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UCMAS Formulas

The document outlines formulas for addition and subtraction using an abacus, categorized into Small Friends (for +/- 5) and Big Friends (for +/- 10). It provides specific formulas for adding and subtracting numbers when there are insufficient beads, including combinations of both concepts. Additionally, it includes Combination Formulas that apply both Small and Big Friends methods simultaneously.

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mycantester
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98 views2 pages

UCMAS Formulas

The document outlines formulas for addition and subtraction using an abacus, categorized into Small Friends (for +/- 5) and Big Friends (for +/- 10). It provides specific formulas for adding and subtracting numbers when there are insufficient beads, including combinations of both concepts. Additionally, it includes Combination Formulas that apply both Small and Big Friends methods simultaneously.

Uploaded by

mycantester
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Small Friends Formulas (+/- 5)

These formulas are used when you need to add or subtract a number but don't have
enough beads on the lower deck of the abacus. They involve using the upper bead
(value of 5).

Addition Subtraction

To Add 1: +5 -4 To Subtract 1: -5 +4

To Add 2: +5 -3 To Subtract 2: -5 +3

To Add 3: +5 -2 To Subtract 3: -5 +2

To Add 4: +5 -1 To Subtract 4: -5 +1

Big Friends Formulas (+/- 10)

These formulas are used when you need to add or subtract a number but don't have
enough beads on the rod (neither lower nor upper beads are sufficient). They involve
carrying over to or borrowing from the next rod to the left (tens place).

Addition Subtraction
To Add 1: -9 +10 To Subtract 1: -10 +9
To Add 2: -8 +10 To Subtract 2: -10 +8
To Add 3: -7 +10 To Subtract 3: -10 +7
To Add 4: -6 +10 To Subtract 4: -10 +6
To Add 5: -5 +10 To Subtract 5: -10 +5
To Add 6: -4 +10 To Subtract 6: -10 +4
To Add 7: -3 +10 To Subtract 7: -10 +3
To Add 8: -2 +10 To Subtract 8: -10 +2
To Add 9: -1 +10 To Subtract 9: -10 +1
Combination Formulas (10 and 5)

These are used in situations where both the "Big Friends" and "Small Friends" concepts
need to be applied simultaneously.

Addition Subtraction

To Add 6: +1 -5 +10 To Subtract 6: -10 +5 -1

To Add 7: +2 -5 +10 To Subtract 7: -10 +5 -2

To Add 8: +3 -5 +10 To Subtract 8: -10 +5 -3

To Add 9: +4 -5 +10 To Subtract 9: -10 +5 -4

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