Subject: math
Grade Level: Grade 1
Objectives
I. Illustrate the subtraction of the numbers with minuends up to 10 using concrete
and pictorial models.
II. Describe the result of "taking away" some objects to the number of objects in a
set.
III. Write a number sentence to represent subtraction.
Before/Pre-lesson Proper
Activating Prior Knowledge
Teaching Strategy: Cooperative Learning
Instructional Materials: Counting objects (e.g., blocks, counters), pictures of
objects.
Engaging Activity 1: "How Many Are There?" - Students will look at a picture of 8
apples and will be asked how many apples are in the picture. They will then take
away 2 apples and discuss how many are left.
Engaging Activity 2: "Counting Down" - Using real objects, students will count out 5
blocks, then take away 2 blocks and count how many remain. This helps them
visualize subtraction.
Engaging Activity 3: "Story Time" - Read a short story about a character who has 7
balloons and loses 3. Ask students to visualize and draw what they think happens to
the balloons.
Learning within the curriculum:
1. Filipino: Students can relate subtraction to "pagbawas" (taking away) in
storytelling, enhancing comprehension by integrating math with language.
2. Arts: Drawing the scenario of taking away objects allows students to express their
understanding of subtraction through art.
Learning across the curriculum:
1. Science: Understanding subtraction can relate to nature, such as when a bird lays
eggs and some do not hatch, students can visualize the concept of loss.
2. Physical Education: Counting players in a game and subtracting players when
they are out teaches the physical aspect of subtraction.
Lesson Purpose / Intention
Today, we will explore subtraction, which is the process of taking away objects from
a set. Learning how to subtract will help us solve problems in our daily lives, like
sharing snacks or playing games. Let’s discover how many we have left when we
take some away!
Lesson Language Practice
Key Terms: subtraction, take away, remaining, number sentence, minuend
Key Concepts:
Concept 1: Taking away means to reduce the number of items in a set.
Concept 2: A number sentence is a mathematical way of expressing subtraction.
During / Lesson Proper
Reading the Key Idea
Subtraction is when we take away some objects from a group. It helps us find out
how many are left after we have removed some.
Developing Understanding of the Key Idea
Activity 1: "Subtraction with Objects"
Teaching Strategy: Experiential Learning
Materials: Counting blocks (up to 10), paper, and pencils.
Significance: This activity allows students to physically manipulate objects to
understand subtraction concretely.
Instructions:
1. Give each student 10 blocks.
2. Ask them to take away 4 blocks and count how many are left.
3. Have them write a number sentence to represent their subtraction (10 - 4 = 6).
Rubric:
• Participation in the activity - 5 pts.
• Correct number sentence - 5 pts.
• Accurate counting of remaining blocks - 5 pts.
Assessment Questions:
1. How many blocks did you start with?
2. How many blocks did you take away?
3. How many blocks are left now?
Activity 2: "Subtraction Story Problems"
Teaching Strategy: Cooperative Learning
Materials: Story problem cards with simple subtraction scenarios.
Significance: This activity encourages teamwork and helps students apply
subtraction in real-life contexts.
Instructions:
1. Divide students into pairs and give each pair a story problem card.
2. Have them discuss the problem and write a number sentence that represents the
subtraction.
3. Each pair will present their problem and solution to the class.
Rubric:
• Teamwork and collaboration - 5 pts.
• Correctly written number sentence - 5 pts.
• Clarity of presentation - 5 pts.
Assessment Questions:
1. What was your story problem about?
2. What number sentence did you come up with?
3. How did you solve the problem together?
Inclusive Activity: "Taking Away with Movement"
Teaching Strategy: Inquiry-Based Learning
Materials: None
Significance: This kinesthetic activity allows students to learn subtraction through
movement, making it accessible for all learners.
Instructions:
1. Have students stand in a circle and start with a count of 10 claps.
2. Instruct them to take away 3 claps and then count how many claps are left.
3. Discuss as a class how this relates to subtraction.
Rubric:
• Engagement in the activity - 5 pts.
• Ability to count remaining claps - 5 pts.
• Participation in group discussion - 5 pts.
Assessment Questions:
1. How many claps did we start with?
2. How many claps did we take away?
3. What is the total number of claps we have left?
Deepening Understanding of the Key Idea
Activity 3: "Create Your Own Subtraction Story"
Teaching Strategy: Project-Based Learning
Materials: Drawing paper, crayons.
Significance: This project allows for creativity while reinforcing the concept of
subtraction through storytelling.
Instructions:
1. Ask students to create their own subtraction story using drawings.
2. They should illustrate a scenario where they start with a certain number of objects
and take some away.
3. Encourage them to write a number sentence that represents their story.
Rubric:
• Creativity in story and illustration - 5 pts.
• Correct number sentence - 5 pts.
• Clarity of the story's concept - 5 pts.
Assessment Questions:
1. What is the main idea of your story?
2. How many objects did you start with in your story?
3. What number sentence did you create?
After/Post-Lesson Proper
Making Generalizations and Abstractions
Today, we learned that subtraction means taking away from a set, which helps us
understand how many items remain. Recognizing patterns in subtraction can help us
solve problems in everyday life. Remember, subtraction can be represented in
different ways, including through stories, drawings, and number sentences.
Supporting Material 1: "Subtraction is like a puzzle; when you take away pieces,
you see what remains. It can help us understand how things change when we lose
or give away items."
Supporting Material 2: "In math, subtraction helps us solve problems. For example,
if you have 10 marbles and you give away 4, you can find out how many you have
left by subtracting 4 from 10."
Evaluating Learning
Teaching Strategy: Direct Instruction
Instructional Materials: Worksheets with subtraction problems.
Formative Assessment Questions
Question 1: What does it mean to subtract?
Question 2: Can you give an example of a subtraction problem?
Question 3: How do you write a number sentence for subtraction?
H.O.T.S. (Higher Order Thinking Skills)
Question 1: Why is it important to know how to subtract in everyday life?
> Answer 1: Knowing how to subtract helps us manage our resources, like money or
time, effectively.
Question 2: How would you explain subtraction to someone who doesn't understand
it?
> Answer 2: I would use objects to show them how taking away items from a group
reduces the total number.
Question 3: What happens if you subtract a number larger than the number you
started with?
> Answer 3: You would end up with a negative number, which means you owe
something or have less than zero.
Question 4: Can subtraction be used in games? Give an example.
> Answer 4: Yes, in games like basketball, if a team scores and then loses points
due to penalties, subtraction is used to determine their score.
Question 5: How can you show subtraction using a drawing?
> Answer 5: I can draw a group of objects and then cross out the ones I am taking
away, showing what remains visually.
Additional Activities for Application or Remediation
Assignment 1
Guiding Overview for Teacher: Assign students to find five objects at home. They
will take away two and write a number sentence to show what they have left.
Assessment Question: What objects did you find, and how many are left after
taking away two?
Assignment 2
Guiding Overview for Teacher: Have students create a subtraction storybook using
drawings and number sentences. They can share their stories with the class.
Assessment Question: What is the story you created, and what number sentence
did you write to represent it?