Class 10 Computer Applications (Code 165)

Chapter 1 – Internet Basics

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Class/Section: _______________________
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Colourful Study Notes + Questions + PYQs + Summary + Tips

1. Introduction to Internet
The Internet is the International Network of computers.
It is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use TCP/IP protocols
to communicate.

Features of Internet:
• Worldwide connectivity
• Uses TCP/IP protocol
• Enables information sharing
• Cost-effective communication
• Available 24×7
■ Possible Questions
1. Define Internet.
2. Write any three features of the Internet.
3. Expand TCP/IP.
4. Mention two advantages of the Internet.
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Write two advantages of using Internet.” (CBSE 2020) – 2 Marks
• “Define Internet in your own words.” (CBSE 2019) – 1 Mark
2. World Wide Web (WWW)
The WWW is a collection of information stored in web pages linked through hyperlinks.
Invented by Tim Berners-Lee (1991).
Uses HTTP protocol and accessed via web browsers (Chrome, Edge, Firefox).
Internet WWW
Network of networks Collection of web pages
Provides infrastructure Service that runs on Internet
Examples: Email, FTP Examples: Websites, Blogs

■ Possible Questions
1. Who invented the WWW and when?
2. Differentiate between Internet and WWW (any two points).
3. Expand HTTP.
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Differentiate between Internet and WWW.” (CBSE 2022) – 2 Marks
• “What is the role of web browsers in accessing WWW?” (CBSE 2021) – 2 Marks
3. Internet Protocols
Protocols are rules for communication on the Internet.

Important Protocols:
• HTTP – Transfers web pages
• HTTPS – Secure version of HTTP (encrypted)
• FTP – File Transfer Protocol
• SMTP – Sending emails
• POP3/IMAP – Receiving emails
• VoIP – Voice over Internet Protocol
■ Possible Questions
1. Write full forms of FTP, SMTP, HTTPS.
2. Name two protocols used for email.
3. Difference between HTTP and HTTPS.
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Which protocol is used for sending emails?” (CBSE 2020) – 1 Mark
• “Name two protocols used for receiving emails.” (CBSE 2019) – 2 Marks
4. IP Address, Domain Name & URL
IP Address: A unique numeric address given to every device on the Internet.
• IPv4: 32-bit (e.g., [Link])
• IPv6: 128-bit (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334)

Domain Name: Easy-to-remember name for IP address (e.g., [Link])

URL (Uniform Resource Locator): Complete web address of a resource.
Example: [Link]
■ Possible Questions
1. Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6.
2. Define URL with an example.
3. Why are domain names used instead of IP addresses?
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?” – 2 Marks
• “Write the full form of URL.” – 1 Mark
5. Web Browsers & Search Engines
Web Browser: Software to access and view web pages (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Edge).
Search Engine: Tool to search information on WWW (e.g., Google, Bing, Yahoo).

Difference:
• Browser displays web pages, Search engine helps find them.
■ Possible Questions
1. Give two examples each of web browsers and search engines.
2. Differentiate between web browser and search engine.
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Differentiate between Browser and Search Engine.” (CBSE 2020) – 2 Marks
6. Internet Services
Email: Sending and receiving messages electronically.
Chat: Real-time text communication.
VoIP: Voice calls using Internet.
E-Learning: Online education platforms.
E-Commerce: Buying and selling online (e.g., Amazon).
E-Banking: Online financial transactions.
Social Networking: Platforms for communication (e.g., Facebook, Instagram).
■ Possible Questions
1. Write two advantages of E-learning.
2. What is VoIP?
3. Give two examples of social networking sites.
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Write any two advantages of E-banking.” (CBSE 2021) – 2 Marks
7. Advantages & Disadvantages of Internet
Advantages:
• Easy communication
• Online education & knowledge
• E-commerce & E-banking
• Entertainment & social networking

Disadvantages:
• Cyber crimes
• Addiction
• Spread of false information
• Health issues due to overuse
■ Possible Questions
1. Write two advantages and two disadvantages of Internet.
2. Mention one misuse of Internet.
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Write two advantages and disadvantages of Internet.” (CBSE 2019) – 4 Marks
8. Internet Safety & Security
Safety Measures:
• Use strong passwords
• Install antivirus software
• Enable firewalls
• Avoid suspicious links & attachments
• Follow cyber ethics
■ Possible Questions
1. Write two Internet safety measures.
2. What is the role of antivirus software?
■ PYQs + Marking Tips
• “Mention two Internet safety measures.” (CBSE 2022) – 2 Marks
 ■ Quick Revision Sheet (Summary)
✔ Internet = International network of computers using TCP/IP
✔ WWW = Collection of web pages, invented by Tim Berners-Lee
✔ HTTP vs HTTPS = Normal vs Secure (encrypted)
✔ Email Protocols = SMTP (send), POP3/IMAP (receive)
✔ FTP = File transfer
✔ VoIP = Calls using Internet
✔ IP Address = Numeric, Domain Name = Text
✔ URL = Complete web address
✔ Browser = Displays, Search Engine = Finds
✔ Advantages: Communication, Learning | Disadvantages: Misuse, Addiction
✔ Safety: Passwords, Antivirus, Firewall, Cyber ethics
■ Most Important Questions
1. Difference between Internet and WWW (2 Marks)
2. List any 3 features of Internet (3 Marks)
3. Protocols used in Email (2 Marks)
4. Expand HTTP and HTTPS (1 Mark)
5. Write two advantages and disadvantages of Internet (4 Marks)
6. Differentiate between Browser and Search Engine (2 Marks)
7. Define URL with example (2 Marks)
■ Exam Tips
• Always write differences in tabular form for clarity.
• Use full forms of protocols – CBSE often asks for expansions.
• For 1-mark questions: write short and precise answers.
• Highlight keywords (like TCP/IP, Tim Berners-Lee, IPv4/IPv6) in your answer sheet.
• Manage time: don’t write too long answers for 1–2 mark questions.