Acceleration Math Course

14 - 31 August 2022 (3 weeks)

Topics that will be covered
- Percentages / Ratios/ Algebra
•Conversion of decimals to fractions, fractions to
decimals, fractions to percentages and decimals to
percentages.
•Calculating percentages of quantities
•Ratio dividing
•Transposition of formulae -Rearranging formulae,
Substituting in formula
•Simplification of Algebraic Fractions, factorize, expand
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Topics that will be covered
Algebra, Statistics, Trigonometry, Calculus, Geometry
•Linear Equations
•Quadratic Equations
•Simultaneous Equations
•Rules of Indices and exponential equations
•Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
•Pythagoras Theorem/Rules of Angles in general and in circles
•Trigonometric Ratios: Sin, Cos, Tan
•Differentiation
•Area and Volume: simple shapes
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1: Fractions and Percentages
To convert Fractions to Percentages:
Divide the top of the fraction by the bottom, multiply by 100 and add a ""
sign.
Example 1: What is as a percentage?

Solution:
In your calculator type "", the calculator will show , then multiply by 100
and your answer is: .

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To convert Percentages to Fractions: Divide by 100, then simplify
Example 2: Convert 80% to a fraction.
Solution: Divide 80 by 100 → 80 /100.
There are two methods to simplify the above.
Method 1: Enter in the calculator then press ‘’. The calculator will automatically
convert the fraction to its simplest form, which is .
Method 2: Divide both the top and the bottom by 20. The fraction after the
division will be which is the simplest form.
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1. Fractions, decimals and percentages

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1. Fractions, decimals and percentages

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1. Fractions, decimals and percentages

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Percentages

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Percentages

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Percentages

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2. Percentage of Quantities

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2. Percentage of Quantities

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Percentages Problems

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Percentage of change: Increase/Decrease

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3: Ratio
Introduction: In mathematics, ​
o A ratio is a comparison of two or more numbers that indicates their
sizes in relation to each other. ​The sign used to denote a ratio is ‘:’.
o A ratio compares two quantities by division.​
o A ratio is a fraction where the numerator is termed.
as antecedent, and denominator is termed as consequent.​
o A ratio can be written as a fraction, say .

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3-Ratio

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Example 1: Two numbers are in the ratio . If the sum of the numbers is , then
what is larger number?​
Solution:​
Method1: Let the numbers be and .
The sum is (Given)
(Adding and Simplifying)
Therefore, the Largest number is: .
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Method 2:
Total ratio: and the sum is
The larger number Raito of
.

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Example 2: If the weight of sheets of thick paper is grams, how many sheets
of the same paper would weigh grams?
Solution: Let the number of grams sheets be .

Here number of sheets and its weights are in direct proportional.

So, sheets.
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3. Ratio

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Practice Test Questions

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4- Rearrange Formula and Solve Equations
Introduction:
o Rearranging formulas means rewriting them in different ways such that
the variable requested (subject) is left on one side of the equation.
o Rearranging formulas is an important skill in mathematics, particularly
in solving equations.

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o Add or Subtract the same quantity to or from both sides
Tip: This is equivalent to moving a quantity from one side to another
with a different sign.
Example: Make 𝑥 the subject of the formula

Solution:
(moved to the other side as )

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o Multiply or divide both sides by the same quantity
Tip: This is equivalent to moving a quantity from one side to another with
the opposite operation; i.e., move it as division if it was originally
multiplication and move it as multiplication if it was originally division.
Example: Make 𝑥 the subject of the formula 𝑎 + 3𝑥 = 𝑦 + 𝑧.
Solution:
(moved 𝑎 to the other side as )
(the 3 which is multiplied by 𝑥 was moved as division)
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4-Transposition of Formula

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4-Transposition of Formula

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Answers of excercises

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5: Simplification
Introduction:
In simplifying algebraic expressions,
o A mathematical expression which contains ordinary numbers, variables
(like , , …) and operators (like add, subtract, multiply, and divide).
o We need to simplify the above type of mathematical expressions by
following a few simple rules like: Collecting like terms, Multiplying out
brackets, Simplifying algebraic expressions, Factorizing algebraic
expressions.
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Example 1: Simplify the following:

Solution:

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Example 2: Simplify the following:

Solution:
2

3 2
𝑏
𝑎

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Excercises

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Exercises

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Excercises

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Linear Equations

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6: Quadratic Equations
Introduction: A quadratic equation is an equation of the standard form
where and are real constants and .
There are different methods to solve this quadratic equation:
o Factorization
o Quadratic Formula
o Completing Square
o Calculator
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Example: Solve the equation for .
Solution:
(Given in the form )
(Here .
Product &
Sum
The solution is or .
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Solving Quadratic Equation by Using Calculator
Step 1: Check that the equation to be solved is written out in standard form (if not, rewrite)
Step 2: Press MODE button and then Press 5 button for 5:EQN.
Step 3: You see types of equations. Then Press 3 button to solve Quadratic Equation 3:aX2+bX+c=0.
Step 4: (You will see the places for a, b, c). Enter value for a (as 1), then press = button, Enter value for
b (as -8), then = button, Enter value for c (as 15), then = button. (You will see all the values which are
entered)
Step 5: Press = button, then you will see X1 value (as 3) on the display. Again Press = button, then you
will see X2 value (as 5) on the display. These X1 and X2 values are solutions of the given Quadratic
Equation.

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Video on Solving Quadratic Equation by Using Calculator
Quadratic Equation:

Coefficients are:

The values are:

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7: Simultaneous Equations (Two Linear Equations with
Two Unknowns)
Introduction:
o Simultaneous equations are pairs of equations that are both true (i.e., they are
simultaneously true).
o These both equations are expressed as Linear equations () with two unknowns and
as below:

o By making one of these unknowns the subject of both equations, we can then apply
Elimination Method/Substitution Method/Calculator to solve the unknowns and .
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Example: Solve the following System of Simultaneous Linear Equations:

Solution: Let’s apply Elimination Method to find its solution. To eliminate

(or from the above system, multiply Eq. with and then add both the
equations.

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Substitute in Eq. (or ).

Therefore, the solution of the given system is:

.

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Solving Simultaneous Equations by Using Calculator:
(Casio fx-991ES)
Step 1: Check that the two linear equations to be solved is written out in
standard form (if not, rewrite)
Step 2: Press MODE button and then Press 5 button for 5:EQN.
Step 3: You see types of equations. Then Press 1 button to solve
Simultaneous Equations 1: anX+bnY=cn.

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Step 5: Press = button, then you will see X value (as 4) on the display. Again Press = button, then you
will see Y value (as 2) on the display. This X and Y values are solutions of the given Simultaneous
Equations.
Step 4: (You will see the places for a, b, c for both the equations).
For the First Equation, Enter value for a (as 6), then press = button, Enter value for b (as 1), then =
button, Enter value for c (as 26), then = button. (You will see all the values which are entered for first
equation)
For the Second Equation, Enter value for a (as 7), then press = button, Enter value for b (as -3), then =
button, Enter value for c (as 22), then = button. (You will see all the values which are entered for
second equation).
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Video on Solving Simultaneous Equations by Using
Calculator
Simultaneous Equations:

Coefficients are:

The values are:

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Practice Test Questions

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8-Measures of Central Tendency
o Mean:
Sum of values divided by the total number of the values
o Median:
The middle value of the data set
o Mode:
The most frequently occurred number

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Mean Formula:

Example: Calculate the mean for: 18, 24, 17, 21, 24, 16, 29, 18
Solution:
Mean
.

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Median (): Arrange data ascendingly and find the value in the middle

Example: Calculate the median for: 18, 24, 17, 21, 24, 16, 29
Solution:
16, 17, 18, 21, 24, 24, 29 (Data in ascending order and
the data is

odd)
Median .
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Median (): Arrange data ascendingly and find the value in the middle

Example: Calculate the median for: 18, 24, 17, 21, 24, 16, 29, 19
Solution:
16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24, 24, 29 (Data in ascending order and the
data
is
even)
Median . (Average of two middle values)
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9: Trigonometry-Pythagoras Theorem
Definition:
The longest side of the triangle is called the
"hypotenuse", and then the formal definition
is:
In a right-angled triangle, the square of the
hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares
of the other two sides.
From the figure, .

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Example 1: The foot of a ladder is placed from the wall.
If the top of the ladder rests up on the wall, how long is
the ladder?
Solution:
Using Pythagoras theorem,
The length of the ladder is

ft.

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Example 2: In triangle , find the length of side correct
to 1 d.p.
Solution:
Using Pythagoras theorem,

cm
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Rules of Indices and Exponential Equations

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Indices Rules

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Indices Rules

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Exponential Equations

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Exercises

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10: Differentiation
Introduction:
o Differentiation is a technique which can be used for analyzing the way in
which functions change.
o In precise, it measures how quickly a function is changing at any point. (The
rate of change). We will use different differentiation rules to find the
derivatives of the given functions.
o If , then derivative of with respect to is: or
o Basic Rule:
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Example 1: Find the derivative of .

Solution:

(Formula: )
.

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Example 2: Find .

Solution:

(Formula: )
.

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Example 3: If , find .
Solution:

(Rule: )
.

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Exercises
1. Simplify .
2. Calculate mean for 75, 87, 49, 68, 75, 84, 98.
3. Calculate median for 75, 87, 49, 68, 75, 84, 98.
4. Calculate median for 75, 87, 49, 68, 75, 84, 98, 14.
5. Differentiate the flowing:
a)
b)
c)
d)
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Thank you
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