Sensitivity analysis is a technique to study how uncertainty in a model's
inputs affects its outputs, essentially answering "what-if" questions by
changing variables (like costs, rates, or demand) to see the impact on
results (like profit or project completion). It helps identify critical variables,
quantify risks, explore scenarios, and make better decisions, commonly
used in finance, engineering, and project management to understand key
drivers and build robust plans.
Key Aspects
Purpose: To understand which inputs have the most significant
effect on outcomes, assess model reliability, and identify
risks/opportunities.
How it Works: Systematically changes one or more input variables
(independent) within a plausible range to observe the resulting changes in
the output (dependent variable).
Methods: Includes One-at-a-Time (OAT), Monte Carlo simulations,
scenario analysis, and visualization tools like tornado diagrams.