Intro to ABAQUS
Rob Matthews ECS (French Building Room 004) [Link]@[Link] MWF 12-4, TR 8-12
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HELP !!!
ABAQUS help not very helpful Lots of information Poor organization Even worse search utility Getting started with ABAQUS Online material
Start Here
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Overview
What is ABAQUS, and what can it do? ABAQUS general program structure Getting acquainted with ABAQUS CAE General modeling steps Static Cantilever Beam example Modal Turbine Blade example
What can ABAQUS do?
What cant ABAQUS do
Computational fluid dynamics, Electromagnetics, Magicgarbage in garbage out
What can ABAQUS do
Most anything structurally related; elastostatic, elastodynamic, stability, heat transfer, soils, etc.
ABAQUS Nonlinear Analysis
Material nonlinearity User defined materials Geometric nonlinearity Large deformations BC nonlinearity Contact, mechanisms
Program Structure
Preprocessor geometry, materials, mesh, loads, BCs abaqus cae Postprocessor pretty plots, graphs, data files abaqus viewer
Python script .py or .rpy
[Link]
[Link], [Link] [Link], [Link] Solver Number crunching guts, Abaqus/standard Abaqus/explicit
ABAQUS CAE Layout
Main Menu New, Open, Save, Print Selection Tools Display Tools
Abaqus/Viewer Abaqus/CAE
Module, Model, & Part Selectors
Model Tree Module Tools Viewport Area
Message Area Command Line
General Modeling Steps
1.
Clearly define the problem at hand
Sketches, material properties, BCs & ICs, assumptions, plan of action
2. 3. 4. 5.
Create part geometry ABAQUS/CAE or Pro/E, SolidEdge, etc. .iges file Specify/assign Material properties Create model assembly if necessary Define analysis steps initial step if for (displacement) BCs, create other steps for load cases of interest
Define output requests, time step increments, etc. for each analysis step Define/assign (non-displacement) BCs, ICs to load steps
6. 7.
Define elements, controls, & mesh parts Submit analysis
>abaqus job=[Link]
8.
Review the results
>abaqus viewer database=[Link]
9.
Make corrections and repeat as needed
DO THE RESULTS MAKE PHYSICAL SENSE!!!!!!!!!!
Cantilever Beam Example
Getting Started with ABAQUS: Appendix B
Problem description: Static (linear-elastic) stress analysis of a steel cantilever beam under an applied pressure load Steel properties: E=209E3 MPa, n=0.3 BCs: Fixed left end => (no x, y, or z displacements or rotations) Loads: 0.5 MPa static pressure on top surface
NOTE: ALL FEA SOFTWARE IS UNITLESS YOU MUST BE CONSISTENT!!! Example: What is the English unit for mass?
Create the Geometry
Start ABAQUS CAE Create Model Database DBL-Click Parts Fill out Dialog
Name = BEAM 3D, Deformable, Solid, Extrusion Approx. Size = 300
Rectangle Bar
1. 2. 3. 4. Draw the rectangle Edit the dimensions Click Done Depth = 25 OK
Try: Ctrl-Alt LMB Scroll
Python CLI (Check out C:\Temp\[Link])
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from abaqus import * from abaqusConstants import * [Link](name='Viewport: 1', origin=(0.0, 0.0), width=94.5, height=66.5624957680702) [Link]['Viewport: 1'].makeCurrent() [Link]['Viewport: 1'].maximize() from caeModules import * from driverUtils import executeOnCaeStartup executeOnCaeStartup() Mdb() #: A new model database has been created. #: The model "Model-1" has been created. [Link]['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=None) s = [Link]['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__', sheetSize=300.0) g, v, d, c = [Link], [Link], [Link], [Link] [Link](option=STANDALONE) [Link](point1=(-25.0, 10.0), point2=(55.0, -20.0)) [Link](vertex1=v[3], vertex2=v[0], textPoint=(-12.085789680481, 16.9377517700195), value=200.0) [Link](vertex1=v[0], vertex2=v[1], textPoint=(-39.5603218078613, -1.47590291500092), value=20.0) p = [Link]['Model-1'].Part(name=BEAM', dimensionality=THREE_D, type=DEFORMABLE_BODY) p = [Link]['Model-1'].parts[BEAM'] [Link](sketch=s, depth=25.0) [Link]() p = [Link]['Model-1'].parts[BEAM'] [Link]['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p) del [Link]['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
But I digressMaterial
DBL Click
Sections ???
What is a section and why do we need it?
A section is essentially a reference to a material model (steel, wood, etc.) Suppose a single part geometry with different regions having different material props or a model space with multiple parts Sections provide a mechanism to assign different material properties to different part regions or different parts, etc.
Section Creation
DBL Click Sections
Name =BeamSection Solid Homogeneous
Continue
Material = Steel
OK
Section Assignment
Part will turn green
Assembly (like Pro/E, SolidEdge, )
Analysis Steps
Initial Step created by Abaqus
Use for displacement BCs (base state before loads)
Create other steps as needed General Step
Linear or nonlinear analysis
Linear Perturbation Step
Linear analysis based on instantaneous state and instantaneous modulus
Step Solution Controls
Lots of options Typically dont mess with this unless you know what youre doing Most options relate to nonlinear analyses
Output Request Manager
Applying Fixed-End BC
Fixed-End BC Contd
Applied Load BC (Similar Process)
Applied Load BC Contd
Meshing the Beam
Element Type: 3D Quadratic Brick
Why not Linear?
s~e e ~ u Linear u => constant u => constant e & s in the element
Why Linear?
Less expensive for non-linear analyses
Seeding the Part
Seeds are just boundary edge nodes used for initiating a mesh seed size ~ mesh density
Creating the Mesh
Creating a Job for our Model
DBL-Click Jobs Create a new Job Edit Job some pretty handy features & lots of options
Submitting the Job
C:\Temp\[Link]
*Heading Cantilever beam under pressure ** Job name: BeamJob Model name: Model-1 *Preprint, echo=NO, model=NO, history=NO, contact=NO ** ** PARTS ** *Part, name=BEAM *Node 1, 155., 15., 25. 2, 155., 5., 25. 3, 155., -5., 25. 4, 155., 15., 16.666666
Viewing Results
Other Results
A Real World Problem
Jet Engine Compressor Blade
Fixed base Rotation body forcepull Gas Pressure forces of blades pressure side Vibrational modes Ignoring temperature effects for now
Problem Specs
Steel Compressor Blade
E = 2.09E11 Pa n = 0.3 r = 7860 kg/m^3
20 mm
P
70 mm
Blade Span = 0.070m Blade Chord = 0.020m Blade Pitch = 0.5m More Dimensions on next slide Angular velocity = 1000 rad/sec Gas Pressure = 12000 Pa Axis of rotation = 0.050 m from blade base (twist point) Blade base is fixed Want first 20 mode shapes and natural frequencies for the spinning and pressurized blade Ignore temperature effects & assume linear elastic behavior
w
FIXED
50 mm
Geometry (X-section)
Geometry (Extrude Step)
When making the extrusion specify a pitch for the part = 0.5 (2-3 view should appear as below)
Material: Steel
Section(s): Create & Assign
Essentially exact same procedure as before
BladeSection material = Steel Assign BladeSection to the part blade
Mesh (Element Type - 3D quad brick)
Mesh: Seed the Part (size=.00185)
Finish the Mesh
Assembly
Assembly Contd
Use the translate command to offset the blade so that it is 50mm (along z-axis) from global origin this way we can use the global x-axis as our rotation axis
Define Analysis Steps
Initial Step (created by ABAQUS)
Here will go our fixed end BC
Create a Tension Step
General, Static step Here will go our rotation body force
Create a Pressure Step
General, Static step Here will go our pressure
Create a Modal Step
Linear Perturbation, Frequency step No BCs or loads just a modal analysis
Modal Step Options
Define BC (FixedBase for Initial Step)
Define Load for Tension Step
Define Load for Pressure Step
Create & Submit Job & Look at the Results
Results: Getting Set Up
Results: Rotational Results
Results: Rotation + Pressure
Results: Mode 2
Results: Mode 7 & so on
THE END!!!!