Class-XI [Online Examination of NCERT Part-I]
Time:90 Minutes Marks:35
1. Passage based Questions
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions : [1x4 = 4]
In order of explain the shapes of these molecules adequately, Sidgwick and Powell in 1940
proposed a theory based on the repulsive interaction of the electron pairs in the valence
shell of the atoms. Nyholm and Gillespie (1950) further developed and redefined the
concept.
The main postulates of this theory are as follows:
The number of valence shell electron pairs (bonded or non-bonded) present around
the central atom decided the shape of the molecules. The shared electron pairs are
called bond pairs and unshared or non-bonding electrons are called lone pairs.
Electron pairs of valence shell repel one another because their electron clouds are
negatively charged.
These electron pairs arrange themselves in such a way so that there is minimum
repulsion and maximum distance in between them.
The valence shell is considered as a sphere in which the electron pairs are localised
on the spherical surface at maximum distance from one another.
A lone pair occupies more space than a bonding pair, since it lies closer to the
central atom. This means that the repulsion between the different electron pairs
follow the order:
Lone pair-lone pair > lone pair-bond pair > bond pair - bond pair
(lp - lp) > (1p - bp) > (bp - bp)
The following questions (i-iv) are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate
answer:
(i) Which of the following molecule has net dipole moment zero?
(a) HF (b) H2O (c) BF3 (d) CHCl3
(ii) Which one of the following species contains three bond pairs and one lone pair
around the central atom?
(a) H2O (b) BF3 (c) NH2- (d) PCl3
(iii) Why do the deviations occur from idealised shape of H2O and NH3 molecules?
(a) same hybridisation (b) Different hybridisation
(c) Repulsive effect (d) None of the above
(iv) The species, having bond angles of 120° is
(a) PH3 (b) CiF3 (c) NCl3 (d) BCl3
2. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions: [1x4 = 4]
According to Le-Chatalier's principle, 'if any of the factors that determine the equilibrium
condition, of a system (like temperature, pressure, concentration etc.,) is changed, the
system will move in such a direction so that effect of the change is reduced or nullified.'
According to Le-Chatelier's principle, the concentration stress due to the addition of
reactant/product in relieved by shifting of the net reaction in that direction where the added
substance is consumed. The concentration stress due to the removal of reaction/product is
relieved by shifting of the net reaction in that direction where the removed substance is
replenished or in other words, "change in the concentration of either reactant(s) or
product(s) shift the reaction in such a direction in which the effect of the change is
minimized or nullified.
Pressure change, that is achieved by changing the volume of the system, generally affect
the gaseous reactions having different number of moles of gaseous reactants and products.
It has no effect on solids/liquids as the volume (and concentration) of liquids is nearly
independent of pressure. In general, increase in pressure shifts the equilibrium in that
direction where the number of moles of the gas or pressure decreases and vice-versa.
In these questions (i-iv) a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is
given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices:
(a) Assertion and Reason both are correct statement and Reason is correct explanation for
Assertion.
(b) Assertion and Reason both are correct statement but Reason is not correct explanation
for Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct statement but Reason is incorrect statement.
(d) Assertion is incorrect statement but Reason is correct statement.
(i) Assertion: If volume is kept constant and an inert gas such as argon is added
which does not take part in the reaction, the equilibrium remains undisturbed.
Reason: It is because, the addition of an inert gas at constant volume does not
change the partial pressure or the molar concentrations of the substance involved
in the reaction.
(ii) Assertion: Ice water, if pressure is applied water will evaporate.
Reason: Increase of pressure pushes the equilibrium towards the side in which
number of gaseous mole decreases.
OR
Assertion: According to Le Chatelier's principle addition of heat to an
equilibrium solid liquid results in decrease in the amount of solid.
Reason: Reaction is endothermic, so on heating forward reaction is favoured.
1
(iii) Assertion: SO2 ( g ) O2 ( g ) SO3 ( g ) heat .
2
Forward reaction is favoured at high temperature and low pressure.
Reason: Reaction is exothermic.
(iv) Assertion: When a catalyst is added to a reaction mixture in equilibrium the
amount of the products increases.
Reason: The forward reaction becomes faster on adding the catalyst.
Assertion and Reason [1x5 = 5]
3. Assertion: Kp can be less than, greater than or equal to Kc.
Reason: Relation between Kp and Kc depends on the change in number of moles of
gaseous reactants and products (Δn).
4. Assertion: The mean bond energy of all the four C-H bonds in CH4 molecule is equal.
Reason: After breaking of C-H bonds one by one, the electronic environments change.
5. Assertion: For a given principal quantum number, s, p, d, f....., subshells, all have
different energies.
Reason: Mutual repulsion exists among the electrons in a multielectron atoms.
6. Assertion: Combustion of 16g of methane gives 18g of water.
Reason: In the combustion of methane. water is one of product.
7. Assertion: PCl5 molecule has trigonal bipyramidal structure.
Reason: The hybridisation of PCl5 is sp3d.
8. A gas absorbs a photon of 355 nm and emits at two wavelengths. if one of the emissions
is at 680 nm, at what place, the other emission occurs? [2]
-1
9. The density of 3M solution of NaCl is 1.25g mL . Calculate molality of the solution.[2]
10. Calculate mass percentage of each element of water (H2O)(1 mole). [2]
11. A 25°C and 760 nm of Hg pressure a gas occupies 600 mL volume. What will be its
pressure at a hight where temperature is 10°C and volume of the gas is 640 mL. [3]
12. Answer the following: [3]
(i) Why does a zinc vessel dissolve when CuSO4 is stored in it?
(ii) What could be the possible reason for the dissolution of Zn vessel when CuSO4 is
stored in it? Also give the reason as to why Cu vessel does not dissolve when ZnSO 4 is
stored in it.
(iii)Which type of redox reaction takes place in the given observation?
13. Give reason for the following electron gain enthalpy of O- is positive while that of S is
negative and electron gain enthalpy S - is positive while that of O- is negative. Why the
increasing order of reactivity among group 17 elements is F > Cl > Br > I. [3]
14. Using molecular orbital theory, compare the bond energy and magnetic character of O2+
and O2- species. [2]
15. Explain the non-linear shape of H2S and non-planar shape of PCl3 using valence shell
electron pair repulsion theory. [2]
16. Account for following: [3]
+ -
(a) Among the molecules, NO , N2, SnCl2 and NO2 , identify the species which is
isoeletronic with CO.
(b) What type of atomic orbitals can overlap to form molecular orbitals?
(c) On the basis of VSEPR theory, draw the structure of XeF4 molecule.