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Senior Java Spring Interview QA

The document provides a comprehensive list of interview questions and answers for Senior Java and Spring Boot positions, covering topics such as Java 8 Streams, SOLID principles, immutability, dependency injection, and Spring Bean lifecycle. It also discusses application deployment strategies, error handling in reactive programming, and testing methodologies. The content reflects best practices and real-world experiences relevant to senior developers in the field.

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5 views3 pages

Senior Java Spring Interview QA

The document provides a comprehensive list of interview questions and answers for Senior Java and Spring Boot positions, covering topics such as Java 8 Streams, SOLID principles, immutability, dependency injection, and Spring Bean lifecycle. It also discusses application deployment strategies, error handling in reactive programming, and testing methodologies. The content reflects best practices and real-world experiences relevant to senior developers in the field.

Uploaded by

scribdlover5698
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Senior Java & Spring Boot Interview – Questions and Answers

1. Java 8 Streams – Uppercase Strings

Use map() to transform each element.

List result = [Link]().map(String::toUpperCase).toList();

2. First Non-Repeating Character in "swiss"

Use LinkedHashMap to preserve order.

char ch = "swiss".chars()

.mapToObj(c -> (char)c)

.collect([Link](c -> c, LinkedHashMap::new, [Link]()))

.entrySet().stream().filter(e -> [Link]() == 1)

.map([Link]::getKey).findFirst().orElse(null);

3. Departments with More Than 10 Employees

SELECT department, COUNT(*) FROM employee GROUP BY department HAVING COUNT(*) >
10;

4. SOLID Principles

S – Single Responsibility: One class, one responsibility.

O – Open/Closed: Open for extension, closed for modification.

L – Liskov Substitution: Subtypes replace base types.

I – Interface Segregation: Many small interfaces.

D – Dependency Inversion: Depend on abstractions, not concretions.

5. Immutability

An object whose state cannot change after creation.

6. Making a Class Immutable

Declare class final, fields private final, no setters, defensive copies.

7. Responsibility of Garbage Collector

Automatically frees heap memory by removing unreachable objects.


8. Dependency Injection

Providing dependencies externally. Types: Constructor, Setter, Field injection.

9. Application Deployment

CI/CD pipeline → build → test → containerize → deploy to server/cloud.

10. Partial Changes to Production

Use feature branching, cherry-pick commits, or feature toggles.

11. Shallow vs Deep Copy

Shallow: copies references. Deep: copies actual objects (Clone/Serialization).

12. Lambda Expressions

Runnable r = () -> [Link]("Hello");

13. Spring Bean Lifecycle

Instantiate → Populate → Aware → Init → Ready → Destroy.

14. Spring Bean Scopes

Singleton, Prototype, Request, Session, Application.

15. Authentication in Spring Boot

Spring Security with JWT/OAuth2, filters, and authentication providers.

16. Transaction Data Consistency

ACID properties using @Transactional.

Reflection

Runtime inspection/modification of classes, used in frameworks.

Executor Framework

Manages thread pools for async tasks.

ThreadPoolExecutor vs ForkJoin
ThreadPool: independent tasks. ForkJoin: divide-and-conquer tasks.

RestTemplate

Synchronous REST client (now replaced by WebClient).

Reactive WebClient Error Handling

onErrorResume, onErrorMap, retry mechanisms.

Kafka Partition

Unit of parallelism and ordering within a topic.

LinkedHashMap vs TreeMap

LinkedHashMap preserves insertion order; TreeMap sorts keys.

Singleton Pattern

Private constructor, static instance, getInstance().

Testing

JUnit, Mockito, integration tests, test data via SQL/scripts/mocks.

Code Optimization

Profiling, caching, async processing, DB tuning.

Conclusion

These answers reflect real-world senior developer experience and best practices.

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