CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
JARO, ILOILO CITY
PROBLEM 1:
PACING
A laboratory report
Submitted by
Juan de la Cruz
to
Engr. Lyndon-Erl C. Beup
Course: CE 2131
Group ?, Problem 1
Stub Code: ?
Date of test: ? Aug 2025
Deadline: ? Aug 2025
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page number
I. Cover Sheet . . . . . . . . ?
II. Table of Contents . . . . . . . . ?
III. Objective . . . . . . . . ?
IV. Instruments . . . . . . . . ?
V. Procedure . . . . . . . . ?
VI. Computations . . . . . . . . ?
VII. Diagram/Sketches (if any) . . . . . . . ?
VIII. Conclusion and Recommendation . . . . . . ?
IX. Pictures . . . . . . . . ?
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PROBLEM 1: PACING
RELATED DEFINITIONS:
1. PACE – the length of a single step
2. PACING – consists of counting the number of steps in a required distance
3. STRIDE – two paces or double step
4. PACE FACTOR (P.F.) – a value determined by dividing the measured or unknown
length of a line by the mean number of paces taken to walk or traverse the line
5. PACED DISTANCE – the length of the course as determined by pacing
OBJECTIVES:
1. To determine the individual pace factor (P.F.)
2. To determine an unknown distance by pacing
INSTRUMENTS:
1. Range Poles
2. Steel Tape
3. Markers (hubs, paint, chalk, or crayons)
PROCEDURE:
1. Determining the individual Pace Factor (P.F.):
a. Select a straight line and level course and level course assigned by the instructor and
on both ends establish a marker. Designate these end points as A and B.
b. Walk over the course at a natural pace or walk starting with either heel or toe over
point A and count the number of paces to reach point B. Record the data for Trial 1.
c. Then, starting again from B and walking toward A, the counted number of paces shall
constitute the second trial. Record this as Trial 2.
d. For succeeding trials, walk from A to B, then B to A until five (5) trials are completed
and the number of paces is recorded accordingly.
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COMPUTATIONS:
TRIAL LINE NO. OF PACES
Computation:
Length of line AB =
Mean no. of Paces =
∑ no . of paces
No. of trials
Length of line
Pace Factor (P.F) =
Mean no . of paces
2. Measuring Distance by Pacing:
a. Define or establish the endpoints of another level course whose length is determined
by pacing. Designate these ends as C and D.
b. For the first trial, walk over the course from C to D at a natural pace and record the
number of paces. Then, walk from D to C and again record the number of paces.
c. Repeat the procedure until all five trials are completed.
d. After the foiled data is recorded, make an actual taping of the course CD to determine
the taped distance.
e. A precision of 1/200 to 1/500 is acceptable.
TRIAL LINE NO. OF PACES
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Computation:
Taped Distance =
Mean No. of Paces =
∑ no . of paces
No. of trials
Paced Distance = Mean No. of Paces x Pace Factor
Taped distance− paced distance
% Error = x 100 %
Taped distance
Relative Precision (R.P.) =
Hints and Precaution:
1. When taping, two measurements should be made for any line and the mean
recorded as the actual length.
2. In pacing, the length of a single step is termed a pace. It may be measured
from heel to heel or from toe to toe. Also, each two paces or a double step is
called a stride.
3. Pacing is used only when approximate results are satisfactory such as for
estimating distances used for sketching and reconnaissance surveys. Pacing
is also used as a means of checking distances measured by more accurate
methods.
4. To keep one on line while pacing, it is a good practice to fix one’s eyes on a
distant object on the range behind the pole at the farther end of the line being
paced.
5. A partial pace at the end of the line should be figured out to the nearest one-
fourth pace.
6. Reject measurements that vary from mean by more than three (3) percent.
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7. If the computed relative precision of the set of measurements is greater than
one part in two hundred, the measurement should be repeated.
Figure 1: Length of a Pace
DIAGRAMS/SKETCHES:
(You may add supplementary figures/sketches/diagrams here)
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION:
Team Member Conclusion Recommendation
PICTURES:
(Attach a minimum of 4 photos during the activity here)
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