Lourdes College, Inc.
Capistrano – Hayes St. Cagayan de Oro City
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Second Semester - S.Y. 2024-2025
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Performance Task (Prelim-Midterm)
FROM CLASS TO SAMPLE: A HANDS-ON DIVE INTO DATA ANALYSIS
Topics Covered: Sampling and Sampling Distributions
Target skills:
The students will be able to:
1. find the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean M11/12SP-IIId-5;
2. gather, organize, present, analyze, and interpret data using appropriate statistical methods to derive meaningful
conclusions and insights 21st Century Learning Skills; and
3. analyze appropriate sampling methods in real-world data collection scenarios 21st Century Learning Skills.
PT Description:
The class will be divided into ten groups. Each group will conduct a survey and collect data on a specific numerical
(quantitative) variable from all classmates, representing the entire class as the population. After gathering the data, each group will
select a smaller random sample from the full set of responses. The group will then calculate and compare the mean, variance, and
standard deviation of the sample with those of the full class (population). Finally, a written report will be submitted, and the findings will
be presented to the class.
Group Information
Group No. 3 Section STEM 11 - INTEGRITY
Group Members Minor PT 1 Minor PT 2 Major PT
(40 points) (40 points) (80 points)
Espinosa, Kyle ____________ ____________ ____________
Cabrera, Princess Chloe May S. ____________ ____________ ____________
Mawalil, Daniya ____________ ____________ ____________
Ostrea, Trisha ____________ ____________ ____________
Date Submitted: ________________________________
Remarks:
MINOR PT 1: DATA COLLECTION AND VARIABLE SELECTION
A. Variable Selection
Quantitative Variable Selected Daily Fare (in Philippine Pesos)
Definition of Variable The daily fare of students refers to the amount of money each student
spends or pays for transportation on a daily basis.
Why is this variable relevant and It hows how much students spend on getting to school each day, which can
interesting? affect their overall budget and potentially their ability to attend school
regularly.
B. Population Definition
Population All students of STEM 11- INTEGRITY
Population Size (N) 46
C. Data Collection Method
How did you collect data from every member of the The data was collected through one-on-one interviews, where
population? students were individually asked to report their daily
transportation fare.
Challenges Encountered and Solutions At first, the data collection was planned through Google
Forms, but not all students were able to respond, which
caused delays. Additionally, some students were being picked
up by their parents, making it difficult to gather responses from
everyone within the set time frame.
To address these challenges, the data collection method was
switched to personal, one-on-one interviews. Students were
also asked to provide their daily fare in case their parents
were unable to give them a ride, which helped complete the
data collection process efficiently.
D. Complete Population Data
Instructions: List all collected data values from your population.
Participant Code Data Value
S01 20
S02 20
S03 40
S04 25
S05 20
S06 20
S07 75
S08 45
S09 30
S10 40
S11 70
S12 20
S13 70
S14 50
S15 60
S16 80
S17 60
S18 20
S19 20
S20 60
S21 100
S22 50
S23 25
S24 79
S25 85
S26 43
S27 34
S28 30
S29 20
S30 20
S31 40
S32 30
S33 70
S34 80
S35 95
S36 86
S37 20
S38 80
S39 100
S40 30
S41 50
S42 30
S43 43
S44 60
S45 75
S46 100
Note: Use only as many rows as your population size.
MAJOR PT: GROUP SAMPLING AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
A. Sample Size Determination
Using Slovin’s formula with a 0.10 margin Calculation:
of error, determine the sample size.
N
n= 2
1+ Ne
n = sample size
N = population size
e = margin of error
Group Sample Size 32
B. Sampling Method
Type of Sampling Used Systematic Random Sampling
Rationale for the sampling method used We chose systematic random sampling because it provided a structured and
efficient way to select participants from the student population. By selecting
every nth student, starting from a randomly chosen point, we ensured that the
sample was evenly distributed and minimized bias. This method also allowed
for quicker data collection, making it ideal for gathering responses from a
large group while still maintaining randomness.
Describe your sampling procedure We first calculated the sampling interval (k) by dividing the population size by
the sample size
After determining the interval, we conducted a draw lot to randomly select the
starting point. The draw resulted in student S22 being chosen as the starting
point, ensuring that the sampling process began with a random and unbiased
selection.
C. Group Sample Data
Instructions: List the data values in your group's random sample.
22 50
Sample Number Participant Code Data Value
24 79
1
26 43
2
28 30
3
30 20
4
32 30
5
34 80
6
36 86
7
38 80
8
40 30
9
42 30
10
44 60
11
12
46 100
02 20
13
04 25
14
06 20
15
08 45
16
10 40
17
12 20
18
14 50
19
16 80
20
18 20
21
20 60
22
23 25
23
27 34
24
31 40
25
35 95
26
39 100
27
43 43
28
01 20
29
05 20
30
09 30
31
32
Note: Use only as many rows as your calculated sample size.
D. Population Parameters
Population Mean (𝜇) Calculation:
Population Variance (𝜎²) Calculation:
Population Standard Deviation (𝜎) Calculation:
E. Sample Statistics
Sample Mean ( x ) Calculation:
Sample Variance (s²) Calculation:
Sample Standard Deviation (s) Calculation:
F. Comparison of Population and Sample
Measure Population Sample Difference
Mean 68.46 47.03 21.43
Variance 1671.06 707.70 963.36
Standard Deviation 40.88 26.60 14.28
G. Analysis and Interpretation
How close is your sample mean to the
population mean? Explain why. The sample mean is 47.03, while the population mean is 68.46, resulting in a
large difference of 21.43. This shows that the sample mean is far below the
population mean because the sample does not include enough values near
the population’s higher value that contribute to the mean of 68.46.
What factors might explain any differences The population variance 1671.06 is 963.36 higher than the sample variance
between your sample statistics and 707.70, and the population standard deviation 40.88 exceeds the sample
population parameters? standard deviation 26.60 by 14.28. These differences indicate that the
population contains more widely spread and extreme values than the
sample. The limited spread of the sample data directly resulted to the lower
sample mean and variability.
Would a larger sample size improve the
accuracy? Why or why not? According to the Central Limit Theorem, the larger samples produce sample
means that are normally distributed and closer to the true population mean.
So yes, a larger sample would likely improve because it includes more
extreme high and low values from the population. This would increase the
sample mean and variance closer to the population’s. Therefore, a bigger
sample would make the sample statistics more accurate.
INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION
Group Member:
A. Data Collection Process
What was your specific role in the data
collection process?
How did you protect participant privacy?
B. Group Sampling Analysis
What was your specific contribution to the
sampling and calculation process?
What surprised you most about the
comparison between population
parameters and sample statistics?
How does this activity help you understand
the importance of sampling in real-world
research?