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Geography Notes

Coastal areas experience two high and two low tides daily, with variations in tidal range influenced by the sun and moon's alignment. Warm ocean currents moderate climates, while cold currents like the Labrador Current lead to colder eastern U.S. coasts. Rich fishing grounds are found where cold and warm currents converge, such as the Oyashio Current off Japan and the Kuroshio and Oyashio Currents on the Pacific coast of North America.

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14 views4 pages

Geography Notes

Coastal areas experience two high and two low tides daily, with variations in tidal range influenced by the sun and moon's alignment. Warm ocean currents moderate climates, while cold currents like the Labrador Current lead to colder eastern U.S. coasts. Rich fishing grounds are found where cold and warm currents converge, such as the Oyashio Current off Japan and the Kuroshio and Oyashio Currents on the Pacific coast of North America.

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juliuscaesarthegreat44
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• Two high and two low tides a day:

Coastal areas experience two high and two low tides every 24 hours and 50
minutes because the Earth rotates through two tidal bulges every lunar
day. High tides occur approximately 12 hours and 25 minutes apart.
• (iii) Tidal range variation:

The tidal range, or the difference between high and low tide, varies due to factors like
the alignment of the sun and moon (spring vs. Neap tides), coastal geography, and the
shape of the coastline.

• (iv) Warm currents produce a milder climate:

Warm ocean currents transport heat from the equator towards the poles, releasing heat
into the atmosphere and warming the air. This warm air then moderates the
temperature of nearby landmasses, resulting in a milder climate.

• (v) The eastern coasts of the USA are comparatively cold:

The cold Labrador Current flows from the Arctic Ocean towards the east coast of Nova
Scotia, making the eastern coasts of the USA colder compared to other regions.

• (vi) The coasts of Norway are not frozen in winter:

Because of the warm North Atlantic Current, an extension of the Gulf Stream, which
brings warmer waters to the region. This keeps the Norwegian coast relatively ice-free,
while adjacent coasts at similar latitudes, lacking the influence of this warm current,
remain frozen for much of the year.

• (vii) The waters of the Oyashio Current form the richest fishing grounds in
the world:

The Oyashio Current is a cold, nutrient-rich current that flows south from the Arctic
Ocean. When it meets the warm Kuroshio Current off the coast of Japan, the mixing of
cold and warm waters creates an ideal temperature for plankton growth, which attracts
a large number of fish, forming rich fishing grounds.

• (viii) There is heavy rainfall in Queensland but the Atacama Desert is arid:

Queensland is influenced by warm currents and trade winds that bring moisture from
the sea, resulting in heavy rainfall. In contrast, the Atacama Desert is affected by the
cold Peru (Humboldt) Current and is situated between two mountain ranges (the Andes
and the Chilean Coast Range), creating a rain shadow effect that prevents moisture
from reaching the area, leading to aridity.

• (ix) Rich fishing grounds are located on the Pacific coast of North America:
The convergence of the warm Kuroshio Current and the cold Oyashio Current on the
Pacific coast of North America creates an environment rich in plankton, which attracts a
variety of fish species. Additionally, the cool waters and shallow seas in the region
provide an excellent breeding ground for fish.

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