INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, React, Node.
js)
HTML – 20 Questions
1. What is HTML? HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language used to create webpage structure.
2. What are semantic elements? Elements that describe meaning like header, section.
3. Difference between div and span? div is block, span is inline.
4. Purpose of doctype? Tells browser HTML version.
5. What is localStorage? Browser storage without expiry.
6. Difference between class and id? id is unique, class is reusable.
7. What is attribute? Extra info added to tag.
8. What is meta tag? Provides metadata.
9. What is form validation? Checking form correctness.
10. What is iframe? Embeds another webpage.
11. Script vs noscript? script runs JS; noscript shows fallback.
12. Viewport meta tag? Makes page responsive.
13. What is HTML5? New version with new features.
14. Block vs inline? Block full width; inline content width.
15. Canvas? Draw graphics.
16. Audio tag? .
17. Accessibility? Making web usable for disabled.
18. Lazy loading? Load images when visible.
19. data-* attribute? Custom data.
20. GET vs POST? GET shows data; POST hides.
CSS – 20 Questions
1. What is CSS? Styling language.
2. Types of CSS? Inline, internal, external.
3. Box model? Content-padding-border-margin.
4. display:none vs visibility:hidden? none removes; hidden keeps space.
5. Flexbox? One■dimensional layout.
6. Grid? Two■dimensional layout.
7. Specificity? Selector priority.
8. Z-index? Layer order.
9. Class vs ID? .class ; #id.
10. Pseudo-classes? :hover, :focus.
11. Pseudo-elements? ::before, ::after.
12. Media query? Responsive design.
13. Margin vs padding? Outside vs inside.
14. Position types? static, relative, absolute, fixed, sticky.
15. Float? Wrap text around elements.
16. rem vs em? rem = root; em = parent.
17. Preprocessor? Sass/Less.
18. Animation? @keyframes usage.
19. Inline vs block? Inline fits content; block full width.
20. Center div? margin:auto.
JavaScript – 20 Questions
1. What is JS? Scripting language.
2. Data types? String, Number, etc.
3. var vs let vs const? Scopes differ.
4. Hoisting? Moving declarations to top.
5. Callback? Function passed in argument.
6. Promise? Async handling.
7. async/await? Cleaner async.
8. Closure? Function + outer scope.
9. DOM? Document object model.
10. Event bubbling? Child → parent.
11. Event capturing? Parent → child.
12. == vs ===? Loose vs strict compare.
13. NaN? Not a number.
14. Arrow function? Shorter function.
15. Spread operator? ...arr.
16. Rest parameter? function(...args).
17. JSON? Data format.
18. Event loop? Async mechanism.
19. map/filter? Transform/filter array.
20. localStorage? Permanent browser store.
React – 20 Questions
1. React? UI library.
2. JSX? HTML + JS.
3. Components? Reusable UI blocks.
4. State? Mutable data.
5. Props? Read-only data.
6. Virtual DOM? Lightweight DOM.
7. useState? Manage state.
8. useEffect? Side effects.
9. Functional vs class components? Hooks vs lifecycle.
10. Prop drilling? Passing too deep.
11. Context API? Avoid prop drilling.
12. Keys? Unique list items.
13. Controlled components? State-controlled forms.
14. React Router? Navigation.
15. Redux? State manager.
16. useRef? Store mutable values.
17. memo? Prevent re-renders.
18. Fragments? Empty wrapper.
19. Lazy loading? Load on demand.
20. useCallback? Memoize function.
[Link] – 20 Questions
1. [Link]? JS runtime.
2. Why fast? Event-driven, non-blocking.
3. NPM? Package manager.
4. [Link]? Project metadata.
5. [Link]? Node framework.
6. Sync vs async? Blocking vs non-blocking.
7. Middleware? Functions between req/res.
8. REST API? HTTP-based API.
9. EventEmitter? Custom events.
10. Callback hell? Deep nested callbacks.
11. Avoid callback hell? Promises, async/await.
12. [Link]? Export modules.
13. require()? Import modules.
14. fs module? File system.
15. MongoDB? NoSQL database.
16. CORS? Cross-origin rules.
17. JWT? Authentication token.
18. process object? Node process info.
19. Clustering? Multi-core usage.
20. PM2? Process manager.