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Solution
MATHS (STANDARD)
Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(d) -15
Explanation:
First term, a = -3
Common difference, d = -2
And
a7 = a + 6d
= -3 + 6(-2)
= -3 - 12
= -15
2.
(d) 19

12

Explanation:
19

12

3.
(d) 6400
Explanation:
Volume of the wall = (800 × 600 × 22.5) cm3,

Number of bricks =
volume of the wall

volume of 1 brick

=( 800×600×22.5

25×11.25×6
) = 6400
4.
(c) 1

Explanation:
1

5.
(c) 4

Explanation:
For no solution
a1 b1 c1
= ≠
a2 b2 c2

5 2
=
2 k

k= 4

6.
(d) 26 × 33
Explanation:
26 × 33
7. (a) 9

Explanation:

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9

–
8. (a) 1

2
(√3 + 1) Km
Explanation:
Let AB be the hill.
From right △BAD, we have
= cot 45
o⇒ =1⇒
AD

AB
x=h x

From right △BAC, we have

o – –
AC

AB
= cot 30 ⇒ x+1
= √3 ⇒ x = (h√3 − 1)
h

From (i) and (ii),we have

h(h√– –
3 - 1) ⇒ h(√3 - 1) = 1

1
⇒ h =
(√3 −1)

1
(√3 +1)
1 –
⇒ h = { × } = (√3 + 1)
(√3 −1) (√3 +1) 2

9.
(d) 7
Explanation:
The distance of the point (4, 7) from x-axis = 7
10. (a) 40 ∘

Explanation:
∘
40

11. (a) 17.5

Explanation:
Given, classes are not continuous, so we make continuous by subtracting 0.5 from lower
limit and adding 0.5 to upper limit of each class.
Class Frequency Cumulative frequency
-0.5-5.5 13 13
5.5-11.5 10 23
11.5-17.5 15 38
17.5-23.5 8 46
23.5-29.5 11 57
Here, N

2
=
57

2
= 28.5 , which lies in the interval 11.5 - 17.5.
Hence, the upper limit is 17.5.
12.

(d)

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Explanation:

The shape of a quadratic polynomial is either upward or downward U - shaped curve

i.e., an upward or downward parabola. Also, the graph of the quadratic equation cuts
the X - axis at the most at two points, but in fig it cuts the X - axis at three points.
∴ fig is not the graph of a quadratic polynomial.

13.
(c) x

360
× πr
2

Explanation:
Area of a sector of a circle with radius r and making an angle of x 0

at the centre = × πr
x

360
2

14.
(c) 70o, 40o
Explanation:
Since, PQL is a tangent and OQ is a radius, so ∠ OQL = 90o
∴ ∠ OQS = 90
o - 50o = 40o
Now, OQ = OS ⇒ ∠ OSQ = ∠ OQS = 40o
Similarly, ∠ ORS = 90o - 60o = 30o
And, OR = OS ⇒ ∠ OSR = ∠ ORS = 30o
∴ ∠ QSR = ∠ OSQ + ∠ OSR = 40
o + 30o = 70o
Now, ∠ ROQ = 2∠ QSR = 140o
∠ ROQ + ∠ ORP + ∠ OQP + ∠ RPQ = 360
o (Angle sum property of quadrilateral QORP)
⇒ 140
o + 90o + 90o + ∠ RPQ = 360o
⇒ ∠ RPQ = 40
o
15.
(b) 3
Explanation:
3
16.
(b) Only (i)
Explanation:
i. We know, 3sinθ - cosθ )4 = 3((sinθ - cosθ )2)2
= 3(12 + 4 sin2θ cos2 θ - 4 sinθ cosθ ) ...(i)
and, 6(sinθ + cosθ )2 = 6 + 12 sinθ cosθ ...(ii)
Also, 4(sin6θ + cos6θ ) = 4((sin2θ )3 + (cos2θ )3)
= 4(1) - 12sin2θ cos2θ ...(iii)
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
3 + 12sin2θ cos2θ - 12sinθ cosθ + 6 + 12sinθ cosθ + 4 - 12sin2θ cos2θ
= 3 + 6 + 4 = 13, which is independent of θ .

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ii. We have,
cosecθ - sinθ = - sinθ =
2
1 1−sin θ

sin θ sin θ

3 2
2

a = a =(
2 2 3
cos θ cos θ
⇒ ⇒ )
sin θ sin θ

Similarly, secθ - cosθ = - cosθ =

2
1 1−cos θ

cos θ cos θ

3 2
2

b = b =(
2 2 3
sin θ sin θ
⇒ ⇒ )
cos θ cos θ

2 2 2 2
2 2 2

a b (a + b ) = (
2 2 3 2 3 2 3
cos θ sin θ cos θ sin θ
∴ × ) (( ) + ( ) )
sin θ cos θ sin θ cos θ

= (sinθ ⋅cosθ ) =1
2 2 2
cos θ+sin θ
3 ( )
2

(sin θ⋅cos θ) 3

17.
(c) 2 : 1
Explanation:
2:1
18. (a) 12
1

Explanation:
Total number of outcomes =36
Favorable outcomes for sum greater than 10 are {(5,6),(6,5),(6,6)}
Number of favorable outcomes =3
P= 3

36
= 1

12

19.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
Here, a1

a2
=
b1

b2
as 2

1
=
2

1
is condition of non-zero solutions.
But all lines of type ax + by = 0 and cx + dy = 0 do not have non-zero solutions always.
20.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.
Section B
21. (x - 5)(x + 7) = 2x + 1
x2 + 2x - 35 = 2x + 1
x2 - 36 = 0
x2 = 36
x = ±6
Present age = 6 years
OR
Let the required natural numbers be x and x - 3. Then,
2 2
x + (x − 3) = 117
2 2 2
⇒ x
2
+ (x
2
+ 9 − 6x) = 117 [∵ (a - b) = a + b - 2ab]
2
⇒ 2x − 6x + 9 − 117 = 0

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2
⇒ 2x − 6x − 108 = 0

2
⇒ 2(x − 3x − 54) = 0

⇒ x2 - 3x - 54 = 0
⇒ x2 - 9x + 6x - 54 = 0
⇒ x(x - 9) + 6(x - 9) = 0
⇒ (x - 9)(x + 6) [∵ x is natural number ∴ x + 6 ≠ 0]

⇒ x = 9

⇒ x - 3 = 9 - 3 = 6

Hence, required numbers are 6 and 9.

22.

Let AE be observer = 1.5 m

BD is the tower = 30 m
∠BAC = θ, BC = 30 − 1.5 = 28.5

In △BAC , BC

AC
= tan θ ( using Pythagoras theorem),
28.5
⇒ = tan θ
28.5

∘
⇒ tan θ = 1 = tan 45

∘
⇒ θ = 45

Hence angle of elevation is 45o

23.

Let P(x,y) be the point which divides the points A(2, -5) and B(5, 2) in the ratio 2 : 3.
By Section formula,
(x,y) = (
mx 2 +nx 1 my +ny
2 1
, )
m+n m+n

Here, x1=2, x2= 5, y1=-5, y2=2, m=2, n=3

2×5+3×2 2×(2)+3×(−5)
⇒ (x, y) = ( , )
2+3 2+3

10+6 4−15
⇒ (x, y) = ( , )
5 5

16 −11
⇒ (x, y) = ( , )
5 5

and y =
16 −11
i. e. x =
5 5

Hence, coordinate of P (x, y) = (3.2, −2.2)

Now, x-coordinate is positive and y-coordinate is negative, therefore P(x,y) lies in IV
quadrant.
24. The given triangles are not similar because the corresponding sides are not
proportional.
OR

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Given: Two triangles ABC and DEF in which ∠ A = ∠ D, ∠ B = ∠ E and ∠ C = ∠ F, AL and DM

are angle bisectors of ∠ A
and ∠ D respectively
To prove: BC

EF
=
AL

DM

Proof: Triangle ABC and DEF are Similar.

⇒
AB

DE
=
BC

EF
......(i)
In △
​ ​ABL and △
​ ​DEM, we have
∠ B= ∠ E [Given]

∠ BAL= ∠ EDM [ ∵ ∠ A= ∠ D ⇒ 1

2
∠A =
1

2
∠D ]
⇒ △ ​ ​ABL ∼ △
​ ​DEM [AA similarity]
⇒
AB

DE
=
AL

DM
.......(ii)
From (i) and (ii) we have
BC AL
=
EF DM

25. Class Interval Frequency Cumulative frequency

0 - 10 4 4
10 - 20 4 8
20 - 30 8 16
30 - 40 10 26
40 - 50 12 38
50 - 60 8 46
60 - 70 4 50
Here, N = 50 ⇒ N

2
= 25
The cumulative frequency just greater than 25 is 26.
Hence, median class is 30 - 40
Section C
2
26. Here, p(x) = 3x - 2.
Now p(x) = 0
2
⇒ 3x − 2 = 0

2
⇒ 3x = 2

2 2
⇒ x =
3

−
−
2
⇒ x = ±√
3

−
− −
−
Therefore, zeroes are √ and − √ . 2

3
2

If p(x) = 3x2 - 2 , then a = 3, b = 0 and c = -2

−
− −
−
Now, sum of zeroes = √ 2

3
+ (−√
2

3
) = 0 .... (i)

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Also, −b

a
=
−0

3
= 0 ........ (ii)
From (i) and (ii)
Sum of zeroes= −b

−
− −
−
and product of zeroes = √ 2

3
× −√
2

3
=
−2

3
......... (iii)
Also, c

a
=
−2

3
.......... (iv)
From (iii) and (iv)
Product of zeroes = c

27. Radius of the sector of the circle = r cm

and angle at the centre = θ
Area of sector OAB = A cm2
and perimeter of sector OAB = 50 cm
Area of the sector = πr 2
×
360
θ
∘

2 θ
⇒ A = πr × ( ∘
)
360

i. Perimeter = 2OA + arc AB

θ
⇒ 50 = 2r + 2πr × ( ∘
)
360

θ
⇒ 50 − 2r = 2πr ( ∘
)
360

θ 50−2r 50 2r
⇒ ∘ = = −
360 2πr 2πr 2πr

⇒
360
θ
∘ =
25

πr
−
1

π
........(i)
∘
25 1 360 25
⇒ θ = 360 ( − ) = ( − 1)
πr π π r

ii. A = πr 2
× (
25

πr
−
1

π
) = πr
2
×
1

π
(
25

r
− 1)

2 25 25 2 2
= r ( − 1) = × r − r
r r

= 25r - r2
Hence Proved.

28.

i. PA .PB = (PN - AN)(PN + BN)

∵ ON ⊥ AB
⎡ ⎤
= (PN - AN) (PN + AN) ⎢ ∴ N is the mid-point of AB
⎥
⎣ ⎦
⇒ AN = BN

= PN2 - AN2
ii. Applying Pythagoras theorem in right triangle PNO, we obtain
OP2 = ON2 + PN2
⇒ PN
2 = OP2 - ON2
∴
PN2 - AN2 = (OP2 - ON2) - AN2
= OP2 - (ON2 + AN2)
= Op2 - OA 2 [Using Pythagoras theorem in ΔON A]
= OP2 - OT2 [∵ OA = OT = radius ]
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iii. From (i) and (ii), we obtain

[Link] = PN2 - AN2 and PN2 - AN2 = OP2 - OT2
⇒ PA .PB = OP
2 - OT2
Applying Pythagoras theorem in △OT P , we obtain
OP2 = OT2 + PT2
⇒ OP
2 - OT2 = PT2
Thus, we obtain
[Link] = OP2 - OT2
and OP2 - OT2 = PT2
Hence, [Link] = PT2.
29. We know that the A.M. between a and b is a+b

2
.
n+1

It is given that is the A.M . between a and b.

n+1
a +b
n n
a +b

n+1 n+1
a +b a+b
∴ n n =
a +b 2

⇒ 2(a
n+1 + bn+1) = (an + bn) (a + b)
⇒ 2a
n+1 + 2bn+1 = an+1 + abn + anb + bn+1
⇒ a
n+1 + bn+1 = abn + anb
⇒ a
n+1 - anb = abn - bn+1
n n
⇒ a {a - b) = b (a - b)

n n
a =b ⇒
n n 0
a a a
⇒ n = 1 ⇒ ( ) = ( ) ⇒ n = 0
b b b

OR
Since each prize is Rs 20 less than its preceding prize,
therefore, the value of the seven successive cash prizes will form an AP.
Let the first prize be Rs a.
Then the winner prizes, in succession,
will be Rs (a - 20), Rs (a - 40), Rs (a - 60), etc.
Here, A = a
d = (a - 20) - a = -20
n=7
Sn = 700
We know that
n
Sn = [2A(n − 1)d]
2

7
⇒ 700 = [2a + (7 − 1)(−20)]
2

7
⇒ 700 = [2a − 120]
2

⇒ 700 = 7(a − 60)

700
⇒ a − 60 =
7

⇒ a - 60 = 100
⇒ a = 100 + 60

⇒ a = 160

⇒ Value of first prize = Rs 160

Value of second prize = Rs 160 - Rs 20 = Rs 140

Value of third prize = Rs 140 - Rs 20 = Rs 120
Value of fourth prize = Rs 120 - Rs 20 = Rs 100
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Value of fifth prize = Rs 100 - Rs 20= Rs 80

Value of sixth prize = Rs 80 - Rs 20 = Rs 60
Value of seventh prize = Rs 60 - Rs 20= Rs 40
30. We have to find the value of the following expression
tan
2
30
∘
+ tan
2
60
∘
+ tan
2
45 …… (1)
Now,
∘ 1 ∘ – ∘
tan 30 = , tan 60 = √3 , tan 45 = 1
√3

So, by substituting above values in equation (1)

We get,
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2
tan 30 + tan 60 + tan 45

2
1 – 2 2
= ( ) + (√3 ) + (1)
√3

1
2
– 2
= 2
+ (√ 3 ) + 1
(√3 )

1
= + 3 + 1
3

1
= + 4
3

1 4×3
= +
3 1×3

1 12
= +
3 3

1+12
=
3

13
=
3

Therefore,
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 13
tan 30 + tan 60 + tan 45 =
3

31. For hemisphere

Radius (r) = 3 cm
∴ volume = 2

3
πr
3

2 3 3
= π(3) = 18πcm
3

∴ Curved surfaces area

2
= 2πr

2
= 2π(3)

2
= 18πcm

For right circular cone

radius of the base (r) = 3 cm
Height (h) = 4 cm
−− −−−−
∴ Slant height (l) = √r 2
+ h
2

−−−− −−−−− −−−− − −−

= √(3)2 + (4)2 = √9 + 16 = √25 = 5cm

∴ Volume = 1

3
πr h
2

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1 2 3
= π(3) (4) = 12πcm
3

Curved surface area = πrl

2
= π(3)(5) = 15πcm

i. The volume of the toy = Volume of the hemisphere + Volume of the right circular
cone
= 18π + 12π = 30π

3
= 30(3.14) = 94.2cm

ii. Surface area of the toy = Curved surface area of the hemisphere + Curved surface
area of the right circular cone
= 18π + 15π = 33π

2 2
= 33 × 3.14cm = 103.62cm

OR
Radii of the bases of a cylinder and a cone = 3 : 4
and ratio in their heights = 2 : 3
Let r1, r2 be the radii and h1 and h2 be their heights.
Then, r1

r2
=
3

4
and h1

h2
=
2

Volume of cylinder
Now
Volume of cone
2
πr h 1
1
=
1 2
πr h 2
2
3

2 2
3r h 1 r1 h1
1
= 2
= 3( ) × ( )
r h2 r2 h2
2

2
3 2
= 3 × ( ) ×
4 3

9 2 9
= 3 × × =
16 3 8

∴ Ratio of their volumes = 9 : 8

Section D
32. No. of cards removed= 2 jacks+2 queens +2 kings +2 aces=8
No. of all possible outcomes n = 52 − 8 = 44 − − − − − − − − − − − −(1)
i. No. of black Queens in the deck = 0
∴ P(getting a black Queen) = 0

44
= 0

Hence it is an impossible event

ii. No. of red cards = 26 - 4 = 22
P(getting a red card) = m
n
=
22

44
=
1

iii. No. of Jacks (black) = 2 so m=2

∴ P(getting a black colored Jack) = m
n
=
2

44
=
1

22

iv. No. of face cards in the deck = 12 - 6 = 6 so m=6

∴ P(getting a face card) = m
n
=
6

44
=
3

22

33. Let the speed of the train be x km/hr and that of the car be y km/hr.
Case I Distance covered by train = 250 km.
Distance covered by car = (370 - 250) km = 120 km.
Time taken to cover 250 km by train = 250

x
hours
Time taken to cover 120 km by car = 120

y
hours
Total time taken =4 hours
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∴
250

x
+
120

y
= 4 ⇒
125

x
+
60

y
= 2 .......(i)
Case II Distance covered by train = 130 km.
Distance covered by car = (370 -130) km = 240 km.
Time taken to cover 130 km by train = 130

x
hours
Time taken to cover 240 km by car = 240

y
hours
Total time taken = 4 18

60
hours = 4
3

10
hours =
43

10
hours
∴
130

x
+
240

y
=
43

10
⇒
1300

x
+
2400

y
= 43 ......(ii)
Putting x
1
= u and 1

y
=v, equations (i) and (ii) become
125u + 60v = 2... (iii) and 1300u + 2400v = 43 . ... (iv)
On multiplying (iii) by 40 and subtracting (iv) from the result, we get
5000u - 1300v = 80 - 43 ⇒ 3700u = 37
37 1 1 1
⇒ u = = ⇒ = ⇒ x = 100
3700 100 x 100

Putting u = 1

100
in (iv), we get
1
(1300 × ) + 2400v = 43 ⇒ 2400v = 43 − 13 = 30
100

30 1 1 1
⇒ v = = ⇒ = ⇒ y = 80
2400 80 y 80

∴ x = 100 and y = 80.

Hence, the speed of the train is 100 km/hr and that of the car is 80 km/hr
LCM of numerators
34. LCM of rational number =
HCF of denominators

Numbers are 25

10
,
5

10
,
1000
175

Now, 25 = 5×5; 5 = 5×1; 175 = 5×5×7

LCM of (25, 5, 175) = 5×5×7 = 175
Also,
10 = 2×5; 1000 = 2×2×2×5×5×5
HCF of (10,10,1000) = 10
LCM of (2.5, 0.5, 0.175) = 175

10
= 17.5

OR
We have to explain why the numbers 8 × 7× 6 × 5 × 4 + 5 × 4 and 11 × 13 × 15 + 11 are
composite numbers.
Prime numbers can be divided by 1 and only itself, whereas composite numbers have
factors other than 1 and itself.
8 × 7× 6 × 5 × 4 + 5 × 4 = 6720 + 20
= 20 × (336 + 1)
= 20 × 337
The given expression has 20 and 337 as its factors other than 1 and number itself.
Therefore, it is a composite number.
Now
11 × 13 × 15 + 11 = 11 × (13 × 15 + 1)
= 11 × 196
= 11 ×2 × 2 × 7 × 7
= 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 11

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The given expression has 2, 7 and 11 as its factors other than 1 and number itself.
Therefore, it is a composite number.
35. Let the length of piece be x m
Then , rate = 200

x
per m
Now , new length = (x + 5)m
Since, the cost remains same .
∴ New rate = x+5
200
per m .
Then, 200

x+5
=
200

x
− 2

200 200−2x
=
x+5 x

⇒ 200x = (x + 5) (200 - 2x)

⇒ 200x = 200x - 2x2 + 1000 - 10x
⇒ 2x2 + 10x - 1000 = 0
⇒ x2 + 5x - 500 = 0
⇒ x2 + 25x – 20x – 500 =0
⇒ x(x + 25) – 20(x +2 5) = 0
⇒ (x – 20) (x + 25) = 0
Therefore, x = 20 or x = -25
But length cannot be negative, therefore x = 20 m
Therefore , length of the piece = 20m
OR
Let the number of books bought be x.
1800
−
1800
= 30
x x+10

∴ x2 + 10x - 600 = 0
(x + 30)(x - 20) = 0
x = -30 (Rejected), 20
∴ Number of books bought = 20

Section E
36. i. The angle of depression from the balloon at a point B to the car at point P.
In △APB
tan B = AB

AP
=
100

100
= 1

tan B = 1
⇒

⇒ tan B = tan 45
o
⇒ B = 45
o
ii. The speed of the balloon is
Distan ce
Speed =
Time

⇒ Speed = 100

15
=
25

3
= 6.6 m/sec
iii. The vertical distance travelled by the balloon when angle of depression is 60o.
In △APC
Let BC = x
∘ AC AB+x
tan 60 = =
AP 100

– 100+x
⇒ √3 =
100

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–
⇒ 100√3 − 100 = x

⇒ x = 100(√–3 − 1)
⇒ x = 73.21 m

OR
The total time taken by the balloon to reach the point C from ground.
Distance
Time =
Speed

100(√3 −1)
⇒ T =
25

–
= 8.78 sec
⇒ T = 12(√3 − 1)

37. i. Co-ordinate of green flag = (2,100)

ii.

distance between Red flag and Green flag

−−−−−−−− −−− −−− −−−−
d = √(8 − 2) 2
+ (100 − 100)
2

−−−−−−
= √6 + 0 2 2

d=6
∴ distance between Green and Red flag is 6 m.

iii.

Position of blue flag = (

2+8 100+100
, )
2 2

= (5,100)
OR
−−−−−− −−−−− −−− −−−−
Distance = √(5 − 2) 2
+ (100 − 100)
2

−−−−
= √9 + 0

=3m

38. i.

△ ABD ∼ △CED (by AA criteria)

30 40
=
a x

x 40
=
a 30

a= 30

40
x

Again

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40−x a
=
40 50

40−x 30×x
=
40 40×50

8000 - 200x = 120x

8000 = 320x
∴ x = 25 feet

ii.

x a
=
40 30

25 a
=
40 30

25×30
= a
40

75

4
=a
a = 18.75 feet

iii.

−−−−−−−−

AD = √30
2
2
+ 40

−−−−−− −−−
= √900 + 1600

−−−−
= √2500

AD = 50 feet
In △CED
−−−−−−−−−−
CD = √18.75 2
+ 25
2

−−−− −−−
= √976.5625

= 31.25 feet
AC = AD - CD
= 50 - 31.25
= 18.75 feet

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2/14/26, 5:16 PM Print

OR
−−−−−− −−
√402 + 202

−−−−−−− −−
= √1600 + 400

−−−−
= √2000

–
= 20√5 feet

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