1

1 Mahika records how 120 students from Year 1 and Year 2 travel to school.
Each student walks, cycles or travels by bus.

• 48 students are in Year 1.

• 77 students walk.
• 5 students in Year 2 cycle.
• 36 students travel by bus.
•
of the students who travel by bus are in Year 1.

(a) Complete the table.

Walk Cycle Bus Total

Year 1

Year 2

Total 120

[3]

(b) One of the 120 students is chosen at random.

Work out the probability that this student does not travel by bus to school.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

2 Soraya makes 30 flags.

11 flags are pink, 7 are yellow, 5 are blue, 4 are silver and 3 are green.
Soraya takes a flag at random.

Find the probability that the flag she takes is

(a) pink,

................................................... [1]

(b) not blue,

................................................... [1]
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(c) red.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

3 80 students each record the name of their mathematics teacher.

The number of these students taught by Mr House and by Miss Patel are shown in the bar chart.

(a) How many more students are taught by Miss Patel than by Mr House?

................................................... [1]

(b) 15 students are taught by Mr Smith.

Twice as many students are taught by Mrs Brown than by Mr Jones.

Use this information to complete the bar chart.

[4]

(c) Write down the mode.

................................................... [1]

(d) One of these students is chosen at random.

Work out the probability that this student

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(i) is taught by Mr House,

................................................... [1]

(ii) is not taught by either Mr House or Miss Patel.

................................................... [2]

(e) This information is also to be shown in a pie chart.

Work out the sector angle for Miss Patel.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 11]

4 The test scores of 14 students are shown below.

21 21 23 26 25 21 22 20 21 23 23 27 24 21

(a) Find the range, mode, median and mean of the test scores.

Range = ...................................................

Mode = ...................................................

Median = ...................................................

Mean = ................................................... [6]

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(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student has a test score of more than 24.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

V E N N D I A G R A M

The diagram shows 11 cards.

(a) One of these cards is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that the letter on the card is not A.

................................................... [1]

(b) A card is chosen at random from these 11 cards and then replaced.
A second card is then chosen at random.

Find the probability that exactly one card has the letter N.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

6 The time, t minutes, taken by each of 80 people to travel to work is recorded.

The table shows information about these times.

Time
(t minutes)

Frequency 3 7 18 28 24
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(a) One of these 80 people is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this person took longer than 10 minutes to travel to work.
Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

................................................... [2]

(b) Two people are chosen at random from those taking 20 minutes or less to travel to work.

Calculate the probability that one of these people took 5 minutes or less and the other took more than
5 minutes.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

7 The heights, h metres, of the 120 boys in an athletics club are recorded.
The table shows information about the heights of the boys.

Height
(h metres)

Frequency 7 18 30 24 27 14

(a) (i) Write down the modal class.

.............................. .............................. [1]

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(ii) Calculate an estimate of the mean height.

................................................... m [4]

(b) (i) One boy is chosen at random from the club.

Find the probability that this boy has a height greater than 1.8 m.

................................................... [1]
(ii) Three boys are chosen at random from the club.

Calculate the probability that one of the boys has a height greater than 1.8 m and the other two
boys each have a height of 1.4 m or less.

................................................... [4]

(c) (i) Use the frequency table to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Height
(h metres)
Cumulative
7 25
frequency

[2]
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(ii) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency diagram to show this information.

[3]

(d) Use your diagram to find an estimate for

(i) the median height,

................................................... m [1]

(ii) the 40th percentile.

................................................... m [2]

[Total: 18]

Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

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Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

A ball is taken at random from each bag.

(a) Show that a black ball is more likely to be taken from bag A than from bag B.

[1]

(b) Find the probability that the two balls have different colours.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

9 The time taken for each of 120 students to complete a cooking challenge is shown in the table.

Time (t minutes)

Frequency 44 32 28 12 4

(a) Write down the modal time interval.

.................... .................... [1]

(b) Write down the interval containing the median time.

.................... .................... [1]

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(c) Calculate an estimate of the mean time.

................................................... min [4]

(d) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student takes more than 40 minutes.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

10

Bag A Bag B

Bag A contains 2 black marbles and 3 white marbles.

Bag B contains 5 black marbles and 8 white marbles.

(a) Write down the probability that a marble picked at random from bag A is black.

................................................... [1]
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(b) Toby says,

‘You are more likely to pick a black marble at random from bag B than from bag A
because bag B has more black marbles.’

Is Toby correct?
Give a reason for your answer.

.............................. because ....................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Toby adds some marbles to bag B.

The probability of picking a black marble at random from either bag is now the same.

Work out the smallest number of black marbles and white marbles he adds to bag B.

Black ...................................................

White ................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

11 The diagram shows two sets of cards.

Set A 1 1 2 2 2

Set B 0 1 1 1 2
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(a) Jojo chooses two cards at random from Set A without replacement.

Find the probability that the two cards have the same number.

................................................... [3]

(b) Jojo replaces the two cards.

Kylie then chooses one card at random from Set A and one card at random from Set B.

Find the probability that the two cards have the same number.

................................................... [3]

(c) Who is the most likely to choose two cards that have the same number?
Show all your working.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

12 20 students choose their favourite science subject.

The results are shown in the bar chart.
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12

10

8
Frequency
6

0
Biology Chemistry Physics

(a) Work out how many more students choose biology than physics.

................................................... [1]

(b) Write down the fraction of students whose favourite science subject is chemistry.

................................................... [1]

(c) One of the 20 students is picked at random.

Write down the probability that this student did not choose biology.

................................................... [2]

(d) Only one of the averages, median, mode and mean can be found for these results.

(i) Write down the average that can be found.

................................................... [1]

(ii) Find this average for these results.

................................................... [1]

(iii) Explain why the range cannot be found.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]
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13 Tanya plants some seeds.

The probability that a seed will produce flowers is 0.8 .
When a seed produces flowers, the probability that the flowers are red is 0.6 and the probability that the
flowers are yellow is 0.3 .

(a) Tanya has a seed that produces flowers.

Find the probability that the flowers are not red and not yellow.

................................................... [1]

(b) (i) Complete the tree diagram.

[2]
(ii) Find the probability that a seed chosen at random produces red flowers.

................................................... [2]
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(iii) Tanya chooses a seed at random.

Find the probability that this seed does not produce red flowers and does not produce yellow
flowers.

................................................... [3]

(c) Two of the seeds are chosen at random.

Find the probability that one produces flowers and one does not produce flowers.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 11]

14 Marco has ropes of four different colours.

He takes a rope at random.

Colour Brown White Red Green

Probability 0.35 0.04 0.2

Complete the table. [2]

[Total: 2]

15 The probability that Andrei cycles to school is r.

(a) Write down, in terms of r, the probability that Andrei does not cycle to school.

................................................... [1]
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(b) The probability that Benoit does not cycle to school is .

The probability that both Andrei and Benoit do not cycle to school is 0.4 .

(i) Complete the equation in terms of r.

( ................................................... ) × ( ................................................... ) = 0.4 [1]

(ii) Show that this equation simplifies to .

[3]

(iii) Solve by factorisation .

r = .............................. or r = .............................. [3]

(iv) Find the probability that Benoit does not cycle to school.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 9]

16 A bag contains 20 bulbs.

8 are yellow, 5 are red, 4 are white and 3 are pink.
Sam takes one bulb at random.

Find the probability that the bulb he takes is

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(a) white,

................................................... [1]

(b) blue,

................................................... [1]

(c) not pink.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

17 The probability that a tin of paint is dented is 0.07 .

Out of 3000 tins of paint, how many would you expect to be dented?

Answer ................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

18 At a festival, 380 people out of 500 people questioned say that they are camping.
There are 55 300 people at the festival.

Calculate an estimate of the total number of people camping at the festival.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

19 6 5
6 7

5
3 5

8
2
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The diagram shows a fair 9-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7 and 8.

(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 8,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a number less than 7.

................................................... [1]

(b) The spinner is spun 135 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

20 A shop gives each of 1000 people a voucher.

28 people use their voucher.
The shop now gives each of 16 500 people a voucher.

Calculate how many of these 16 500 people are expected to use their voucher.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]
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21 Marco watches 25 boats enter a port, of which 9 have a mast.

There are a total of 200 boats in the port.

Calculate an estimate of the number of boats in the port that have a mast.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

22 In a survey of 50 visitors to a leisure centre, 18 used the gym.

One day, 1500 people visited the leisure centre.

Calculate an estimate for the number of people who used the gym on this day.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

23 A bag contains brown balls, white balls, black balls and purple balls only.
A ball is taken from this bag at random.

Colour Brown White Black Purple

Probability 0.46 0.22 0.14

(a) Complete the table.

[2]

(b) Which colour is the most likely to be taken?

................................................... [1]
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(c) There are 50 balls in this bag.

Work out the number of black balls.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

24
E M

............. .......... .............

.............

50 students are asked if they like English (E) and if they like mathematics (M).
3 say they do not like English and do not like mathematics.
33 say they like English.
42 say they like mathematics.

(a) Complete the Venn diagram. [2]

(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student likes English and likes mathematics.

................................................... [1]

(c) Two students are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both like mathematics.

................................................... [2]
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(d) Two students who like English are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both also like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

25 12 friends travel to a festival.

5 travel by car, 4 travel by bus and 3 travel by train.
Two people are chosen at random from the 12 friends.

Calculate the probability that they travel by different types of transport.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]

26 The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a group of 50 students who wear glasses (G), who wear
trainers (T) and who have a mobile phone (M).

G
T
0 2 3
2
19 14

1
M 9
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(a) Use set notation to describe the region that contains only one student.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find .

................................................... [1]

(c) One student is picked at random from the 50 students.

Find the probability that this student wears trainers but does not wear glasses.

................................................... [1]

(d) Two students are picked at random from those wearing trainers.

Find the probability that both students have mobile phones.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 6]

27 In a class activity, all the 15 students wear hats.

7 students wear red hats, 6 students wear green hats and 2 students wear white hats.

(a) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student wears a red hat.

................................................... [1]
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(b) Two of the 15 students are picked at random.

Show that the probability that these two students wear hats of the same colour is .

[3]

(c) Three of the 15 students are picked at random.

Find the probability that at least two of these three students wear red hats.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 8]

28 The speed, v km/h, of each of 200 cars passing a building is measured.

The table shows the results.

Speed (v km/h)

Frequency 16 34 62 58 26 4

(a) Calculate an estimate of the mean.

................................................... km/h [4]

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(b) (i) Use the frequency table to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Speed (v km/h)

Cumulative frequency 16 50 196 200

[1]
(ii) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency diagram.

[3]

(iii) Use your diagram to find an estimate of

A the upper quartile,

................................................... km/h [1]

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B the number of cars with a speed greater than 35 km/h.

................................................... [2]

(c) Two of the 200 cars are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both have a speed greater than 50 km/h.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 13]

29
On any Saturday, the probability that Arun plays football is .

On any Saturday, the probability that Bob plays football is .

(a) (i) Complete the tree diagram.

[2]
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(ii) Calculate the probability that, one Saturday, Arun and Bob both play football.

................................................... [2]

(iii) Calculate the probability that, one Saturday, either Arun plays football or Bob plays football,
but not both.

................................................... [3]

(b) Calculate the probability that Bob plays football for 2 of the next 3 Saturdays.

................................................... [3]
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(c) When Arun plays football, the probability that he scores the winning goal is .

Calculate the probability that Arun scores the winning goal one Saturday.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 12]

30 Esme has a bag with 5 green counters and 4 red counters.

She takes three counters at random from the bag without replacement.

Work out the probability that the three counters are all the same colour.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]

31 Angelo has a bag containing 3 white counters and x black counters.

He takes two counters at random from the bag, without replacement.
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(a) Complete the following statement.

The probability that Angelo takes two black counters is

[2]

(b) The probability that Angelo takes two black counters is .

(i) Show that .

[4]

(ii) Solve by factorisation.

x = .............................. or x = .............................. [3]

(iii) Write down the number of black counters in the bag.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 10]
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32 Ravi has a bag that contains 10 red balls and 8 blue balls.
He takes two balls at random from the bag, without replacement.

Find the probability that one ball is red and one ball is blue.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

33 A group of 200 people were asked which city they would like to visit next.
The table shows the results.

City London Paris New York Tokyo

Number of people 50 48 56 46

(a) A person from the group is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that this person would like to visit either Paris or Tokyo next.

................................................... [2]

(b) Two people are chosen at random from the group of 200.

Find the probability that one person would like to visit London next and the other person would like to
visit New York next.
Give your answer as a percentage.

................................................... % [3]
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[Total: 5]

34

Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

Three balls are taken at random from bag A, without replacement.

Find the probability that

(a) they are all black,

................................................... [2]

(b) they are all white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

35 A box contains 20 packets of potato chips.

6 packets contain barbecue flavoured chips.

10 packets contain salt flavoured chips.
4 packets contain chicken flavoured chips.

(a) Maria takes two packets at random without replacement.

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(i) Show that the probability that she takes two packets of salt flavoured chips is .

[2]

(ii) Find the probability that she takes two packets of different flavoured chips.

................................................... [4]

(b) Maria takes three packets at random, without replacement, from the 20 packets.

Find the probability that she takes at least two packets of chicken flavoured chips.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 9]

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The Venn diagram above shows information about the number of students who study Music (M), Drama (D)
and Geography (G).

(a) How many students study Music?

................................................... [1]

(b) How many students study exactly two subjects?

................................................... [1]

(c) Two students are chosen at random from those who study Drama.

Calculate the probability that they both also study Music.

................................................... [3]

(d) In the Venn diagram above, shade . [1]

[Total: 6]

37 One day, the number of members using the exercise machines (E), the swimming pool (S) and the tennis
courts (T) at a sports club is shown on the Venn diagram.

(a) Find the number of members using only the tennis courts.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find the number of members using the swimming pool.

................................................... [1]
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(c) A member using the swimming pool is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this member also uses the tennis courts and the exercise machines.

................................................... [2]

(d) Find .

................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]