CELL - The Unit of Life

Q 1:

Omnis cellula e cellulae i.e., new cell arise from pre-existing cells; this statement was given by
A. Schleiden and Schwann
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Robert Brown
D. Robert Hooke

Q 2:
Mesosomes are the infoldings of cell membrane, which
(i) are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
(ii) help in cell wall formation, DNA replication and respiration.
(iii) increase the surface area of plasma membrane.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (i) and (iii)
D. (i), (ii) and (iii)

Q 3:
Glycocalyx (mucilage sheath) of a bacterial cell may occur in the form of a loose sheath called
________ or it may be thick and tough called ________.
A. capsule, slime layer
B. slime layer, capsule
C. mesosome, capsule
D. mesosome, slime layer

Q 4:
The type of ribosomes found in prokaryotes is
A. 80S type
B. 70S type
C. 30S type
D. 50S type
Q 5:
If you remove the fimbriae from the bacterial cell, which of the following would you expect to
happen?
A. The bacteria could no longer swim
B. The bacteria would not adhere to the host tissue
C. Transportation of molecules across the membrane would stop
D. The shape of bacteria would change

Q 6:

Polyribosomes are aggregation of

Q 7:
Select the wrong statement with respect to the structure of a plant cell.
A. Cellulosic cell wall is present inside the cell membrane
B. Centrioles are usually absent.
C. A large central vacuole is present.
D. Golgi apparatus is formed of a number of unconnected units called dictyosomes.

Q 8:
Which of the following organelles is not included in endomembrane system?
A. Golgi complex
B. Peroxisomes
C. Lysosomes
D. Vacuoles

Q 9:
Cell recognition and adhesion are facilitated by components of plasma membrane. These components
are generally
A. protein molecules alone
B. lipids alone
C. both lipids and proteins
D. glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Q 10:
Continuity of cytoplasm from cell to cell is maintained through cytoplasmic connections in plants
called
A. ER
B. tight junction
C. gap junction
D. plasmodesmata.

Q 11:
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column I Column II
A. Dictyosomes (i) Storage
B. Mitochondria (ii) Photosynthesis
C. Vacuoles (iii) Transport
D. Grana (iv) Secretion
(v) Respiration
A. A-(iv), B-(v), C-(i), D-(ii)
B. A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii)
C. A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)
D. A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

Q 12:
Which organelle helps in th synthesis of lipids, cholesterol, steroids and visual pigments in epithelial
cells of retina?
A. Golgi bodies
B. RER
C. SER
D. Mitochondria

Q 13:
Cell organelle extracted from endosperm of germinating castor beans are
A. glyoxysomes
B. peroxisomes
C. mitochondria
D. none of these
Q 14:
As they release hydrolase that digest old and damaged cells, the term suicide bags is aptly used by cell
biologists for
A. Golgi bodies
B. lysosomes
C. glyoxysomes
D. peroxisomes

Q 15:
Non-membrane bound cell organelle is
A. ribosomes
B. centrioles
C. nucleolus
D. all of these

Q 16:
Extranuclear inheritance is due to the presence of genes in
A. mitochondria and chloroplasts
B. nucleus and mitochondria
C. nucleus and chloroplasts
D. endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria

Q 17:
The cell organelle involve in the glycosylation of proteins is
A. ribosome
B. peroxisome
C. mitochondrion
D. endoplasmic reticulum
Q 18:
Select the option with correct labeling of given structure of Golgi apparatus.

A B C D
A. Cisternae Vesicle trans face cis face
B. Cisternae Vesicle cis face trans face
C. Vesicle Cisternae cis face trans face
D. Tubules Vesicle trans face cis face

Q 19:
Ribosomes of the cytoplasm, chloroplast and mitochondrion are respectively
A. 80S, 80S and 70S
B. 80S, 70S and 70S
C. 70S in all
D. 80S in all.

Q 20:
Identify A and B in the given figure and select the correct option.

A B
A. Grana thylakoid Stroma thylakoid
B. Stroma thylakoid Grana thylakoid
C. Granum Stroma
D. Stroma Granum
Q 21:
Which of the following is correct for the given structure?

A. These are small structures which work like oars.

Q 22:
The chromosome in which centromere lies slightly away from the middle of the chromosome
resulting into one shorter arm and one longer arm, is called as
A. metacentric
B. submetacentric
C. acrocentric
D. telocentric.

Q 23:
If you remove the cell wall from a plant cell and place it into a drop of water
A. the cell would begin to grow
B. the cell would shrink
C. the cell would burst
D. nothing would happen.

Q 24:
Packing of substances for export from the cell occurs in the
A. SER
B. Golgi bodies
C. lysosome
D. nucleolus.
Q 25:
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Mitochondria, unless specifically stained are not easily visible under the microscope.
B. Physiological activity of cells determines the number of mitochondria per cell.
C. Mitochondrion, a power house of cell has DNA, RNA, ribosomes and enzymes, so it can
survive outside the cell.
D. Mitochondria divide by fission.

Q 26:
The core of a cilium or flagellum composed of microtubules and their associated proteins is called
A. belpharoplast
B. axoneme
C. microfilament
D. tubulin

Q 27:
Which of the following statements regarding sphaerosomes is not correct?
A. Abundant in the endosperm cells of oil seeds.
B. Bounded by a singlemembrane.
C. take part in synthesis and storage of lipids.
D. In plants they take part in photorespiration.

Q 28:
All plastids have essentially the same structure because
A. they have to perform the same function
B. they are localized in the aerial parts of plants
C. one type of plastids can differentiate into another type of plastids depending upon the cell
requirements
D. all plastids have to store starch, lipids and proteins

Q 29:
In chloroplasts, chlorophyll is present in the
A. outer membrane
B. inner membrane
C. thylakoids
D. stroma
Q 30:
Which of the following is not a function of cytoskeleton in a cell?
A. Intracellular transport
B. Maintenance of cell shape and structure
C. Support of the organelles
D. Apoptosis
 Answer

1. Solution: B

Explanation:
Rudolf virchow modified the cell theory given by Schleiden and Schwann in 1855 to give cell theory
a final shape.

2. Solution: B

Explanation:

Since it is the fold it definitely increases the surface of cell membrane and in a bacterial cell it acts as
the respiratory centre as it contains respiratory enzymes and also contributes in cell division by
separation of genetic material.

3. Solution: B

Explanation:

Glycocalyx is the outermost later of the cell envelop of bacteria /prokaryotic cell which is made up of
carbohydrate unit(glyco) that be conjugated with lipid or protein (glycolipid/glycoprotein)which may
be present as thick layer called capsule or thin membrane like which is then called a spine layer.

4. Solution: B

Explanation:

Prokaryotic cell ribosome is 70S type with small submit of 30S and large submit of 50S
5. Solution: B

Explanation:

Fimbrae are thread like extension of the surface of bacterial cell which are numerous and help in
attachment to the substratum.

6. Solution: C

Explanation:

Polyribosome Is a collection of many prokaryotic ribosome(70S) attached to the same mRNA

7. Solution: A

Explanation:
Cell wall is present outside the cell membrane.
Plant cell lack centriole, cell division is accomplished by polar caps
Vacuole is single large and centrally placed occupying the maximum area and shifting nucleus to the
corner.
8. Solution: B

Explanation:
Endomembrane system is composed of ER, Golgi, Vacuole and Lysosomes

9. Solution: D

Explanation:
according to the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane the carbohydarete chains attached to
lipid(glycolipid )and proteins(glycoprotein) extending from the surface facing outwards is reponsible
for recognition.

10. Solution: D

Explanation:
In plant cells The cytoplasm of two cells is connected to each other with the help of tunnel like
connections called plasmodesmata that are derived from ER.
11. Solution: A

Explanation:

Dictyosomes are single unit Golgi in plants that are as secretory bodies.
Mitochondria is the power house of the cell as it produces ATP by respiration
Vacuoles are. Membrane blind vesicles for storage of food and water.
Grans are stacks of Thylakoid in chloroplast that act as site for light reaction is photosynthesis.

12. Solution: C

Explanation:
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site of lipid synthesis whereas rough ER is responsible for
synthesis of proteins
Golgi are packaging/modifying and secreting bodies
Mitochondria is the power house of the cell.

13. Solution: A

Explanation:
Glyoxysomes are special oxidising microbodies found in plant cells with lipid reserve ( endosperm)
that are responsible for conversion of fatty acid into carbohydrates during germination.

14. Solution: B

Explanation:

Lysosomes are membrane blind vesicles secreted by Golgi and ER that contain hydrolytic enzymes
capable of digesting various food substrates and even cell's own cell organelles in altered state of
metabolism. Thus during automatedncell death ie apoptosis the lysosomes kill it's own cell organelles
and hence is known as suicidal bag.
15. Solution: D

Explanation:
Ribosome are aggregates of RNA that are grouped for synthesis of protein in to small and large
subunits . Not bound by membrane.
Nucleolus is also non membrane bound dark body present inside nucleus responsible for synthesis of
RNA
Centrioles are non membrane bound aggregates of tubules in 9+0 arrangement

16. Solution: A

Explanation:
Since chloroplast ans mitochondria have their own circular DNA they are capable for extra
chromosomal inheritance in certain unicellular organisms. Liken paramecium kappa particles.

17. Solution: D

Explanation:
Endoplasmic reticulum are the site of synthesis of proteins(RER) and their glycosylation.

18. Solution: A

Explanation:
The incoming vesicles enter the Golgi at cis face (forming face) where as the mature vesicle exit the
Golgi apparatus from the trans face (maturing face).

19. Solution: B

Explanation:
The eukaryotic cell cytoplasm contains free or attached(ER) 80S ribosomes whereas the inter
organelle ribosome inside chloroplast and mitochondria are 70S type.

20. Solution: B

Explanation:
The diagram represents the structure of chloroplast where the stroma contains single unit sac like
structures called stromal Thylakoid and the stacked Thylakoid are collectively known as Granum
21. Solution: D

Explanation:
The diagram represents the structure of cilia or flagella which are membrane bound cell organelles
responsible for movement and the crossectional area with central and peripheral tubules arrangement
in 9+2

22. Solution: B

Explanation:

23. Solution: C

Explanation:
The cell wall is the rigid outermost boundary of a plant cell that protects it from bursting by
endoosmosis (due to equal and opposite wall pressure in response to turgor pressure)
If we remove the cell wall and place the cell in pure water the cell will show endosomosis( as the
plant cell is hypertonic to normal water and will create a water gradient in the direction of plant cell).
And burst.

24. Solution: B

Explanation:
Golgi is the secretory body of the cell responsible for modification packaging and secretion of
substances.

25. Solution: C

Explanation:
Mitochondria and chloroplast are the semi autonomous bodies also considered as prokaryotic cell
within eukaruotic cell as they contain their own DNA, ribosome, and enzymes.
26. Solution: B

Explanation:

27. Solution: D

Explanation:
Spaherosomes are single membrane (lipid layer) small rounded bodies that are responsible for fat
storage and metabolism in animal cells

28. Solution: C

Explanation:
All the plastids are derived from a proplastid and they are interchangeable.
29. Solution: C

Explanation:
The chlorophyll pigment is present on the membranes of Thylakoid organised into photo systems
along with other electron transport chain particles.

30. Solution: D

Explanation:
Cytoskeleton of the cell is composed of microtubules and filaments that form a testicular framework
for positioning of organelles and support for maintaining shape and form of cell.
Apoptosis is achieved by lysosomes.