Instruction Manual

-Think before you connect.

"No one gets a sudden rise, not even the sun, it takes time to rise to the peak of success”
- Edmund Hillary
 Instructions
-Think
Think twice before you connect

• Do not open the starter kit until instructed

• All the boards in the kits are tested.
• Follow the instruction carefully while connecting peripherals on breadboard
• Do not place Node MCU board on metallic surface (Specially on Laptop)
• Do not short 5v or 3.3 v and Ground.
• Cross check the connection on the breadboard before connecting NodeMCU.
NodeMCU

ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module

• ESP8266 is a self contained SOC
• Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any access to your Wi Wi-Fi network
• It offers a complete and self-contained
contained Wi-Fi
Wi networking solution
• Is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi
Fi networking functions from another application processor.
• High degree of on-chip integration
• Powerful enough on-board
board processing and storage capability
• To be integrated with the sensors and other application specific devices through its GPIOs

Figure: Node MCU Pin outs.

I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.

-Confucius
 List of Key words
Keywords Syntax Example Description
int int variable_name; int m; // int m=8 To define integer numbers. (16 bits in size)
float float variable_name; float p; // float p=5.035 to define floating point numbers(32 bits )
String string variable_name; string n; // n="college" to define array of characters
boolean booleanvariable_name; boolean b;// b=1 or 0 defines simple logical true/false(high or low)
Data char charvariable_name; char p; //p='x' To define characters (signed or unsigned)
types byte bytevariable_name; byte r; unsigned number from 0-255
array arrayvariable_name[size]; int array a[10];// 'a' can store 10 collection of identical elements of same type
elements from 0 to 9
pinMode() pinMode(Var1,OUTPUT/INPUT) pinmode(ledpin ,OUTPUT); Configures the specified pin to behave either
pinmode(13, INPUT); as an input or output
digitalRead() digitalRead(pin); int v1=12; Reads the value from a specified digital pin ,
Val= digitalRead(v1); either HIGH or LOW
digitalWrite() digitalWrite(pin, value); digitalWrite(13, HIGH); Write HIGH or LOW value to digital pin

analogRead() analogRead(pin); int m=analogRead(A0); Reads the analog value from a specified
int n=analogRead(A1); analog pin(A0-A5)
analogWrite() analogWrite(pin); intm=analogWrite(A0); Write the analog value from a specified
int n=analogWrite(A1); analog pin(A0-A5)
delay() delay(value); delay(1000); //one sec dealy Pauses the program for the amount of time
millis(value); millis(1000); //one milli sec specified
micros(value); dealy
micros(1000); //one micro sec
dealy
Map() map(variable, alow, ahigh,mlow ,mhigh); y=map(x,0,1023,1,200); Re-maps a number from one range to
another
[Link]() [Link](baud rate) [Link](9600) Sets the data rate in bits per second (baud)
for serial data transmission.(9600,14400 etc)
[Link](78) //gives 78 Prints data to the serial port as human
[Link]() [Link](data) [Link]("college") //prints readable ASCII text
College
Intv=3; [Link](v) // prints 3
Prints the value 56 fallowed by a carriage
[Link]() [Link]() [Link](56); return character(ASCII 13 or '\n' ) i.e new
line character
[Link]() Variable=[Link](variable) v=[Link](p); Reads incoming serial data
m=[Link](A0);
if ([Link]() > 0) Get the number of bytes (characters)
[Link]() [Link]() { available for reading from the serial port.
intincomingByte = This is data that's already arrived and stored
[Link](); in the serial receive buffer (which holds 64
} bytes)
[Link](45); Writes the binary data to the serial port
[Link]() [Link](val) intbytesent=[Link]("HELLO"); And it will return the number of bytes
written on serial monitor
[Link](78, BIN) gives "1001110"
[Link](val, format) [Link](val, format) [Link](78, OCT) gives "116"
[Link](78, DEC) gives "78"
[Link](78, HEX) gives "4E
int mypins[]={2,4,8}; An array defines the pin numbers of 2,4,8
Arrays Data_typearray_name[size]; which acts as input or output
int myval[4]={2,4,-8,3}; An array initializes four values of type int
[Link](16, 2);//defines for Initializes the interface to the lcd screen
[Link]() [Link](cols,rows); 16,2 LCD display Note: use #include <LiquidCrystal.h> to
interface lcd with arduino
[Link]() [Link](data) [Link]("Hello world") Prints text to LCD
[Link]() [Link](col,row) [Link](5,1)//points to 5th an underscore (line) at the position to which
coloumn,2nd row the next character will be written
[Link]() [Link]() [Link]() Clears the LCD screen
Keywords Syntax Example Description
IPAddress() IPAddress(address) IPAddressip(192, 168, 0, 2); Defines an IP address. It can be used to
declare both local and remote addresses.
[Link](ip); IPAddressip(192, 168, 0, 2); [Link]() allows you to configure a static IP
[Link]() [Link](ip, dns); [Link](ip); address as well as change the DNS, gateway, and
[Link](ip, dns, gateway); subnet addresses on the WiFi shield.
[Link](ip, dns, gateway, DNS: The Domain Name System (DNS) is a
hierarchical decentralized naming system for
subnet);
computers, services, or other resources connected
to the Internet or a private network.
Gateway: A gateway is a network node connecting
two networks that use different protocols.
Subnet: A subnetwork or subnet is a logical
subdivision of an IP network.
[Link]() [Link](); [Link](); Initializes the WiFi library's network settings
[Link](ssid); [Link](ssid); and provides the current status.
[Link](ssid, pass); [Link](ssid, pass); Ssid: Wifi name(Wifi Name)
[Link](ssid, keyIndex, [Link](ssid, keyIndex, key); Pass: password of the ssid(wifi router Pass)
key);
WiFiServer() Server(port); WiFiServer server(80); Creates a server that listens for incoming
port: the port to listen on (int) connections on the specified port.
[Link]() [Link](); [Link](); Return the connection status.

[Link](); [Link]() [Link](); Tells the server to begin listening for incoming
connections.
WiFiClient() WiFiClient() WiFiClient client; Creates a client that can connect to to a
[Link](server, 80) specified internet IP address and port as
defined in [Link]().
[Link]() [Link]() WiFiClient client = Gets a client that is connected to the server
[Link](); and has data available for reading. The
connection persists when the returned client
object goes out of scope;
[Link]() [Link]() [Link](server, 80) Connects to a specified IP address and port.
[Link](ip, port) The return value indicates success or failure.
[Link](URL, port) Also supports DNS lookups when using a
domain name.
ip: the IP address that the client will connect
to (array of 4 bytes)
URL: the domain name the client will connect
to (string, ex.:"[Link]")
port: the port that the client will connect to
(int)

[Link]() [Link]() [Link]() Read the next byte received from the server
the client is connected to
[Link]() [Link]() [Link](“Hello World”) Print data, followed by a carriage return and
[Link](data) newline, to the server a client is connected to.
[Link](data, BASE) Prints numbers as a sequence of digits, each
an ASCII character
[Link]() [Link](); char ssid[] = "yourNetwork"; Gets the SSID of the current network
[Link](wifiAccessPoint) [Link](ssid); wifiAccessPoint: specifies from which
network to get the information
[Link]() [Link](); IPAddressip; Gets the WiFi shield's IP address
ip = [Link]();
[Link](ip);
[Link]() [Link](); long rssi = [Link](); Gets the signal strength of the connection to
[Link](wifiAccessPoint); [Link]("RSSI:"); the router
[Link](rssi);
[Link]() [Link](); IPAddress subnet; Gets the WiFi shield's subnet mask
subnet = [Link]();
[Link]() [Link](); IPAddress gateway; Gets the WiFi shield's gateway IP address.
gateway = [Link]();
 [Link]("GATEWAY: ");
[Link](gateway);

[Link]() [Link](); byte encryption = [Link] Gets the encryption type of the current
[Link](wifiAcce ionType(); network
ssPoint); [Link]("Encryption
Type:");
[Link](encryption,HEX);
[Link](); [Link](); byte numSsid = [Link] Scans for available WiFi networks and returns
works(); the discovered number
[Link]("SSID List:");
[Link](numSsid);
[Link](mac); [Link](mac); [Link](mac); Gets the MAC Address of your WiFi shield
[Link]("MAC: "); mac: a 6 byte array to hold the MAC address
[Link](mac[5],HEX);
[Link](":");
[Link](mac[4],HEX);
[Link](":");
[Link](mac[3],HEX);
[Link](":");
[Link](mac[2],HEX);
[Link](":");
[Link](mac[1],HEX);
[Link](":");
[Link](mac[0],HEX);
[Link]() [Link]() [Link]() This function discards any bytes that have
been written to the client but not yet read.
[Link]() [Link](val) Client myClient; Write data to the server the client is
[Link](buf, len) [Link]("Hi there"); connected to. This data is sent as a byte or
series of bytes.
val: a value to send as a single byte (byte or
char)
buf: an array to send as a series of bytes (byte
or char)
len: the length of the buffer
[Link]() [Link]() [Link]() Disconnect the client from the server. It closes
the established connection.
MQTT Topic for Thingsboard

v1/devices/me/telemetry for telemetry data

v1/devices/me/attributes for attributes
v1/devices/me/rpc/request for RPC

Paho MQTT Client in Python

The events and callbacks for the Paho MQTT client are as follows:

• Event Connection acknowledged Triggers the on_connect callback

• Event Disconnection acknowledged Triggers the on_disconnect callback
• Event Subscription acknowledged Triggers the on_subscribe callback
• Event Un-subscription acknowledged Triggers the on_unsubscribe callback
• Event Publish acknowledged Triggers the on_publish callback
• Event Message Received Triggers the on_message callback
• Event Log information available Triggers the on_log callback

In the following table you see all return codes at a glance.

Return Code Return Code Response

0 Connection Accepted
1 Connection Refused, unacceptable protocol version
2 Connection Refused, identifier rejected
3 Connection Refused, Server unavailable
4 Connection Refused, bad user name or password
5 Connection Refused, not authorized