MULTIPLE-CHOICE TEST
Choose the best answer for each item.
Part A — Simple vs Conditional Probability (Items 1–7)
1. A die is rolled. What is the probability of getting a 3?
A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 1/6
D. 1/8
2. Which statement BEST describes simple probability?
A. Probability of two events happening together
B. Probability of an event given another already happened
C. Probability of an event with no conditions
D. Probability of repeating events
3. From a deck of cards, what type of probability is
“The probability of drawing a King given that the card is a face card” ?
A. Simple probability
B. Conditional probability
C. Experimental probability
D. Theoretical probability
4. A bag contains 5 red and 3 blue marbles. What is the probability of drawing a blue
marble?
A. 3/5
B. 3/8
C. 5/8
D. 1/3
5. Which situation shows conditional probability?
A. Rolling a die and getting a 6
B. Drawing a card from a deck
C. Getting a Queen given that the card is red
D. Picking a random number from 1–10
6. What is meant by P(A | B)?
A. Probability of A and B together
B. Probability of A or B
C. Probability of A happening after B fails
D. Probability of A given that B has happened
7. Which situation represents simple (unconditional) probability?
A. Probability of passing a test given that you studied
B. Probability of being late given heavy traffic
C. Probability of getting heads on a coin toss
D. Probability of winning given you bought a ticket
Part B — Calculating Conditional Probability (Items 8–14)
8. At a school,
P(T) = 0.60 (attend tutorials)
Find P(P | T).
P(T∩P) = 0.48 (attend tutorials AND pass)
A. 0.60
B. 0.48
C. 0.80
D. 0.12
9. In a library,
P(S) = 0.40 (borrow science books)
Find P(L | S).
P(S∩L) = 0.18 (borrow AND return late)
A. 0.22
B. 0.45
C. 0.40
D. 0.60
10. At basketball tryouts,
P(B) = 0.50 (tried out)
Find P(S | B).
P(B∩S) = 0.20 (tried and selected)
A. 0.20
B. 0.25
C. 0.40
D. 0.50
11. At school,
P(A) = 0.70 (attend regularly)
Find P(H | A).
P(A∩H) = 0.56 (attend AND submit homework on time)
A. 0.56
B. 0.60
C. 0.70
D. 0.80
12. In exam performance,
P(G) = 0.40 (study group)
Find P(H | G).
P(G∩H) = 0.28 (study group AND score high)
A. 0.60
B. 0.65
C. 0.70
D. 0.75
13. In the cafeteria,
P(C) = 0.50 (buy snacks)
Find P(H | C).
P(C∩H) = 0.20 (buy snacks AND choose healthy)
A. 0.20
B. 0.25
C. 0.30
D. 0.40
14. Which formula is used for conditional probability?
A. P(A∪B) = P(A)+P(B)
B. P(A | B) = P(A∩B) / P(B)
C. P(A) = n(A) / n(S)
D. P(A∩B) = P(A) + P(B)
Part C — Independent and Dependent Events (Items 15–20)
15. Events A and B are independent if
A. P(A)=P(B)
B. P(A∩B)=0
C. P(A∩B)=P(A)×P(B)
D. P(A∪B)=P(A)+P(B)
16. Which pair of events is MOST LIKELY independent?
A. Attending tutorials and passing the test
B. Eating breakfast and doing well on a quiz
C. Rolling a die and wearing a school uniform
D. Joining science club and scoring high in science
17. Which situation BEST shows dependent events?
A. Flipping a coin and rolling a die
B. Studying and passing an exam
C. Wearing a uniform and test results
D. Sitting in the front row and wearing glasses
18. If two events are independent, then the occurrence of one
A. prevents the other from happening
B. increases the probability of the other
C. decreases the probability of the other
D. does not affect the probability of the other
19. A student joins a math competition and later gets a high grade in math. These events are
most likely
A. independent
B. mutually exclusive
C. dependent
D. impossible
20. Rolling a die and passing a history exam are most likely
A. dependent events
B. independent events
C. complementary events
D. mutually exclusive events
✅ Answer Key
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. C
11. D
12. C
13. D
14. B
15. C
16. C
17. B
18. D
19. C
20. B