■ Class 10 – Top 10 Sure-Shot Questions with Key Answers ■
Q: Explain the process of unification of Germany under Bismarck.
Ans: Bismarck used ‘blood and iron’ policy, led Prussia in wars against Austria (1866) and France (1870),
unifying Germany under Kaiser William I in 1871.
Q: Gandhiji’s role in Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22).
Ans: Launched against Jallianwala Bagh massacre & Rowlatt Act. Boycott of foreign goods, schools, law
courts. Promoted khadi, unity of Hindus-Muslims.
Q: Effects of the First World War on India’s economy and politics.
Ans: Led to huge defence expenditure, rise in taxes, inflation, food shortages. Nationalists gained strength,
demand for self-rule grew.
Q: Differences between Alluvial, Black and Red soil.
Ans: Alluvial: fertile, Indo-Gangetic plain; Black: cotton soil, moisture retentive, Deccan plateau; Red: poor in
humus, southern plateau.
Q: Multipurpose river valley projects – benefits and problems.
Ans: Benefits: irrigation, electricity, flood control, drinking water. Problems: displacement, deforestation,
ecological imbalance.
Q: Major challenges to Power Sharing in Belgium and Sri Lanka.
Ans: Belgium: linguistic tensions between French & Dutch. Sri Lanka: Sinhala domination over Tamils,
leading to civil war.
Q: Key differences between organized and unorganized sectors of economy.
Ans: Organized: registered, secure jobs, regular wages. Unorganized: no job security, irregular wages,
exploitation.
Q: Role of NREGA (2005) in poverty alleviation.
Ans: Guarantees 100 days employment, promotes rural development, reduces migration, improves livelihood
security.
Q: Impact of Globalisation on Indian farmers and small producers.
Ans: Competition from cheap imports, debt issues. Opportunities: exports, new markets.
Q: Importance of Forest and Wildlife resources in maintaining ecological balance.
Ans: Provide oxygen, prevent soil erosion, habitat for biodiversity, regulate climate.
■ History
Q: Nationalism in Europe: Explain the role of French Revolution in shaping nationalism.
Ans: Spread ideas of liberty, equality, fraternity. Inspired revolts across Europe. Led to rise of nation-states.
Q: Nationalism in India: Why was the Salt March an effective symbol of resistance against colonialism?
Ans: Defied salt law, symbol of self-reliance. Mobilized all sections of society, drew global attention.
Q: Making of a Global World: Explain any three impacts of the Great Depression of 1929 on the world.
Ans: Decline in trade, unemployment, fall in agricultural prices, collapse of economies globally.
■ Geography
Q: Resources & Development: Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources with
examples.
Ans: Renewable: replenished naturally (forests, water). Non-renewable: finite, exhaustible (coal, petroleum).
Q: Forest & Wildlife Resources: What are the main steps taken by the government to conserve forests
and wildlife?
Ans: Biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, social forestry, afforestation programs.
Q: Water Resources: Why are multipurpose projects considered controversial?
Ans: Displacement of people, ecological damage, conflicts between states.
Q: Agriculture: Compare subsistence and commercial farming in India.
Ans: Subsistence: small farms, family consumption, traditional methods. Commercial: large farms, cash
crops, modern inputs.
■ Political Science
Q: Power Sharing: Describe the accommodation methods followed in Belgium.
Ans: Equal ministers for both linguistic groups, separate governments, community rights protected.
Q: Federalism: Explain any three features of Indian federalism.
Ans: Two-tier government, division of powers in Union & State lists, independent judiciary.
Q: Gender, Religion & Caste: How has the political expression of gender division helped democracy?
Ans: Increased women participation, demand for reservation, awareness of equal rights.
■ Economics
Q: Development: Compare the criteria of per capita income and Human Development Index.
Ans: Per capita income: economic only. HDI: broader, includes health, education, standard of living.
Q: Sectors of Economy: Explain the importance of the tertiary sector in India’s economy.
Ans: Provides services like banking, transport, IT. Largest contributor to GDP.
Q: Globalisation: How are MNCs interlinking production across countries?
Ans: Set up units in multiple nations, global supply chains, subcontracting with local firms.