[4] Total Pages - 04 C-19060/PG/S-I/29/103/T/2022

(c) (i) Find the general solution of the equation 2z(1 − z)w′′ (z) + [Link]. 1st Semester Examination, 2022
w′ (z) + 4w(z) = 0 by the method of solution in series about z Applied Mathematics
= 0, and show that the equation has a solution which is poly- Paper code - MTM 103
nomial in z. Ordinary Differential Equations and Special functions
(ii) Define orthogonal function associated with Strum - Liou- Full Marks : 50
ville problem. 6+2 Time : 2 hours
(The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Candidates are required
(d) (i) How do you solve the homogeneous
vector
 differential equa- to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable)
x1
 
 x2 
tion in the form dx
= Ax, where x =  .  and A = (aij )n×n
  1. Answer any four questions : 4 × 2 = 08
dt  .. 
 
(a) Define domain of regular point and singular point of a ODE.
xn
matrix. [ Assuming that all the eigen values of A are real and
(b) Show that under suitable transformation chosen by you the Leg-
distinct]
endre differential equation reduces to a particular type of hy-
(ii) Obtain the first five terms in the expansion of the following
pergeometric equation.
function f in terms of Legendre’s polynomial
( (c) Show that Jn (z) and J−n (z) are not independent but they are
0, if − 1 < x < 0
f (x) = related for integral n.
x, if 0 < x < 1.
5+3 (d) Define Wronskian in connection with ODE and state its utility.

[Internal Assessment - 10 Marks] (e) Examine that whether infinity is a regular singular point for
Bessel’s differential equation or not.

(f ) Define Green’s function of the differential operator L of the non-

homogeneous differential equation : Lu(x) = f (x).

[Turn Over]
 [2] [3]

2. Answer any four questions : 4 × 4 = 16

(
1
0, if α ̸= β
Z
Jn (αz)Jn (βz)dz = 1 ′
0 [J (z)]2 ,
2 n
if α = β
(a) Show that all the eigen values of a regular Sturm - Liouville
4
system with r(x) > 0 are real. 4
3. Answer any two questions : 2 × 8 = 16
(b) Deduce the Rodrigues formula for Legendre polynomials 4

(c) Consider the BVP

(a) Define regular integral of a differential equation. Let w1 (z) and
d2 y ′ ′ w2 (z) be the fundamental set of solutions of the following dif-
2
+ λy = 0, y(0) = y (0), y(π) = y (π)
dx ferential equation in the domain of a singularity z0 .
Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the problem. 4 d2 w dw
2
= p1 (z) + p2 (z)w
dz dz
(d) Using Green’s function method, solve the following differen-
Find the necessary conditions that both the integrals are reg-
tial equation y IV (x) = 1, subject to boundary conditions
ular. 2+6
y(0) = y ′ (0) = y ′′ (1) = y ′′′ (1) = 0. 4
  (b) (i) What is generating function for the Legendre polynomials?
e4t 0 2e4t

4t t

4t  is a fun-
Show that for any fixed z
(e) Determine whether the matrix B =   2e 3e 4e 
4t t 4t ∞
e e 2e 2 − 12
X
  (1 − 2zh + h ) = Pn (z)hn
x1 0
√
dX
 
damental matrix of the system dt = AX where X =   x2  ,

holds for |h| < |z ± z 2 − 1|, the principal branch of the LHS
x3
  being taken.
1 −3 9 (ii) Show that
 
A = 0 −5 18

. If not justify and find another alternative r
πz sin z
0 −3 10 J 3 (z) = − cos z.
2 2 z
fundamental matrix. 4
5+3
(f ) If α and β are the roots of the equation Jn (z) = 0 then show
that [Turn Over]