Answer Key Data Science Worksheet Class-8
Section A: Fill in the Blanks
1. Data that describes qualities or characteristics, such as color or texture, is called
qualitative data.
2. The number of students in a classroom is an example of discrete data because it can
only be a whole number.
3. In the healthcare industry, data is used to track patient health records and predict
disease outbreaks.
4. The process of grouping similar data points together without prior labels is called
clustering.
5. A value that sits far outside the normal range of a dataset is known as an outlier.
6. Regression is a statistical method used to predict a continuous outcome, such as
predicting the price of a house based on its size.
7. A line chart is the best visual tool to show trends and changes over a specific period
of time.
8. To show the frequency distribution of a continuous variable (like age groups), we use
a histogram.
9. Data visualization is important because it helps us identify patterns and outliers
quickly.
10. The ability of a machine to understand and process human speech or written text is
called Natural Language Processing (NLP).
11. In AI, perception refers to the process of a system sensing its environment, such as a
self-driving car identifying a stop sign.
12. Analyzing image data allows computers to recognize objects, faces, or medical
anomalies in X-rays.
Section B: True or False
1. Continuous data can take any value within a range (e.g., height or temperature). True
2. Qualitative data is always represented by precise numerical values. False
3. Data science is only used in the technology sector and not in agriculture or sports.
False
4. Discrete data cannot be broken down into fractions or decimals. True
5. Quantitative data deals with "how much" or "how many." True
6. Regression is used to find the "line of best fit" to predict future values. True
7. Anomaly detection is commonly used by banks to identify fraudulent transactions.
True
8. A "Data Scientist" is the only career path available for someone studying data. False
9. Outliers should always be deleted immediately without investigating why they exist.
False
10. Clustering is a form of learning where the machine finds hidden patterns on its own.
True
11. A bar graph is primarily used to compare different distinct categories of data. True
12. "Asking the right question" is the final step of the data visualization process. False
13. Tables are generally better than charts for showing precise individual values. True
14. Maps are used to visualize geographical or spatial data distributions. True
15. A histogram and a bar chart are exactly the same and can be used interchangeably.
False
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16. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is used in virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa.
True
17. Knowledge representation is the way an AI stores information about the world. True
18. Planning and Navigation are only used in video games, not in real-world robotics.
False
19. Emergent intelligence refers to complex collective behaviors arising from simple
rules. True
20. AI perception involves only the sense of "hearing" through microphones. False
Section C: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which of the following is an example of Quantitative data?
c) Exam scores out of 100
2. A weight scale shows 55.5 kg. This is an example of:
b) Continuous data
3. Which of the following is a primary use of data in the retail industry?
b) Inventory management and sales prediction
4. Which technique would you use to find "fake" accounts or unusual spending on social
media?
c) Anomaly Detection
5. Finding the relationship between "hours studied" and "marks obtained" is an example
of:
a) Regression
6. If you want to show how a company's profit changed every month for 5 years, you
should use a:
b) Line Chart
7. Which visualization is best for showing the "parts of a whole" or percentages?
b) Pie Chart
8. A Histogram is specifically used to show:
b) Frequency Distributions of a continuous range
9. What is the primary goal of data visualization?
c) To communicate insights and patterns clearly
10. Before creating any chart, the most important step is:
b) Asking the right question
11. Which AI field deals with "logical reasoning" and making deductions?
c) Logical AI / Reasoning
12. Self-driving cars use which AI component to calculate the best route through traffic?
b) Planning and Navigation
13. Analyzing whether a movie review is "happy," "angry," or "sad" is a part of:
b) Text Data Analytics (Sentiment Analysis)
14. Facial recognition software in smartphones is a major application of:
a) Image Data Analytics
15. Which of these is a real-world example of NLP?
a) Google Translate
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Section D: Case Study Based Questions
Case Study 1: The Retail Store (Data Patterns and Outliers)
Question: Define what an "Outlier" is in the context of this dataset and identify the specific
outlier in TrendSetters' report. If you were the data analyst, would you categorize this as a
"High-Value Target" (a bulk corporate buyer) or a "System Anomaly" (a software glitch or
security breach)? Justify your answer by looking at the transaction time and volume.
• Outlier Definition: An outlier is a data point that significantly deviates from the
expected pattern or range of values in a dataset.
• Specific Outlier: In TrendSetters' report, the transaction with 5,000 shirts purchased
at exactly 1:00:00 AM is an outlier. The large quantity and unusual timestamp (during
closed hours) deviate from the normal pattern where 1 to 3 items are purchased.
• Categorization: This would likely be categorized as a System Anomaly. The
purchase was made when the store was closed, suggesting the possibility of a system
glitch or security breach. A "High-Value Target" would likely occur during store
hours and with legitimate business transactions.
Case Study 2: The School Library (Visualization and Inquiry)
Question: Help Mr. Gupta design a professional visualization plan. Which specific type of
chart would be most effective for comparing the popularity of different genres (e.g., Sci-Fi
vs. History vs. Mystery), and why? Additionally, identify the "Right Question" Mr. Gupta
should ask before he starts creating his charts to ensure his visualization actually helps the
Principal make a decision.
• Visualization Type: A bar graph or column chart would be the most effective for
comparing genres because it allows for clear visual comparison of the number of
times each genre was borrowed.
• Right Question: "Which genre is most frequently borrowed across different grade
levels?" This will ensure that Mr. Gupta's chart highlights the genres that should be
prioritized for the budget proposal.
Case Study 3: The Smart Hospital (AI and Data Types)
Question: Carefully analyze the two features of City Care Hospital. Identify which feature
utilizes "Image Data Analytics" and which feature utilizes "Natural Language Processing
(NLP)." For each feature, explain one specific way it improves the efficiency of the hospital
or the experience of the patient.
• Image Data Analytics: The diagnostic tool that scans X-ray images to highlight bone
fractures uses image data analytics. It helps doctors identify fractures quickly and
accurately, improving diagnostic efficiency.
• Natural Language Processing (NLP): The interactive chatbot that allows patients to
describe their symptoms and book appointments uses NLP. It improves patient
experience by enabling easy communication and faster appointment scheduling
without human intervention.
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Case Study 4: The Delivery Robot (AI Navigation and Perception)
Question: Using the concepts of AI architecture, explain the difference between how the
robot uses "Perception" and "Planning and Navigation" to complete its delivery. Give a
specific example from the story of a task that falls under Perception and a task that falls under
Planning. How would the robot’s behavior change if its "Perception" module failed while in a
crowded area?
• Perception: The robot uses Perception to detect moving shoppers and recognize
obstacles like kiosks or signs. Example: Identifying a sign that says "Emergency Exit"
is a perception task.
• Planning and Navigation: The robot uses Planning and Navigation to determine
the best path to avoid obstacles and dead-ends. Example: Calculating the most
efficient route to deliver snacks.
• Behavior Change if Perception Fails: If the Perception module fails, the robot might
not detect obstacles or moving people, potentially causing it to collide with obstacles
or take inefficient paths in crowded areas.