crude death rate, cause-specific death rate, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, post neonatal mortality rate, preschool mortality rate, stillbirth rate, stillbirth ratio, and proportionate mortality rate. Formulas are provided to calculate each rate based on data about deaths, births, and population in a given year and location. Main causes of death for children under five are also presented.

Uploaded by

Nishima Sagar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Mortality rate indicators.

Crude death rate


Total number of deaths in specific year and place X 1000

Estimated mid year population of the same year and place

Cause specific death rate


Number of deaths due to specific disease in specific year and place X 1000

Estimated mid year population of the same year and place

Infant Mortality Rate


Number of deaths of children <one year In a given year and place. X1000

Total number of live births at the same Year and place

Main Causes of Death


Disease or Condition
Neonatal Illnesses

Proportion of Underfive Deaths


33%

Diarrhea
Pneumonia Malaria AIDS Measles Other

22%
21% 9% 3% 1% 9%

Malnutrition is an underlying cause of 53% of all child deaths


Source: The Lancet. Vol.361, June 28, 2003

Causes of infant mortality


birth defects have been the leading cause of infant mortality. Prematurity/low birthweight (LBW) was the second leading cause of infant mortality. sudden infant death syndrome. maternal pregnancy complications. respiratory distress syndrome

Neonatal mortality rate


Number of deaths below 28 days of life During certain year and place X 1000 Total number of live births in the same Year and place

Post neonatal mortality rate


Number of deaths 28 days to one year of life during certain year and place X 1000 Total number of live births in the same Year and place

Preschool mortality rate


Number of deaths of children 1-4 year In a given year and place. X 1000

Mid year population at the same Year and place

Causes of Death in the World Age<5 yrs


Malaria

20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 COD

Injuries Mealses Non Communic. Disease Other Perinatal Acute Resp. Infections Diarrhea

% of Deaths

~11 Million Children Die/year


(70% From 5 Major Causes)

Malaria 7%

ARI 29%

Other 31%
Birth Trauma Neonatal Deaths Tetanus Fever Low Birth Weight

Malnutrition 56%
Measles 8%

Diarrhea 25%

Maternal Mortality rate


Number of maternal deaths associate with Pregnancy, delivery & puerperium during certain year and place X 1000 Number of live births in the same year And place

Still birth rate


Number of still births during specific year and place X 1000 Total births during that year and place

Still birth ratio


Number of fetal deaths of 28 weeks of gestation or more in certain year and place X 1000 Number of live births in the same year and place

Placental problems. Placental abruption due to pre-eclampsia and smoking. Birth defects: between 5 and 10 percent of stillborn babies have abnormalities involving their chromosomes. Growth restriction. Babies who are small for gestational age. Infections. Bacterial infections are an important cause of fetal deaths that occur between 24 and 27 weeks of gestation.

Proportionate mortality rate


Number of deaths due to a particular cause during certain year and place X 100 Total number of deaths due to all causes in the same year and place

Case fatality rate


Number of deaths due to a particular disease X 100 Total number of cases of that disease

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