Job Analysis
A Basic Human Resource Tool
Studying and understanding jobs through the process known as job analysis is a vital part of any HRM program.
JOBNALYSIS:
The systematic collecting and recording of information about the - purpose of a job, its major duties, the conditions under which it is performed, the required contacts with others and the knowledge, skills and abilities needed to perform it effectively.
Job Analysis
Knowing Who Does What?
Purposes of the job Analysis
Major duties or activities required
Conditions under which the job is performed
What Is a Job?
Work
Effort directed toward producing or accomplishing results
Task
A distinct, identifiable work activity composed of motions
Duty
A larger work segment composed of several tasks that are performed by an individual.
Responsibility
An obligation to perform certain tasks and duties.
Position
Set of tasks and duties performed by single individual
Job
Group of positions that are identical with respect to their major significant tasks and sufficiently alike to be covered by single analysis
Occupation
General class of jobs
Career
Sequence of jobs held by individual throughout lifetime
Job Description
Written narrative describing activities performed on a job; includes info about equipment used and working conditions.
Job Specification
Identifies major job responsibilities; outlines specific Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSAs) and other physical and personal characteristics necessary to perform a job.
Other Important Job Analysis Terms
Job
Grouping of tasks, duties, & responsibilities that constitutes the total work assignment for employees
A job is a set of closely related activities carried out for pay
Job Analysis Defined
Job Analysis is the SYSTEMATIC process of collecting and making judgments about all the important information related to a job.
This Analysis Includes
Identifying tasks/duties performed Identifying Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSAs) required to perform those tasks
Reasons For Conducting Job Analysis
Staffing Training and Development
Compensation and Benefits
Safety and Health Employee and Labor Relations
Legal Considerations
Types of Job Analysis Information
Work activities
Worker-oriented activities Machines, tools, equipment, and work aids used
Job-related tangibles and intangibles Work performance Job content Personal requirements for the job
Questions Job Analysis Should Answer
What physical and mental tasks does the worker accomplish?
When does the job have to be completed? Where is the job to be accomplished?
How does the worker do the job?
Why is the job done?
What qualifications are needed to perform the job?
Job Analysis Decisions
What type of information will be collected? How will the information be collected? How will the information be recorded or documented?
When Job analysis Is performed
When the organization is founded When new jobs are created
When jobs are changed significantly as a result of new technologies, methods, procedures, or systems
Uses of Job Analysis
Equal Employment
HR Planning
Recruitment
Selection
HR Research
Job Analysis
HR Development
Employee & Labor Relations
Safety & Health
Compensation & Benefits
Performance Appraisal
Importance of Job Analysis
Provide realistic job information's regarding duties, working conditions, and requirements Identifies relationships between supervisors and subordinates
Defines duties and related tasks Time required to perform duties
Basis for training, career planning, and career development
Help to determine the worth/pay
Strategic Importance of Job Analysis
Change in way the organization operates Change in organizations strategic goals Results in Job descriptions Job specifications
Change in people skills required
Steps in Job Analysis
Step 6
Develop job description/ specification
Step 5
Step 4 Step 3 Step 2 Step 1
Review information with incumbents
Collect data to analyze job
Select representative positions to analyse
Review background information
Identify how information will be used
Job Analysis Information
Job Context
plant assembly line
Worker Requirements
knowledge, skills, abilities
Job Content
assemble boxes
Job analysis outcomes
Job description Job specification
Job evaluation
