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Tutorial 2

The document outlines a tutorial for a Discrete Mathematics and Linear Algebra course, focusing on Normal Forms and Predicate Calculus. It includes exercises on obtaining disjunctive and conjunctive normal forms, logical derivations, and symbolic logic translations. Additionally, it presents proofs using predicate calculus related to various logical statements and arguments.

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5 views1 page

Tutorial 2

The document outlines a tutorial for a Discrete Mathematics and Linear Algebra course, focusing on Normal Forms and Predicate Calculus. It includes exercises on obtaining disjunctive and conjunctive normal forms, logical derivations, and symbolic logic translations. Additionally, it presents proofs using predicate calculus related to various logical statements and arguments.

Uploaded by

connect.adityasrivastava
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

WINTER 2025-2026

BAMAT205 - DISCRETE MATHEMATICS AND LINEAR ALGEBRA

Module-1 : Tutorial -2
(To access the students’ understanding on Normal Forms and Predicate Calculus)
20 December, 2025

1. Obtain the principal disjunctive normal form for the following:

(i) ¬P ∨ Q
(ii) (P ∧ Q) ∨ (¬P ∧ R) ∨ (Q ∧ R)
(iii) P → ((P → Q) ∧ ¬(¬Q ∨ ¬P ))

2. Obtain the principal conjective normal form for the following:


(i) (¬P → R) ∧ (Q ↔ P )
(ii) (Q → P ) ∧ (¬P ∧ Q)
(iii) Q ∧ (P ∨ ¬Q)

3. Show that R → S can be derived from the premises P → (P → S), ¬R ∨ P , and Q.


4. Prove ¬Q, P → Q =⇒ ¬P .
5. Show that ¬P follows logically from ¬(P ∧ ¬Q), ¬Q ∨ P, ¬R.
6. Prove that the following argument is valid. If a baby is hungry, then the baby cries. If the baby is not
mad, then he does not cry. If a baby is mad, then he has a red face. Therefore if a baby is hungry,
then he has a red face.
7. Convert the following sentences into symbolic logic using predicates and quantifiers.
(i) Everyone loves someone
(ii) There is someone everyone loves
(iii) There is someone that loves everyone
(iv) Everyone is loved by someone
8. Use predicate calculus to prove the following:

(i) All humans are mammals; all mammals are warm blooded. Therefore all humans are warm
blooded.
(ii) Daisy is a cow; all cows are mad. Therefore Daisy is mad.
(iii) No thieves are honest; some dishonest people are found out. Therefore some thieves are found
out.
(iv) Every good boy deserves favor; George is a good boy. Therefore George deserves favor.
(v) All who are anxious to learn work hard; some of these students work hard. Therefore some of
these students are anxious to learn.
(vi) Louis is the King of France; all Kings of France are bald. Therefore Louis is bald.

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